Excellent teaching case of high school Chinese language "Pipa Xing"

1. Teaching objectives

(1) Knowledge and ability objectives

1. Understand Bai Juyi’s life and poetry style;

2. Understand the artistic characteristics of this poem and learn how to describe music;

3. Taste the artistic conception of the poem, analyze the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet in the poem, and cultivate students' ability to understand the characters' thoughts and feelings;

4. Cultivate students’ inquiry abilities during discussions.

(2) Process and Method Objectives

1. By playing the documentary "The Rhythm of the Tang Dynasty? Bai Juyi and New Yuefu", students can improve their understanding of Bai Juyi and his poetic style from a perceptual understanding to a rational understanding. ;

2. The teacher reads the poem to the music, and during the reading process, uses music that fits the artistic conception of the poem and emotional language to make students resonate and find the poetic beauty of the language;

3. Use the background music "Pipa Song" to allow students to enjoy beauty in the classroom, and learn the poet's description of the changes in music to fully demonstrate students' associations and imagination;

4. Let students Enjoy the discussion and learn about the tragic life experience of the singing girl in the Middle Tang Dynasty and the poet's frustrated exile, so that students can have a comprehensive understanding of the theme of the poem.

5. Practice music and practice writing, allowing students to express their emotions while appreciating music, and use teacher's essays to stimulate students' interest in writing.

(3) Emotion, attitude, and value goals

1. To enable students to be influenced by excellent culture and cultivate their love for Chinese classical literature;

2. Cultivate students’ aesthetic taste, enrich students’ emotions, and achieve heart-to-heart integration between teachers, students, and lyrical protagonists;

3. Promote students’ balanced and individual development to form a healthy and beautiful attitude and values ??towards life.

2. Design Concept

This is an era of pursuing personal value, and it is also an era of advocating "economic animals". Regarding Chinese, my heart is more filled with worry and sadness, and I am full of panic: has the poetry of Chinese been lost? The students’ emotions have become empty? The background of fierce competition and the main theme of cruel examinations have accelerated the pace of life and deprived students of their knowledge. It inspired students’ soaring thoughts, melodious singing, and rich emotions. The beautiful essays that once excited students no longer do so. A student who is indifferent to life, emotionally dry and empty is unimaginable, and a class with a rigid format and lack of communication is also unimaginable.

What if the Zen barrier is broken, and the beauty is like a jade sword or a rainbow? In the struggle of the soul and the whirlwind of emptiness, the Chinese curriculum standards clearly propose three dimensions as the standards for curriculum, goals, content, and implementation evaluation, reflecting a new philosophical thinking. The first dimension of the three dimensions is knowledge and ability; the second dimension is process and method; and the third dimension is emotion, attitude and value. These three dimensions penetrate and blend with each other, spreading greenery in the poetic and emotional wasteland of Chinese teaching; reconstructing the palace of truth, goodness and beauty in the spiritual wasteland.

"Pipa Xing" is a typical case of my teaching of poetry and emotion in the classroom. ?Poetry and calligraphy come from China? Ancient wisdom and classic knowledge all have the value of benefiting people's minds, refreshing people's temperament, optimizing temperament, and nourishing life. The choice of Chinese texts is increasingly leaning towards humanities, and Chinese classes There is also more and more emphasis on the expression of students' emotions, attitudes, and values. The teaching of "Pipa Xing" is the touching of the heart, a process of being moved by others and moving others. The relationship between teachers and students is an emotional dialogue and exchange of ideas. The students have achieved spiritual integration with the Pipa Girl and the lyrical protagonist Bai Juyi. , the interpenetration of souls. This kind of communication and integration is not empty, it is achieved through the study, taste and speculation of language and characters.

Literature is written by emotion, and poetry is written by songs. The case of "Pipa Xing" aims to cultivate students' aesthetic taste, enrich students' emotions, and allow students to feel the love and ethics of humanity in history and reality in the poetic classroom. The respect of kindness and humanity can make students feel the breadth and depth of human spiritual civilization and arouse students' love and tenderness for life.

3. Teaching process

First lesson

(1) Play the documentary "The Rhythm of the Tang Dynasty? Bai Juyi and the New Yuefu".

(2) The teacher reads the text to music.

