The Historical Contribution of Jian 'an Literature

I. Historical Background of Jian 'an Literature Jian 'an was the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, AD 196-220.

The political power in this period was completely in the hands of Cao Cao. At that time, the literary leaders were all Cao family figures, and most of the seven famous poets Jian 'an and Qizi died in Jian 'an period, so this period was called Jian 'an literature. From the period of Huan and Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the post-Party was in charge, the political affairs were dark, and the people complained bitterly, which finally led to the Yellow Scarf Uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The buffer region developed its own strength by eliminating the yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, and the local power gradually became stronger.

The Eastern Han Dynasty was teetering in turbulent and chaotic times. After Xian Di acceded to the throne, he was repeatedly moved, and he needed to rely on the breathing space of the powerful ministers to survive.

Especially after Cao Cao thought that his arm had moved to Xu and established a vassal in the name of Emperor Tian, Emperor Xian of Han became a puppet and his prestige was discredited. The orthodox rule of Confucianism collapsed in the war at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

People's ideological and cultural concepts will inevitably change greatly in the case of social disorder and chaos in the world, so various deviant ideas have broken through the shackles of Confucian ideological and moral concepts and emerged one after another. Confucianism not only lost its authority, but also no longer became people's moral standards and values.

In the society at that time, everything was in a state of anomie. People are willful, maverick, self-conscious, and pursue personal spirit and enjoyment.

Under such unconscious social conditions, the traditional culture inevitably changed during the Jian 'an period, thus showing a state in which many cultures competed with each other and went hand in hand. No matter from the perspective of cultural evolution or evolutionary theory, the cultural fission in Jian 'an period is something worthy of our full praise and affirmation.

It was the cultural fission during the Jian 'an period that made various cultural concepts appear and become popular. During the Jian 'an period, political turmoil, the collapse of Confucianism and the collision of various ideas came into being. Various social and cultural behaviors not only greatly changed people's way of thinking and behavior, but also changed the level of people's view of society and thinking, greatly promoted people's re-understanding of the value of life, stimulated people's enterprising spirit, enhanced people's personality consciousness, and * * * stimulated literati's creative desire.

It is in this cultural background that the literature in Jian 'an period rose rapidly. It must be said that during the Jian 'an period, especially after Emperor Han Xian moved the capital and Cao Cao pacified Jizhou, the development of literature gained a fairly relaxed social and cultural environment. While making positive progress and making contributions, literary scholars "write, sing and speak with pen and ink to show the spirit of the times and reflect the life of the times".

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the society was in turmoil. Cao Cao, a native of Guo Pei (now Bozhou) in Han Dynasty, set up Qingzhou soldiers, supported the Han Emperor, unified the north, and the society had a relatively stable environment.

Both Cao Cao and his son have high literary accomplishment, and because of their advocacy, once-declining literature has a new vitality. In Yecheng, the capital city at that time (so the address is now Linzhang County, Hebei Province), a large number of literati gathered.

New breakthroughs have been made in poetry, prose and prose creation. Poetry, in particular, absorbs the advantages of folk songs in the Han Dynasty, is full of love and words, has a generous and sad artistic style, and truly reflects the social reality and the thoughts and feelings of literati in the late Han Dynasty.

Because it happened during the Jian 'an period of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, later generations called the literature of this period Jian 'an literature. The representative figures of Jian 'an literature are "Three Cao" and "Seven Zi", with "Three Cao" as the core.

Cao Cao is the leader and pioneer of Jian 'an literature, and there are more than 20 Yuefu poems. Hao, his masterpiece, describes the tragic scene of the warlord's scuffle, and Short Songs is a well-known masterpiece. Cao Pi is the second son of Cao Cao. His poems are euphemistic and implicit, and he writes more about love and sadness.

Ge Yanxing is the earliest existing seven-character poem. His classical theory. The thesis is an important work in the history of China's literary criticism.

Cao Zhi is the most famous writer in this period. More than 65,438+000 poems and essays have been handed down, such as Fu Liangxing on Mount Tai, Beauty and Luo Shenfu, which describe people's painful lives. Cao Zhi wrote the story of the seven-step poem, which is a household name. Li Bai has a saying that "the bones of great writers are all your brushes, and they are in the school of heaven", which shows the far-reaching influence of Jian 'an literature on later generations.

