In the history of Zhu Rihe, which dynasty and generation used the military field?

Zhu Rihe in history belongs to Su Nite, and Su Nite is 960 miles from Beijing, 406 miles from east to west and 580 miles from north to south. This was the fief of Yuan Taizu's16th Sun Turuboro, which was later spread to Tumergen in Cook, also known as Su Nite. Cook's maergen divided Su Nite into two parts, East and West, and gave them to his four sons. Later they all belonged to the Chahar tribe. At the end of the Jin Dynasty (the end of the Ming Dynasty), Su Nite was oppressed by the last Mongolian Khan, Lidan Khan, so he moved and attached himself to the Halka tribe. Su Nite has always been a military stronghold, and the Gobi Desert here has always been an excellent battlefield. It is also the military starting point for emperors to make contributions.

Jenghiz Khan

Began the first western expedition and asked for it.

800 years ago in June (12 19), in northern Zhu Rihe, 600,000 Mongolian troops of Genghis Khan were preparing for the pledging war. Genghis Khan solemnly reviewed his expeditionary force composed of elite soldiers, who will shoulder the heavy responsibility of Mongolia's success. With Genghis Khan's command, the first western expedition began.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 3rd century, under the leadership of Genghis Khan, the influence of Mongolian tribes became stronger, many small countries and tribes on the grassland were attacked and destroyed, and the reputation of the Mongolian empire spread far and wide. Even Samada, the great western king who crossed the western Liao Dynasty, sent messengers to see Genghis Khan. In fact, his purpose is to understand the expanding reality of Mongolia. Facing the ambassador, Genghis Khan was of course very happy and treated the members of the mission warmly, and said: We should maintain peaceful and friendly relations and let businessmen pass freely. 12 18, Genghis Khan destroyed the western Liao country, and the Mongolian empire began to border with Central Asian countries. The thorn submodule is famous for doing business in the world. After the rise of the Mongolian empire, a large number of merchants of the flower thorn submodule came to Mongolia and made huge profits through their trade with the Mongols. In the spring of the 13th year of Mongolian Taizu (12 18), Samabumi, a model of Hualazi, met with Mongolian emissaries in Bukhara, agreed to Genghis Khan's initiative, and the two sides concluded a peace and trade agreement.

Since then, according to the trade agreement reached between the two countries, Genghis Khan sent a huge caravan consisting of 450 people, carrying a large number of camels, precious commodities such as gold, silver, silk, camel hair, beaver skin and mink, and came to Samarda with a personal letter from Genghis Khan. After the caravan went to Ortera in the upper reaches of the Syr Darya River, it was detained because Haier Khan was greedy for money, and sent someone to report to Samardadi, falsely claiming that there was an agent of Genghis Khan in the caravan. Without knowing the truth, Saman ordered the members of the caravan to be executed and confiscated all their belongings. Haier Khan was ordered by Samada to kill the members of the Mongolian caravan, only one escaped from the prison and reported the news that the caravan was killed to Genghis Khan.

Genghis Khan was very angry after hearing the news and vowed to avenge the dead. However, he still hoped that the two sides could resolve the dispute through peaceful means, so he sent three messengers to the thorn mold to ask the perpetrators to reconcile. The messenger conveyed Genghis Khan's original words to King Samada: "Before your Majesty, you promised me that you would not abuse any businessmen in this country. If you break the contract today, you will be the master of a country for nothing. If it is not your order for Hottelart to kill businessmen, please hand me over to the garrison commander for my punishment, or prepare for war. " Samada turned a deaf ear to this, not only killed the messenger, but also shaved off the beards of the two ambassadors and rushed back. This completely killed Genghis Khan's heart of peace, and he decided to personally lead the army to ask Hua La Zi Mo. This is the beginning of Genghis Khan's review of the army in Zhu Rihe and his oath to the Western Expedition. After four years of fighting, the Mongolian army led by Genghis Khan occupied the kingdom of Huala Mozi, killed the enemy Haier Khan and King Shamoko of Huala Mozi, and achieved the expected goal. Genghis Khan returned to China in June (5438+0223) in the 18th year of Mongolian Taizu, and ordered his eldest son Shu Chi to guard the flower thorn submodule.