Second Lesson

(1) Introduction Design

1. Theory: Expressing emotions is the most common point between music and poetry, and this poem is the response. It is composed with pipa music, so the introduction with music went smoothly, and a sentimental and sad artistic conception was created at the beginning of the class.

2. Introduction: A blind man was about to pass away and said to others: "How I want to see the sunshine and all the beautiful things in the world!" People invited Mozart. Mozart played a piece of music on the violin, and the blind man shed tears and said: "I saw it, I saw it! I saw the sunshine, flowers, birds, and rivers." ?The blind man left the world with joy and satisfaction. After listening to Tchaikovsky's "Andante Cantabile", the great Russian writer Tolstoy burst into tears and said: "I have touched the soul of the Russian nation." ?Wonderful music can arouse the excitement of people with different experiences and different moods. The affectionate performance of the pipa girl in "Pipa Line" made the poet shed tears, and sighed: "We are both fallen people in the world, why should we know each other before we meet?"

What kind of music made this Jiangzhou Sima's green shirt wet? (Motion design: The teacher played "Pipa Song" while talking.)

(2) Who understands Pipa? Sound

1. Concept: The main music of this poem is "Pipa Song". The charm of classical music lies in its ability to infect audiences of different ages and classes. This session aims to build an emotional bridge between "Pipa Music" and students, so that students can understand Bai Juyi's profound perception of the sound of the piano, understand Bai Juyi's superb art of describing music from the perspective of art appreciation, and understand the poetry of the Chinese text.

2. Process

Question: What did you hear from "Pipa Song"?

Clarity: Pipa Girl's feelings about her life experience; Pipa Girl Disciple There is beauty and talent, and sighs about the injustice of fate; even though the pipa girl is playing the music, we feel the helplessness of our lives.

Question: How many times did the poet hear the sound of the pipa?

Clearly: The poet heard the sound of the pipa three times. The first time is when the poet saw off the guests and heard the sound of the piano; the second time was when they met each other, and the pipa girl played the music, which is the key description; the third time was when he felt my words and reconciled.

Question: Among the many listeners, who can truly understand the sound of the pipa?

Teachers and students discussed together: The one who can understand the sound of the pipa is probably none other than Bai Juyi . From the ups and downs of pipa tunes, Bai Juyi captured the emotional and life changes of the pipa girls. The poet's description of the pipa tunes and the pipa girl's self-narration can be consistent. The second pipa sound can be divided into four parts;

The first part is the "prelude": "The rotating shaft plucking the strings three or two times, and there is emotion before the tune is formed." The strings muffle the sounds and thoughts, seeming to complain of failure in life. ?On the Xunyang River, the wind is cold and the moon is cold, and the pipa girl is alone in the empty boat, feeling lonely and desolate.

The second part is "Happy Song": The strong contrast in life naturally evokes her affectionate memories of the past life. ?Lightly gathered, slowly twisted and wiped, then picked again, first "Neon Shang" and later "Liu Yao". The big strings are as noisy as the rain, and the small strings are as loud as whispers. The bullets are noisy and mixed, and big and small beads fall on the jade plate. ?At this time, the cheerful, clear, crisp and melodious sound of the pipa, rising and falling, intertwined into an ups and downs and vivid movement, singing the pipa girl's hot youth. In her youth, she was a woman of extraordinary beauty and well-known in Beijing. When she was young in Wuling, she was vying for the top spot and sang countless red silk songs. Successful honors and drunken songs constituted her entire life.

How could she not remember all this, so the melody became crisp, mellow, brisk and soothing. And "big beads and small beads falling on the jade plate" are more like the past, filled with laughter, which is unforgettable.

The third part is "Meditation": My brother left to join the army, my aunt died, the dusk passed and the morning came, my appearance was old, the Pipa girl was old and beautiful, her life changed, her family was left in the cold, she was forced to make a living. ?The eldest son married a businessman? Recalling this, how can the pipa girl not be heartbroken? The orioles are talking about the slippery bottom of the flower, and it is hard to swallow the ice under the ice of the spring. It is as smooth and sweet as the singing oriole chirping among the flowers. It's like a person crying in a low voice, with a choked throat, and like spring water under the ice, with a vaginal blockage that makes it difficult to pass through. It's like crying, like pharynx, like breaking and continuing. ?The ice spring is cold and the strings are condensed, and the condensation will never pass the sound for a while. Don't have the deep sorrow and secret hatred. ?Describes the sound getting deeper and deeper, even stopping. ?At this time, silence is better than sound. The melody became cold and condensed, and the sound of music paused. The change of fate made the Pipa Girl fall into deep thinking at this time, allowing the audience to imagine and feel the Pipa Girl's sadness and hatred, so the temporary Silence can tug at people's heartstrings better than the continuous sonorous sounds, adding a layer of contrast: sound and silence.