1. The pioneer of the new situation of Jian 'an literature is Cao Cao, an outstanding politician, strategist and poet. His representative works of poetry creation include Lu Luxing, Good Li Xing, and A Journey to the Bitter Han, which describe the war and people's sufferings at the end of the Han Dynasty. "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles" is a famous sentence of Hao.

The short song "The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world belongs to his heart" shows his ambition to unify the world and the spirit of being proactive, showing his broad mind; "A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected, a brilliant star and a brilliant person, if unexpected" in Watching the Sea describes the magnificent atmosphere of the sea. "My heart is full of lofty sentiments" in "A Short Song" shows the author's yearning for talents, and "An old man riding a horse, aiming at a thousand miles, a martyr in his twilight years, courageously marching forward" in "Waiting for Hou" shows Cao Cao's positive and enterprising spirit.

2. Cao Cao is a pioneer in creating a new situation in literature. He pioneered the use of Yuefu old poems to write current affairs. Besides his five-character poems, there are many excellent four-character poems. He studied Han Yuefu, but he has his own style.

3. The earliest extant complete seven-character poem of literati is Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi; His Dian Lun is the earliest extant literary monograph. He advocated literature and promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature. 4. Cao Zhi's life and creation can be divided into two periods, which are bounded by Cao Pi's proclaimed emperor in 220 AD. 5. The representative works of Cao Zhi's poetry creation are "White Horse", which describes the superb martial arts and patriotic spirit of a ranger teenager, in which "celebrities should not be heroes, but they should not be selfish" reflects the patriotic spirit of the teenager; "Give Xu Gan" to encourage friends to make contributions; "Seven Sorrow" pinned its depression and pain on the thinking women; Noda's trip to an oriole describes the story of a teenager who cut a net and saved an oriole. "Ode to Mount Tai" describes the poor life of the seaside people.

Second, the historical background of Jian' an literature Jian' an is the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, AD 196-220.

The political power in this period was completely in the hands of Cao Cao. At that time, the literary leaders were all Cao family figures, and most of the seven famous poets Jian 'an and Qizi died in Jian 'an period, so this period was called Jian 'an literature. From the period of Huan and Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the post-Party was in charge, the political affairs were dark, and the people complained bitterly, which finally led to the Yellow Scarf Uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The buffer region developed its own strength by eliminating the yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, and the local power gradually became stronger.

The Eastern Han Dynasty was teetering in turbulent and chaotic times. After Xian Di acceded to the throne, he was repeatedly moved, and he needed to rely on the breathing space of the powerful ministers to survive.

Especially after Cao Cao thought that his arm had moved to Xu and established a vassal in the name of Emperor Tian, Emperor Xian of Han became a puppet and his prestige was discredited. The orthodox rule of Confucianism collapsed in the war at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

People's ideological and cultural concepts will inevitably change greatly in the case of social disorder and chaos in the world, so various deviant ideas have broken through the shackles of Confucian ideological and moral concepts and emerged one after another. Confucianism not only lost its authority, but also no longer became people's moral standards and values.

In the society at that time, everything was in a state of anomie. People are willful, maverick, self-conscious, and pursue personal spirit and enjoyment.

Under such unconscious social conditions, the traditional culture inevitably changed during the Jian 'an period, thus showing a state in which many cultures competed with each other and went hand in hand. No matter from the perspective of cultural evolution or evolutionary theory, the cultural fission in Jian 'an period is something worthy of our full praise and affirmation.

It was the cultural fission during the Jian 'an period that made various cultural concepts appear and become popular. During the Jian 'an period, political turmoil, the collapse of Confucianism and the collision of various ideas came into being. Various social and cultural behaviors not only greatly changed people's way of thinking and behavior, but also changed the level of people's view of society and thinking, greatly promoted people's re-understanding of the value of life, stimulated people's enterprising spirit, enhanced people's personality consciousness, and * * * stimulated literati's creative desire.

It is in this cultural background that the literature in Jian 'an period rose rapidly. It must be said that during the Jian 'an period, especially after Emperor Han Xian moved the capital and Cao Cao pacified Jizhou, the development of literature gained a fairly relaxed social and cultural environment. While making positive progress and making contributions, literary scholars "write, sing and speak with pen and ink to show the spirit of the times and reflect the life of the times".