Genghis Khan's expedition to the west, involving a wide range and great influence, is really rare in world history and of great significance in human history. The final victory of the Western Expedition proved that Genghis Khan's strategic choice was very correct. The victory of this war greatly improved the international reputation and prestige of the Mongolian Empire, enriched the wealth of Mongolian countries and individuals, played a very great role in improving Mongolia's military technology, production technology, social management and cultural knowledge, and laid a solid foundation for the new conquest of the Mongolian Empire.

Emperor Kangxi

After the military parade, Galdin was conquered

In the 30th year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (169 1), Emperor Kangxi came to Duolun Nuo 'er area south of Zhu Rihe on his way to conquer galdan. In order to win the majority, he appeased the people in Gurkha who were harassed by galdan, and held a meeting of all the nobles in Gurkha to mediate the contradictions among Mongolian tribes in Gurkha, evaluate right and wrong, and then conferred a title. Then Kangxi held a military parade. Regarding the military parade, Kangxi once said: "The military equipment of the country cannot be relaxed for one day. As an old rule, soldiers must be trained and artillery must be tested every year. Our Ministry (Ministry of War) is called the unification of the Eight Banners and so on. I will look at it myself in advance. "

On the day of the military parade, Kangxi personally went to the military parade camp to change his armor. Under the protection of ministers, he went to the martial arts field to play military music, and he was very handsome and began to study. The troops participating in the reading are the Eight Banners Army, the Eight Banners Manchu Firearms Battalion, the Xiaoqi Battalion, the Qianjin Battalion and the Guard Battalion, with a large number of people. The Eight Banners are divided into left and right, with yellow, white and blue columns on the left and yellow, red and blue columns on the right, and other troops are arranged in turn. The first vanguard, guards and soldiers from the Seventh Battalion came out in turn, followed by soldiers from other battalions, and finally soldiers from the Firearms Battalion. With the sound of snails blowing, the Eight Banners soldiers evolved into various formations, and this was repeated several times. Finally, the team returned to the formation at the beginning of the reading, and the military parade ended. The reason why Kangxi held a military parade in Zhu Rihe was mainly to show national prestige and deter the rebellious galdan.

Mongolia in Qing Dynasty was divided into three parts: Monan Mongolia, Mobei Mongolia and Moxi Mongolia. Except Monan Mongolia, which had already belonged to the Qing Dynasty, the other two departments also surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. Junggar is a branch of Mongolia in the western desert, and originally lived a nomadic life in Yili. However, since galdan ruled Junggar, he was ambitious, first annexing other tribes in Moxi Mongolia, and then attacking Mobei Mongolia eastward. Mobei Mongolia failed, and hundreds of thousands of Mobei Mongolians fled to Monan and asked the Qing government for protection. Kangxi sent an envoy to galdan, asking him to return the occupied area to Mobei Mongolia. Gordan, who thinks he has Russian support, is very arrogant. He not only refused to withdraw his troops, but also invaded the desert south on a large scale in the name of pursuing Mobei Mongolia.

After analyzing the grim situation, Emperor Kangxi thought that galdan was aggressive and ambitious, and dared to offend the Qing Empire. Although you can't have it far away, you will be punished, so Kangxi announced that he decided to personally lead the army to conquer Galdin. In the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), Kangxi led an army to divide his troops and attack Galdin. After several rounds of blows, Gordan was beaten to pieces and abandoned the camp to escape. Seeing that the situation was unfavorable, galdan quickly sent lamas to Qing camp for peace. When Kangxi heard the news, he resolutely ordered: "Go after the victory! Don't fall for the thief's trick. " Sure enough, Gordan's peace is just a strategy to slow down. When the Qing army was ordered to pursue, galdan had already fled to Mobei with down archers.

Gordan returned to Mobei, surrendering to the Qing government on the surface, but secretly recruiting. In the thirty-third year of Kangxi (1694), Emperor Kangxi wanted to meet with galdan and conclude an armistice. However, Goldan didn't come, didn't say anything, and secretly sent people to the south of the desert to incite rebellion. He even threatened that they borrowed 60 thousand birds and spearmen from the Russian government to attack on a large scale, which was extremely rampant.