The fourth part is "Song of Sorrow and Indignation": "The silver bottle is broken and water slurries burst out, and the cavalry stands out with swords and guns." At the end of the song, the plectrum is carefully drawn, and the four strings sound like cracking silk. ?The mood of this piece of music is high, and it is by no means a looming change in the future. Instead, it expresses the pipa girl's sense of injustice and resentment towards her fate with a vigorous, rapid and shocking rhythm. The injured heart of the Pipa Girl longed for the comfort of love, but her ruthless husband valued profit over separation, so she often stayed alone. This reality made her even more miserable and filled with regret. Therefore, the sound of music is like the water slurry bursting out of a silver vase, or the sound of swords and guns on cavalry. The high-pitched and passionate melody is her angry accusation against the world's emphasis on sex over talent and her husband's emphasis on profit and unenthusiasm. With one stroke of the plectrum, the sound of "four strings is like cracking silk" is an angry wail, and it is also a fight against unfair social reality and destiny.

Question: Bai Juyi is not only an expert in appreciating music, but also a master in describing music. How did Bai Juyi convey the beauty of the pipa sound?

Clear: ① Use metaphors to describe the beauty of music. For example? The big strings are noisy like the rain; the small strings are like whispers; the big beads are falling on the jade plate; the orioles are whispering in between; the flowers are slippery; the springs are flowing under the ice, and the ice springs are cold and the strings are condensing; the condensation will never make any sound. Pause? The silver vase is broken, water slurry bursts out? The cavalry protrudes, swords and guns sound? The sound of the four strings is like cracking silk?

② Use musical effects to describe the beauty of music. ?Suddenly I heard the sound of pipa on the water, and the host forgot to return and the guest did not play. The music was wonderful and amazing because the host forgot to return and the guest did not play. ?The boats in the east and west are silent, only seeing the white moon in the autumn in the heart of the river? People are moved by the music, and their hearts are immersed in the music. ?Speechless? is better than responding with warm applause or cheers. This is A kind of "silence is better than sound at this time", which sets off the superb and charming music. ?The sad sound is not like the forward sound. Everyone in the audience is crying after hearing it again. Who in the audience cried the most? Jiangzhou Sima's green shirt is wet?", which fully expresses the touching power of music. The author is good at combining musical effects with environmental atmosphere and character emotions to create a musical world at the same time.

③You can also appreciate the beauty of music from the pipa girl’s playing skills. ?The rotating shaft plucks the strings three or two times, and there is emotion before the tune is formed. The strings muffle the sounds and thoughts, seeming to complain of a life of failure. The formalities of the letter with a low eyebrow are continued, and the infinite things in the heart are said.

(3) Who understands the tears of Qingshan

1. Concept: From the one-way understanding of Pipa Girl to the theme, we are both fallen people in the world, why do we have to know each other before we meet?, student , the pipa girl, and the poet have emotional exchanges.

2. Process

Question: The man sheds tears easily because he has not reached the point of sadness. Why did the poet Bai Juyi shed tears in front of an unknown pipa girl? Who can understand the poet's mood at this time?

Clearly: the poet hurt both the pipa girl and himself.

Although they have different origins and experiences, they also have similarities:

One is a girl from the capital, and the other resigned from the capital last year. They both came from Chang'an, the capital, to the remote Jiangzhou;

One is a famous artist in Kyoto, the other is a talented poet, both have outstanding talents;

One married a businessman because of his age and beauty, and the other was punished for being outspoken. Both those who were demoted and relegated had the unfortunate experience of going from prosperity to decline. They were all filled with "sorrow and hatred" and lived a desolate and lonely life.

