Who knows what's going on in Yuan Chonghuan? Is Zhang Tingyu a dog or not? What exactly did Yuan Chonghuan say in Guo Que?

Yuan Chonghuan is regarded as a traitor:

1. Sacrificing the "victory" gained by Juehua Island

In the first month of the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), when the food shortage in the latter Jin Dynasty was in trouble, Yuan Chonghuan disobeyed orders and insisted on not evacuating a large number of food, materials, trench and ships on Juehua Island to a safe area in the rear, and also stranded the soldiers and civilians on the island. In fact, Yuan's adult has already received the spy report of the invasion of the late Jin Dynasty, so his intention to give up Juehua Island is very suspicious. In essence, in the whole process, it was Yuan's adult who "lost the army without counting, and covered up the defeat for success".

Second, facing the emptiness of Shenyang, he refused to cooperate with friendly forces and allies.

When the late Jin attacked North Korea in order to break the economic and military blockade of the Ming Dynasty, Lord Yuan once again disobeyed orders. In the emptiness of Shenyang, he insisted on not rescuing North Korea, refused to cooperate with Dongjiang Town, and held his ground and implemented "wait and see to support the enemy". Only after being urged by the imperial court twice in a row did he perfunctory things, not only let the late Jin make North Korea yield to it, It also led to the disappointment and chilling of Mongolian tribes in the middle of "Ming and Jin" to the Ming Dynasty, which paved the way for the final refuge in the latter Jin Dynasty. Dongjiang Town also suffered losses, lost the land provided by North Korea, and was cut off from the ordnance and food provided by North Korea, which made Dongjiang Town resettle refugees and attack the latter Jin. Most of the logistics supplies were lost, and these expenses would have to be borne by the Ming court in the future, which brought a huge burden to the Ming Dynasty finance, which was already very tight at that time. Adult Yuan's obstinate attitude and bad influence are very suspicious.

Third, the bizarre and slow progress in repairing the city

In order to complete the construction of the city as soon as possible, Lord Yuan gave up coordinating with friendly forces and allies, but his "progress" could not keep up with his own boasting speed. Dongjiang Town and North Korea were attacked from the first month of the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627) to April. Before that, Yuan's adult began to build the Daling River and Youtun Wei. Two or three months later, when the latter Jin attacked Yuan's adult's city, Youtun and Dalinghe city were not finished ... If it was more than half a year since the latter Jin attacked Dongjiang Town and North Korea, it would be a very long time.

from the day after the first month of the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), Jin besieged Ningyuan and burned Juehua Island, and it took a whole year in the first month of next year, during which the latter Jin did not invade the south. In April of the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626), Jin conquered Mongolia once, and then turned back because Mao Wenlong copied Anshan. Nurhachi died on August 11th of the same year, and was hunted by Mao Wenlong in Shenyang and Salhu before his death. After Nurhachi's death, Jin spent several months fighting for the position of Khan. During this period, Jin had no energy to fight abroad. In the first month of the following year (1627), he invaded North Korea, and there was no action on Yuan's side. At this time, Yuan's adult was still "making peace" with Jin, so he should have enough time to repair the city, adding up to one and a half years, but he had not finished it when Jin attacked.

Later, the Jin army took the Ming army's unfinished cities of Daling River and Youtunwei lightly. When it attacked Ningyuan, it occupied Tashan and other places, and destroyed them when it retreated. Although Yuan Chonghuan held on to "Ning and Jin", almost all the cities he tried to build by "negotiating peace" were scrapped, and he also sacrificed North Korea and Dongjiang Town. Yuan Chonghuan's so-called "if the enemy knows, the three cities will be finished, and the war will be closed 4 miles away, and the golden soup will be solid" will come to nothing; Yuan Chonghuan's so-called "If the city is not finished and the enemy arrives, it will be withdrawn, which will be a success" has become a reality, while "Therefore, it is a great failure to take advantage of the enemy to have something to do with Jiangdong, and the aunt said to make peace". Huang Taiji did not have the sincerity to negotiate peace at all, but instead "slowed down" Yuan's soldiers and attacked Jinzhou and Ningyuan immediately after attacking Dongjiang and North Korea. Yuan's bizarre and slow progress in repairing the city made him sacrifice the time that Dongjiang Town and North Korea bought, and failed to complete the construction of the city. This is related to his previous refusal to coordinate with allies and friendly forces, which makes people doubt his real motivation of repairing the city without coordination.