In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), Emperor Kangxi decided to make a personal expedition for the second time, and Gordan was beaten out of the water again. In the end, Gordan escaped with only a few dozen cavalry. After two personal expeditions by Emperor Kangxi, the rebel group in galdan collapsed, but the remnants of galdan continued to fight. In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi (1697), Emperor Kangxi led the troops across the Yellow River for the third time. At this time, galdan has been in a mess, and his original base Ili has been occupied by his nephew; The remnants of Galdin heard that Emperor Kangxi had once again made a personal expedition, some fled, some abandoned their brothers and surrendered, even willing to be the guide of the Qing army and capture Galdin alive. The desperate Goldan finally committed suicide by taking poison. In this way, the Qing Empire regained control of Mobei Mongolia to the east of Altai Mountain, and set up a general in Ulyasutai to govern the whole Mobei Mongolia.

Kangxi's three personal expeditions to quell galdan's separatist rebellion not only showed the great talent and strong will of a generation of emperors, but also achieved the goal of maintaining and consolidating the northwest frontier and eliminating the separatist forces of the nobles in Junggar, and also dealt a blow to the ambition of tsarist Russia to invade Junggar, China, safeguarded the reunification of the motherland and established China's image as a powerful country in the world.

Yuan Shikai

Defeat the rebels in outer Mongolia

Since Emperor Kangxi wiped out the rebellion in galdan and resumed the rule of Mongolia, the Su Nite Banner where Zhu Rihe was located has changed. In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong (176 1), the Qing government began to establish Chahar viceroy, which was in charge of the kings of the Eight Banners of Chahar, Simu Banner and Xilin Gol Banner.

During the years of Chongde, Shunzhi and Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Su Nite, Abaga, Abahanar, Haojit and Wuzhumuqin in Xilin Gol River area successively set up left and right flags, and the alliance was located on the "Chugulagan Aobao" mountain on the north bank of Xilin River, named Xilin Gol League. Xilingol, Mongolian, means hilly river. During Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, the League moved to Beizi Temple. The status and name of Xilin Gol League changed during the Republic of China. After the founding of New China, it was changed back to Xilin Gol League in 1958.

Although the Xilin Gol League where Zhu Rihe is located has changed, its position as a military location has not changed. Among them, the 19 13 Xilin Gol League-Chahar Battle had a particularly significant impact.

After the Revolution of 1911, the pro-Russian forces headed by the living Buddha of Zhebuzundan, the outer Mongolia, took advantage of the danger of the Qing Dynasty's rule and declared the independence of outer Mongolia on191112, and established the Bok Khan government. Shortly thereafter, in order to form the so-called "Great Mongolia", the Bokhan government issued a "campaign" to the various league flags in Inner Mongolia, calling on them to belong to the Bokhan government.

At this time, the government of the Republic of China has been established in China, with Yuan Shikai as interim president. He also attaches great importance to Inner Mongolia. While strengthening naturalization, garrison troops in Duolun and Zhangjiakou, in order to win over the princes of Zasak, Mongolia, stabilize the people's hearts and avoid war, he also took measures to win over the feudal upper class of each league flag in Inner Mongolia. August1912,65438+.

However, in response to Yuan Shikai's actions to strengthen control over Inner Mongolia, the Bokhan government decided to fight back. They actively organized troops and prepared to expel the troops of the Republic of China by force in order to achieve the goal of reunifying Inner Mongolia. 19 13 At the beginning of this year, the Bokhan government launched a war to unify the flags of various leagues in Inner Mongolia and hit the Xilin Gol League-Chahar area where Zhu Rihe was located.

Yuan Shikai, unwilling to fight, took appeasement measures to explain his attitude, but when the rebels came to the door, they did not hesitate. Yuan Shikai commanded the army of the Republic of China and fought a decisive battle with the army of Bokhan regime in Zhu Rihe. After fierce fighting, Bokhan's army was defeated, and Bokhan's plan of reunifying Inner Mongolia by force was shattered.

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