Pipa girl? I feel like I have been standing for a long time after saying this, but sitting down makes the strings turn sharply. It's so sad that it's not like the forward sound, and everyone in the house weeps when they hear it again. Who cried the most in the audience? Jiangzhou Sima’s green shirt was wet? The emotions contained in the pipa girl's playing at this time seemed to have surpassed the previous two times. She was sad for herself and for the Jiangzhou Sima. Who understands Qingshan's tears without saying a word, just because? They are both in the end of the world. When people meet, why should they have known each other before?

(4) Who understands the meaning of scenery and things

1. Concept: The blending of scenes has always been an important means of expressing emotions. Scenery can heighten the atmosphere, enable students to better understand the emotions of the lyrical protagonist, and generate excitement.

2. Process

Question: Have I ever written such a couplet? The dead vines and old trees all become poems, and the small bridges and flowing water all form part of the painting. ?Hengpiao: Scene blending. The scene is that of a family. The poet did not describe the music in isolation, but incorporated the autumn night river scene into the poem. While listening to the music, find sentences describing scenery and talk about their relationship with emotions.

Clearly: "Seeing off guests on the Xunyang River on the first night, with maple leaves and flowers rustling in autumn?" It describes the environment when seeing off guests in Jiangdong. The river water, maple leaves, and pomegranate flowers on the autumn night form a clear and picturesque artistic conception, making people suddenly feel the coolness of autumn, conveying the poet's desolate and melancholy mood, and setting the emotional tone for the whole poem.

"The vast river dips in the moon when we say goodbye" describes the scene of farewell and uses the moonlight of the autumn river to highlight the relative silence and sadness between the host and the guest. The poet's sadness at this time is as boundless as the vast river, and his mood at this time is as chaotic as the broken and turbulent moon shadow in the river. The vast river water and the melting moonlight are all filled with the poet's mood of separation, and at the same time, a sad atmosphere is prepared for the sound of pipa on the water. ?Only See the Autumn Moon in the Heart of the River and the White Moon?, writing about the silent environment at the end of the music. The music ends, but its emotions are still spreading, penetrating into the heart of the river illuminated by the autumn moon, and it seems that the autumn moon in the heart of the river is also moved by the emotions in the music. The blend of scenes enhances the music effect and creates an evocative artistic conception.

? Around the boat, the moon is bright and the river is cold?, it describes the environment where the pipa girl is alone in the empty boat, exaggerating the pipa girl's desolate and desolate mood;

? Yellow reeds and bitter bamboos surround the house?, It writes about the poet's living environment and exaggerates the poet's loneliness and desolation after being demoted.

In short, every branch and leaf is always related to love. The scenery in the poem has become an image full of emotions, making the entire poem "Pipa Xing" seem to be immersed in the melancholy moonlight at the head of the Xunyang River, which is poignant and sad.

(5) The practice of literature and music

1. Concept: This link is an extension of the teaching of "Pipa Xing", aiming to cultivate students' aesthetic taste for literature and stimulate students' emotion.

2. Practice: Bai Juyi could hear the pain of the pipa girl from the sound of the pipa and sang along with it. Can we also hear our own voices from the music? Let’s also listen to a piece of music. , if you have feelings, convert it into words.

3. Teacher sample essay:

Enjoying loneliness at zero o'clock

I am a quiet singer. I have heard the humbleness and ugliness, and seen the helplessness. and injustice, trapped in too many old habits and disobedience.

At midnight, I watched the darkness swallow me up little by little, and my heart was full of tenderness that wanted to cry; when I opened my eyes, all I saw was loneliness. I don’t know when I started, but I always like to savor loneliness at zero o’clock.

Ask yourself: Are you happy? Yes, happiness; happiness is already in your arms, happiness is your husband’s affectionate care, happiness is your daughter’s cute smile.

Ask yourself: Are you lonely? Yes, loneliness; loneliness follows you like a shadow. Loneliness is the heart of a wanderer who is a stranger in a foreign land. Loneliness is the love of parents that is deeply missed.

Some people are afraid of loneliness, some people like loneliness, but I appreciate loneliness.

In this crowded and noisy world, in this busy and disorderly environment, it is rare to have the opportunity to taste solitude and experience that quiet moment alone.

Only by appreciating loneliness can we protect love, by understanding loneliness can we cherish friendship, and by entering loneliness can we value family ties.

To savor loneliness at midnight, you can think about nothing, or you can make a cup of coffee, listen to a song, write an article, and miss everything?