Fourth, deliberately leading the Ming army to death

Yuan Chonghuan was criticized for not saving Jinzhou during the "Ningjin War" and resigned as "demoralized", and his post was taken over by Wang Zhichen in Shanhaiguan Pass. At this time, Yan Mingtai, the governor of Ji Liao, asked to give up Jinzhou, and many people in the court opposed the establishment of "Ningjin Defense Line". At the same time, the front-line generals of the Ming Dynasty also raised objections to keeping Jinzhou. You Shilu, the chief soldier stationed there, said that Jinzhou "was ruined by rain, and it was uninhabitable" (Volume 17 of Facts of Three Dynasties and Liao Dynasty) demanded to evacuate to Xingshan. The garrison commander in Tashan thought that Tashan was not a place to defend, and wanted to "relocate"

(The Facts of Three Dynasties and Liao Dynasty, Volume 17). Although Huo Weihua, assistant minister of the Ministry of War, thinks that Chengdu can't give up easily, according to the objections of the generals, he can't help but sum up: "If the thief arrives, the wall will be clear."

Among many opinions on giving up Jinzhou, Yan Mingtai, the governor of Jiliao, was the most forceful and used the harshest words: "Jinzhou is a remote and secluded Olympic area, which was not a brief place. On that day, it was a mistake to discuss and repair, and it was a pity to scratch half of Gankun with just a few bullets. Although fortunately, nothing happened, it was also in jeopardy. Stealing today, Jinzhou can only be suspended as a virtual reality, and Shenfu is a real one. It can only be set as a live game, and Shenfu mud is a dead game. " A Record of the Seven Years of the Apocalypse in July.

In fact, many generals and ministers think that Jinzhou is untenable mainly because of its special terrain. Jinzhou is located between Xiaoling River and Daling River. When you go from Ningyuan to Jinzhou, you have to go through Tashan, Songshan and Xingshan to reach Xiaoling River. If any place is restricted, Jinzhou will be cut off from the rear. Yuan Chonghuan could not effectively reinforce Zhao Lvjiao during the "Ningjin War" and Hong Chengchou could not rescue Zu Dashou during the "Songjin War" because of this geographical defect. During the war of liberation, Chiang Kai-shek's absolute superiority in land, sea and air was also blocked in Tashan, and eventually he could not reinforce Jinzhou and suffered defeat. It can be seen that Jinzhou is too difficult to reinforce, and once it is besieged, it can't be rescued. If Mao Shuai hadn't attacked Liaoyang, an important town in the late Jin Dynasty, Huang Taiji wouldn't have withdrawn so quickly. Later, the failure of the Ming army in the Songjin War would be staged in advance. Therefore, Yan Mingtai, the governor at that time, said when commenting on the "Ningjin War": "Fortunately, nothing happened, but it was also in jeopardy", and he advocated that "Jinzhou can only be suspended as a virtual reality, and it can only be set as a live game, and Shenfu mud is a dead game". His assertion fully foresees the results of two people who will eventually turn Jinzhou into a "stand-off" in the future, namely Yuan Chonghuan and Hong Chengchou ~!

After extensive and careful discussions among the generals and ministers of the Ming Dynasty and a serious and profound summary of practical lessons, Jinzhou finally gave up until February of the following year. It should be said that at this time, Wang Zhichen gave up Jinzhou and kept Ningyuan, which not only complied with Yan Mingtai's opinion, but also returned to the road of Sun Chengzong's success in keeping Liao for four years.

By March of the first year of Chongzhen, the Ming army had completely abandoned Jinzhou, Tashan and Xingshan. On May 11th of that year, Huang Taiji sent Abatai and Yue Tuo to lead 3, troops, which destroyed Jinzhou, Gao Qiao and Xingshan, and destroyed 31 stations east of Thirteen Mountains. The tenth volume of Manchu Old Files recorded this event. In addition, "The Chronicle of Emperor Taizong of Qing Dynasty" records: "Xin Wei in May, Ming people abandoned Jinzhou. Baylor Abatai and others led 3, troops to the three cities of Jinzhou, Xingshan and Gao Qiao, and destroyed pier 21 east of thirteen stations. "

Judging from the fact that the late Jin Dynasty occupied Jinzhou and gave up, Huang Taiji, who paid a heavy price to attack Jinzhou, actually didn't want Jinzhou at all. His purpose of attacking Jinzhou was just to destroy the Ming army and plunder the grain in the city, which is enough to show that Jinzhou is not a "brief place", and Yan Mingtai's assertion has come true.