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the society was in turmoil. Cao Cao, a native of Guo Pei (now Bozhou) in Han Dynasty, set up Qingzhou soldiers, supported the Han Emperor, unified the north, and the society had a relatively stable environment.

Both Cao Cao and his son have high literary accomplishment, and because of their advocacy, once-declining literature has a new vitality. In Yecheng, the capital city at that time (so the address is now Linzhang County, Hebei Province), a large number of literati gathered.

New breakthroughs have been made in poetry, prose and prose creation. Poetry, in particular, absorbs the advantages of folk songs in the Han Dynasty, is full of love and words, has a generous and sad artistic style, and truly reflects the social reality and the thoughts and feelings of literati in the late Han Dynasty.

Because it happened during the Jian 'an period of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, later generations called the literature of this period Jian 'an literature. The representative figures of Jian 'an literature are "Three Cao" and "Seven Zi", with "Three Cao" as the core.

Cao Cao is the leader and pioneer of Jian 'an literature, and there are more than 20 Yuefu poems. Hao, his masterpiece, describes the tragic scene of the warlord's scuffle, and Short Songs is a well-known masterpiece. Cao Pi is the second son of Cao Cao. His poems are euphemistic and implicit, and he writes more about love and sadness.

Ge Yanxing is the earliest existing seven-character poem. His classical theory. The thesis is an important work in the history of China's literary criticism.

Cao Zhi is the most famous writer in this period. More than 65,438+000 poems and essays have been handed down, such as Fu Liangxing on Mount Tai, Beauty and Luo Shenfu, which describe people's painful lives. Cao Zhi wrote the story of the seven-step poem, which is a household name. Li Bai has a saying that "the bones of great writers are all your brushes, and they are in the school of heaven", which shows the far-reaching influence of Jian 'an literature on later generations.

1. The pioneer of the new situation of Jian 'an literature is Cao Cao, an outstanding politician, strategist and poet. His representative works of poetry creation include Lu Luxing, Good Li Xing, and A Journey to the Bitter Han, which describe the war and people's sufferings at the end of the Han Dynasty. "Bones are exposed in the wild, and there are no crows in a thousand miles" is a famous sentence of Hao.

The short song "The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the Duke of Zhou vomits and feeds, and the world belongs to his heart" shows his ambition to unify the world and the spirit of being proactive, showing his broad mind; "A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected, a brilliant star and a brilliant person, if unexpected" in Watching the Sea describes the magnificent atmosphere of the sea. "My heart is full of lofty sentiments" in "A Short Song" shows the author's yearning for talents, and "An old man riding a horse, aiming at a thousand miles, a martyr in his twilight years, courageously marching forward" in "Waiting for Hou" shows Cao Cao's positive and enterprising spirit.

2. Cao Cao is a pioneer in creating a new situation in literature. He pioneered the use of Yuefu old poems to write current affairs. Besides his five-character poems, there are many excellent four-character poems. He studied Han Yuefu, but he has his own style.

3. The earliest extant complete seven-character poem of literati is Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi; His Dian Lun is the earliest extant literary monograph. He advocated literature and promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature. 4. Cao Zhi's life and creation can be divided into two periods, which are bounded by Cao Pi's proclaimed emperor in 220 AD. 5. The representative works of Cao Zhi's poetry creation are "White Horse", which describes the superb martial arts and patriotic spirit of a ranger teenager, in which "celebrities should not be heroes, but they should not be selfish" reflects the patriotic spirit of the teenager; "Give Xu Gan" to encourage friends to make contributions; "Seven Sorrow" pinned its depression and pain on the thinking women; Noda's trip to an oriole describes the story of a teenager who cut a net and saved an oriole. Yin on Mount Tai describes the poor life of the seaside people. With beautiful women.

Third, the historical conditions for the emergence of Jian 'an literature The prosperity of Jian 'an literature is closely related to its background. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the state pastoral regime split, wars and disasters continued, people were in dire straits, and they fled everywhere, or died in the army or famine and plague. Jian 'an literati lived in this era of great change, witnessed all kinds of social misery and had personal feelings. Therefore, many literary works at that time reflected realistic themes and produced a large number of works describing war, people's suffering and longing for national reunification. It can be seen that the era environment has a great influence on the prosperity of Jian 'an literature.