4. Teaching postscript

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(1) Case analysis

This case is based on the theme: "We are both fallen people at the end of the world, why should we have known each other before meeting?", with Pipa music as a clue, and the lessons are full of poetry and painting. Students' emotions were also aroused. But there are also many regrets: First, the students' literary accomplishment is not high. Although it is an easy-to-understand and sincere poem, and the text has detailed annotations, there are still students who do not understand certain poems, which affects their aesthetic appreciation. The second is that students’ ability to appreciate classical music is not high. Due to the influence of modern and contemporary pop music, they cannot immediately integrate into the music, and their understanding of the music is slow; the third is that the students’ language expression ability is lacking, and the expression It is relatively plain and popular, and the poetry of the language cannot be brought into full play. But overall, this class still achieved the goal of returning to the poetry of Chinese language and stimulating students' emotions.

(2) Teaching summary and reflection

The goal of Chinese teaching is to comprehensively improve students’ Chinese literacy, cultivate aesthetic and inquiry abilities, and promote students’ balanced and individual development. To regain the poetry of Chinese language, we must first make teachers full of poetry; to stimulate students' emotions, we must first make teachers full of emotions. Through repeated practice and thinking, I have found some ways to make Chinese language poetic and teachers full of emotions.

1. Teachers must be full of wisdom and stay away from vulgarity and superficiality. In the teaching of "Pipa Xing", students' low literary accomplishment is not an isolated phenomenon. Even among teachers, there is a phenomenon that they cannot prepare for class without teaching staff. Educator Xiao Chuan explained it this way: If a person has never experienced the brilliance of human nature, and has never entered a rich and beautiful spiritual world; if a person has never read a book that makes them excited and never tires of reading it, Then he has not received a truly good education. We must often enter the minds of masters, dialogue with sages, adopt a flexible approach, and use the judgment and appreciation of wise men to make those who are most contemporary, most ideologically valuable, and most valuable in the context of the extraordinary development of modern science and technology. Creative texts enter our field of vision. Reading a lot of books makes teachers full of wisdom, and accumulating knowledge makes teachers free from vulgarity and superficiality.

2. Teachers must have teaching materials in mind and speak out about themselves. Chinese teaching is an expression of true feelings, and teachers should devote themselves wholeheartedly. If Chinese teachers want to give full play to the individual characteristics of Chinese education and explore the poetry of Chinese, it is very important to thoroughly understand the teaching materials, so that they have books in their mind and are familiar with the teaching materials. Speak of yourself. Only when a student learns something can he be interested; if he learns nothing, how can he be interested? That is not to mention stimulating emotions.

3. Teachers must possess the art of teaching. The new curriculum proposes that teachers no longer regard themselves as the sole owners and authorities of curriculum knowledge, and their function will change from "knowledge imparting" to "educational communication". Teachers should simultaneously implement interpersonal relationships with students with an equal personality and a language that eliminates falsehoods. Communication and spiritual communication. As the Canadian scholar Smith said: "Teaching is a collective activity between teachers and students under the transcendent banner of "thinking". This "thinking" refuses to end human beings in the name of a prior purpose. Interactions with people. Education is actually about teachers and students sharing the spiritual wealth of mankind, which means that teachers are more about showing, not instilling; it is equal transmission, not condescending charity.

Students' learning is no longer a burden but a pleasure, like a spring breeze. Excellent educational art makes the education process smooth and teachers and students cooperate closely; on the contrary, it will be difficult for education to continue.

4. Teachers should cultivate students’ language sense. Among all human activities, language best expresses the characteristics of human beings. People think and live in language; people communicate and communicate in language. The value of Chinese subjects is within language, not outside Chinese. The value of Chinese subjects depends on the value of language. Language sense is to focus on people’s perception, understanding and grasp of language. The highest state of Chinese teaching is that the teacher's language sense, the author's language sense and the students' language sense resonate through the text's language, so that the teacher's heart, the author's heart and the student's heart communicate and integrate in the text's language. In language sense teaching, the teacher is not just a candle, he can also be a handicraft maker, a creative designer, and an artist who can appreciate his works. He can develop an affinity for language works, and then be satisfied and promoted. He can use ignited art to ignite the flame of the soul, burn students' perception and imagination, release the power of emotion, wisdom and morality, and push students to continue Become a "person".