The decline of Confucianism also contributed to the prosperity of Jian 'an literature. Confucianism has always occupied a dominant position in thought since Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty exclusively respected Confucianism. The traditional Confucian view of literature is primitive Taoism, and literature has always been a vassal of Confucian classics, which hinders the free development of literature. With the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty, traditional Confucianism lost its dominant position and the power to dominate thoughts, so literature began to get rid of the shackles of Confucian classics. Many writers have anti-traditional ideas, especially Cao Cao and Cao Zhi. They no longer regard literature as a tool to interpret Confucian classics, but use it to reflect real life and express their thoughts and feelings, thus broadening the road of literature. In addition, the prevalence and development of literary criticism also promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature. Due to the social chaos and the decline of Confucianism, Jian 'an literati have a deeper reflection on the value and function of literature, and have a deeper study on the characteristics of various styles, the relationship between the style of articles and the author, and scholars often discuss and criticize each other. Thesis was the most important literary criticism at that time, so it can be seen that the development of Jian 'an literature was not unrelated to literary criticism. The advocacy of leaders at that time also made Jian 'an literature more prosperous. Cao Cao and his son were not only literary leaders at that time, but also political leaders. "Serving the son of heaven made him not a minister." They love literature and recruit talents. Cao Cao ordered "appointing people on merit" and advocated a group of qualified literati to create together. Jian 'an Seven Sons is an example. In addition to recruiting talents, Cao Shi and his son also had excellent literary works, and their political status promoted the development of Jian 'an literature. They like literature and are naturally polite to the scribes. Unlike past rulers, they regard it as "excellent". On the contrary, they write together, discuss articles together and get along like friends. Therefore, the literary atmosphere became active and Jian 'an literature flourished, which had a lot to do with the attitude of the rulers. Finally, the prosperity of Jian 'an literature is actually the law of literary development. The literature of Han Dynasty prepared for the rise of Jian 'an, and poetry and fu inspired the writers of Jian 'an. For example, the realistic spirit of Jian 'an literature inherits the tradition of "feeling sad and happy, starting from things" in Yuefu poems of Han Dynasty. Three ancestors, Wang Chen and even the seven sons of Jian 'an often reflect reality with old Yuefu poems. Nineteen Ancient Poems also provided reference for Jian 'an lyric poetry.

The main achievements of Jian 'an literature 1. The ideological content of Jian 'an literature mainly includes two aspects: First, it reflects the turbulent social reality and the sufferings of people's livelihood at that time, such as Lu Luxing by Cao Cao, Good Li Xing, Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave by Chen Lin, Seven Wounded Poems by RoyceWong, Poems for the Past by Cai Yan and Poems for the Seven Wounded Poems by Cao Zhi. The second is to express your ideals, ambitions, emotions and ambitions. For example, Cao Cao's "Short Songs" expressed the ideal of making contributions, Serina Liu's "Give My Brother" showed respect for festivals, and Cao Zhi's "White Horse" expressed the lofty aspirations of dying for the country and going through fire and water with the theme of a ranger. In addition, there are some themes of wandering fairies. Generally speaking, Jian 'an literature embodies a strong spirit of realism and enterprising spirit.

Second, the artistic features of Jian 'an literature are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. The main achievement of Jian 'an literature lies in poetry. It inherits and develops the realistic spirit of Han Yuefu, truly reflects the social life of the times, and is rich in content. The reflection on the disorder of the times and the expression of personal feelings have formed a generous and sad main style. Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long Time Series" has an appropriate summary: "When you look at it, it is elegant, good things are scattered in the world, and the wind is long, so it is rich in outline and full of vitality."

2. Generally speaking, Jian 'an literature is open and free. Poetry mainly focuses on learning Yuefu folk songs, which is influenced by Yuefu narrative in Han Dynasty in art, and also strengthens lyricism and changes to literati poetry. Cao Cao's poems have the characteristics of respecting quality and being honest, and the overall orientation of his later poems is gradually becoming gorgeous. In addition to the overall characteristics of the times group, it also has strong individual personality characteristics.

3. Jian 'an poems are mainly composed of five words, including four-character poems and miscellaneous words, among which five words have the highest achievement, paving the way for the development of five-character poems. Prose has many styles, including imperial edicts, recitations, chapter lists, letters, prefaces, eulogies and inscriptions. Ci Fu follows the creative road of lyric poetry in the late Han Dynasty, with a wider range of themes, such as lyricism, chanting things, feeling things, feasting and hunting everywhere.

5. Who can talk about the position of Jian 'an literature in the history of China literature? During the Jian 'an period, poetry, ci fu and articles all developed greatly, especially in the aspect of poetry, which formed the first creation of literati poetry in the history of China literature, fully matured the poetry of Han Yuefu, developed the five-character poetry style and created the seven-character poetry style.

Cao Cao took the lead in breaking through the imprisonment of Confucianism and breaking the prevailing style of writing at that time. His articles were free and easy, and the literati who followed him also responded positively. In the north, not only literature flourished, but also the writing style of a generation was changed.

The literature of this period is called "Jian 'an Literature". Jian 'an literature has made great contributions to the political, economic and cultural development of the Chinese nation, especially to the later cultural development.

2. Introduce a large number of writers in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, such as Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, Cai Wenji and Han Danchun. They expressed their ambition to make contributions with their own frankness, which set off the first literary creation in the history of China's poetry. Because it was the Jian 'an era of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, it was later called Jian 'an literature.

Jian 'an is the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. Jian 'an literature, which is usually referred to in the history of literature, refers to the literature from the years before Jian 'an to the last year of Wei Mingdi (239). In fact, it is the literature under the rule of Cao Shi forces, and its creation is mainly in the Jian 'an period. Representative writers mainly include Cao Zhi's father and son (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi), seven sons of Jian 'an (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy, Serina Liu) and Cai Yan.

6. Who can tell us the position of Jian 'an literature in the history of China literature? During the Jian 'an period, poetry, ci fu and articles all developed greatly, especially in the aspect of poetry, which formed the first creation of literati poetry in the history of China literature, fully matured the poetry of Han Yuefu, developed the five-character poetry style and created the seven-character poetry style. Cao Cao took the lead in breaking through the imprisonment of Confucianism and breaking the prevailing style of writing at that time. His articles were free and easy, and the literati who followed him also responded positively. In the north, not only literature flourished, but also the writing style of a generation was changed. The literature of this period is called "Jian 'an Literature". Jian 'an literature has made great contributions to the political, economic and cultural development of the Chinese nation, especially to the later cultural development.

Step 2 introduce

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a large number of writers, such as Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi, Cai Wenji, Han Danchun, etc. With their frankness, they expressed their ambition to make contributions and set off the first literary creation in the history of China's poetry. Because it was the Jian 'an era of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, it was later called Jian 'an literature.

Jian 'an is the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. Jian 'an literature, which is usually referred to in the history of literature, refers to the literature from the years before Jian 'an to the last year of Wei Mingdi (239). In fact, it was influenced by Cao Shi, and its creation was mainly in the Jian 'an period. Representative writers mainly include Cao Zhi's father and son (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi), seven sons of Jian 'an (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy, Serina Liu) and Cai Yan.

7. Kong Rong (153-208), a representative figure of Jian 'an literature, was a writer at the end of Han Dynasty.

One of the seven sons of Jian 'an. The word Wenju was born in Lu (now Qufu, Shandong Province).

The twentieth grandson of Confucius. Among the seven sons, he is the oldest, and his political attitude is different from that of the other six sons.

At that time, Xian Di was a doctor in Beihai (Shouguang, Shandong), known as Kong Beihai in the world, and served as a young doctor, a large and medium-sized doctor and so on. Informal, arrogant and upright.

He was killed for criticizing Cao Cao. His prose is flowery and uses parallel prose, but it can convey the spirit with qi and has new changes.

Cao Pi's Dian Lun Thesis called him: "He is tall and wonderful, and he has something extraordinary. However, you can't hold a theory, which is unreasonable. "

The representative works "On Xiaozhang Sheng's Book" and "Commending Mi Fei's Table" all show this feature. There are only seven poems left, among which "Miscellaneous Poems: The First Poem of Zhongshan Yanyan" has lofty mind and generous words; Farewell to New Travelers is about bereavement, full of * * *.

Chen Lin (? ~2 17), a writer between Han and Wei dynasties. One of the "seven sons of Jian 'an".

The word Kong Zhang. Guangling Sheyang (now southeast of Huai 'an County, Jiangsu Province) was born.

There is no exact research on the date of birth, but I know that I am older in the "Jian 'an Seven Sons", which is similar to Kong Rong. In the last years of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, he served as the master book of general blades.

Blade was summoned to Luoyang, the capital, to punish the eunuch. Chen Lin tried to dissuade them, but blades refused to accept. Finally defeated and killed. Dong Zhuo abused Luoyang, and Chen Lin took refuge in Jizhou and entered Yuan Shao's account.

Yuan Shao has written many articles and military documents. The most famous is "Pulling Zhou Yuwen for Yuan Shao", which recounts Cao Cao's crimes and denounces his father and ancestors. It's very inflammatory. In the fifth year of Jian 'an (200), Yuan Shao was defeated in World War I, and Chen Lin was captured by Cao Jun.

Fuck love, don't blame people, plan wine and strategist, and make Ruan co-manage the archives. Later, he turned to be the supervisor of the Prime Minister.

In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), Serina Liu, Ying and Xu died of epidemic diseases. Chen Lin's works, according to the original collection of the Annals of Sui Shu Classics 10, have been lost.

Collection of Chen Jishi compiled by Zhang Pu in Ming Dynasty was included in Collection of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 133. Wang Can (177~2 17) was a poet during the Han and Wei Dynasties. One of the "seven sons of Jian 'an".

The word Zhong Xuan. Yang Shan Gaoping (now Jinxiang County, Shandong Province) was born.

Great-grandfather Wang Gonghe used to rank among the three fairs. My father Wang Qian has a long history as a general.

RoyceWong became famous at a young age and was appreciated by the famous scholar Cai Yong. In seventeen years, Stuart Biju named Huangmen assistant minister; At that time, Dong Zhuogang was punished, and his party Li□ and Guo Si made an insurrection in Chang 'an and went to Jingzhou to shepherd Liu Biao without being called.

Wang can lived in Jingzhou for 16 years. Liu Biao is not very important because he is ugly and weak. In the autumn of the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), Cao Cao conquered Jingzhou and persuaded Liu Cong, the son of Liu Biao, to surrender to Jingzhou.

Cao Cao called him Prime Minister and made him Commissioner. Later, he was transferred to the military sub-district to offer wine. In the 18th year of Jian 'an (2 13), Wei was founded, and China people were worshipped.

In the winter of the twenty-first year of Jian 'an (2 16), he was drafted into the army and died on his way back to Yecheng the following spring. There are 23 poems by RoyceWong and more than 20 poems by RoyceWong.

Wang Canji (1 1), deforestation set (3) and hero of the late Han Dynasty (10) are recorded in The Annals of Sui Shu Classics, which have all been lost. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Yan compiled Wang Shizhong Collection 1 Volume, which was included in Records of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 130 Volume.

Xu Gan (170~2 17) was a writer during the Han and Wei Dynasties. One of the seven sons of Jian 'an.

This word is very long. People from Beihai County (now near Changle, Shandong Province).

Teenagers study hard and concentrate on reading classics. At the end of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, the children of the imperial clan formed the gate of party power and competed for fame. Xu Gan was shut out and lived in a poor place.

In the early years of Jian 'an, Cao Cao called on Sikong military adviser, offered wine and sacrifices, and turned to literature. A few years later, he resigned due to illness, and Cao Cao specially commended him.

Since then, he was awarded the above-mentioned Ai Chang, but he was also ill. In February of the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), Xu Gan died of a plague.

Xu Gan's book "Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi", which has five volumes, has been lost. Yang Dezhou in the Ming Dynasty and Chen in the Qing Dynasty added 6 volumes of Xu Wei Long Collection, which included seven sub-collections of Jian 'an.

Zhonglun has two volumes, and four copies of Qingzhou editions of Jiajing and Yijiu in Ming Dynasty. 6th floor Ruan Yu Ruan Yu (? ~2 12), a writer between Han and Wei dynasties.

One of the seven sons of Jian 'an. The character is in.

Chen Liuwei (now Henan) was born. I studied in Cai Yong when I was young.

At the beginning of Jian 'an, Cao Cao lived in seclusion, and was called as a strategist to offer a drink and was in charge of the archives. At that time, most military documents were written by Ruan Yu and Chen Lin.

Later, he moved to Cang as prime minister. Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi recorded five volumes of Ruan Yu, which has been lost.

Ruan Ji compiled by Zhang Yan in Ming Dynasty is included in Records of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties 130. Angelababy Angelababy (? -2 17) writers in the late Han dynasty.

The word Delian. Runan (now Henan) people.

One of the "seven sons of Jian 'an". Nephew of Ying Shao, a writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

It is famous for its articles by Brother Ying (Hugh Lian) and Qu Zizhen. Cao Cao called as prime minister and turned to Pingyin Hou Gaizi; Later, it was the literature of the five senses corps commander.

In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), he died of epidemic disease. Cao Pi called him talented, and the Quality Book written with Wu He praised him: "De Lian is always brilliant and has the intention of writing, and his talent is enough to write a book.

Unfortunately, ambition is not successful! "But there are not many handed down works. Today, there are more than 10 poems and 9 poems. The representative poem "Poems with Five Senses Setting Chapters and Stations" has a sad tone.

Liu Liu Zhen Zhen (? ~2 17), a writer between Han and Wei dynasties. One of the seven sons of Jian 'an.

Word business. Dongping (now Shandong) people.

Father Liu Liang, read your literature. During the Jian 'an period, Serina Liu was called a subordinate of the Prime Minister by Cao Cao.

I have a good relationship with the Cao Pi brothers. Later, Zhen Shi, the wife of Cao Pi, served hard labor for disrespectful crimes, and was later exempted from being a petty official.

In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), he died of epidemic disease. Serina Liu's four-volume Economic Annals of Sui Shu and Shi Mao Literature and Art 10 have been lost.

In Ming Dynasty, Zhang Pu compiled Liu Gonggan Collection, which was included in 103 collections of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties.

8. What is Jian 'an Literature? It was a literature from a few years before Jian 'an to the last year of Wei Mingdi (239). In fact, it was a literature under the rule of Cao Shi forces, and its creation was mainly in Jian 'an period.

Representative writers mainly include Cao Zhi's father and son (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi), seven sons of Jian 'an (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy, Serina Liu) and Cai Yan. Jian 'an writers expressed their ambition to make contributions with their own frankness, which set off the first literary creation in the history of China's poetry.

Because it was the Jian 'an era of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, it was later called Jian 'an literature, also called Jian 'an character. Extended data:

The ideological style of Jian 'an literature: (1) Outstanding achievements and lofty political ideals.

The turmoil at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty made Jian 'an literati suffer from disorder, and also stimulated their political enthusiasm. It has become their ideal pursuit to make contributions and make a name for themselves.

Cao Cao took the world as his own duty "to make the vassals attach themselves to the son of heaven". Cao Pi's Liyang Poem wrote three stories about Cao Jun's expedition to the south, which not only described the hardships of marching, but also highlighted his determination to "save the people" and the purpose of "quelling chaos", and made great achievements, making him famous for future generations. (2) lament that life is short.

At that time, social unrest caused untold suffering, diseases and epidemics prevailed, and many people lived short lives. Facing the short and difficult life, Jian 'an literati adopted three attitudes. One is lamenting that Ruan Ji's seven-wound poems suddenly turned to dust.

One is to lament that the years are short, but the fame has not been established, but it is still fighting for it. For example, Cao Zhi's "To Xu Zhuo".

Third, strive to break through the limitations of fate and pursue higher life value in your lifetime. For example, Cao Cao's "Although the tortoise lives long".

(3) the pain of chaos. Social unrest, people suffer from chaos.

For example, Cai Yan's Poem of Sorrow and Anger misses his parents and sighs infinitely. Wrote the pain of leaving chaos.

(4) It has a strong tragic color. For example, Chen Lin's "Drinking Horses in the Cave of the Great Wall" describes the pain and disaster caused by heavy corvee in the name of building the Great Wall.