Before the "Ningjin War", Yuan Chonghuan wasted the national financial resources and sacrificed the soldiers guarding the border for Jinzhou, and gave up the coordination, which led to heavy losses of friendly forces and compromise of allies to the enemy. However, when Yuan returned to office, he used the absurd rhetoric of "defending and fighting, and building a chariot" to "level Liao for five years". Once again, the construction in Jinzhou was heavily carried out, which consumed the country's extremely limited financial and material resources and used silver to build a huge pit in Jinzhou, which eventually led to the complete failure of the Ming army in the "Songjin War". What Lord Yuan did was a very suspicious traitor.

V. Jimen, which intentionally weakened the danger

In the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), Ligdan Khan moved westward, and after the Battle of Zhaocheng, the Mongolian tribe outside Jimen surrendered its troops. In September of the first year of Chongzhen (1628), the Ming Dynasty made an effort to win over 36 families of Duoyan, but failed. At this point, the situation outside the thistle gate became tense, so many ministers in the DPRK proposed that the defense of thistle gate was urgent and must be strengthened.

But Lord Yuan mobilized his troops to enrich the Commissioner at this time, without any intention of strengthening Jiyu Town. There is such a record in "Chongzhen Long Edition": "There are 55,345 soldiers in the customs and 78,34 outside the customs." However, by December, the number of officers and men outside the customs was "more than 71,, and more than 42". The so-called "inside Shanhaiguan Pass" is Jiyu Town, the so-called "outside Shanhaiguan Pass" is Liaodong Town, and the overseers of Jiyu and Liaoning are always in charge of the two towns. The reduction of soldiers in Shanhaiguan Pass is to transfer more than 1, troops from Jiyun Town to Liaodong Town. The soldiers in Liaodong Town did not increase, but decreased slightly because the Commissioner was already engaged in "clearing out" at that time, eliminating the old and weak ranks and enriching them with the elite in Shanhaiguan Pass, so a large number of "reductions" were not formed. This strategy of "eliminating soldiers and reducing staff" was put forward by Lord Yuan. It is recorded in A Record of Chongzhen: "It is ugly in winter and October, and the courtiers are called to the Wenhua Hall to show off the Jinzhou army and Yuan Chonghuan's salary; I beg for permission. Bi Ziyan, the minister in charge of the household department; He also said,' Before worshipping Huan, the cloud eliminated soldiers and reduced the amount, but now what is it? Wang Zaijin said,' Decline and elimination should begin at the age of next year'. " As can be seen from the contents of A Record of Chongzhen, Yuan Da led the elimination of soldiers in Jiyu Town at that time, and Yuan Da mobilized his troops in advance to enrich the Ningjin defense line outside the customs with the elite of Jiyu Town.

In fact, the Ming Dynasty had the time and financial resources to improve the defense capability of Jiyu Town, if Lord Yuan didn't build Jinzhou and increase the garrison in Jinzhou. However, as the DuShi of Ji and Liao towns, Yuan's adult chose to temporarily transfer the defenders of Ningjin to "prepare for the weather" in the way of "increasing the garrison and closing the door", which was extremely irresponsible and completely perfunctory. When Huang Taiji really entered Zunhua, Zhao Lvjiao in Shanhaiguan could only bring three or five thousand people to reinforce, which was enough to show the hypocrisy of Yuan's deployment.

It is not important for many people to discuss whether Jiyu Town belongs to the direct jurisdiction of Yuan's adult. The imperial court is not unaware that Jiyu Town is weak, but the soldiers and expenses are given priority to meet Yuan's Jinzhou, and there is no way to strengthen Jiyu Town. Under the extremely limited resources of the imperial court, the implementation of Yuan's general plan will inevitably lead to "thick" Jinzhou and "thin" Jiyu Town. With this inclination, many people from top to bottom of the imperial court naturally put forward that Jiyu Town should be strengthened.

But Lord Yuan didn't adjust his general plan, but broke away from the dangerous town of Jiyu. Inspector Yuan played Chongzhen, saying, "If you are in harmony with Heaven and other places, you should listen to the governor, and I dare not talk about it beyond my bounds."

It is a despicable practice. His irresponsibility finally led to the breakthrough of Jiyu Town. It should be said that Yuan's general plan of "being thick" in Jinzhou and "being thin" in Jiyu Town is a very outrageous failure.

If Lord Yuan didn't build Jinzhou, which everyone opposed, but had just given up before and was not wanted by Jin, there would be no reason for the Ming Dynasty not to strengthen the defense of Jiyu Town, and there would be no reason for the defense of Jiyu Town to be weakened. After the construction of Jinzhou, the limited financial resources and troops of the Ming Dynasty were consumed in Jinzhou, and the Jiyu Gate was naturally empty.

Sixth, at all costs, use grain resources.

In the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), Ligdan Khan moved westward, and after the Battle of Calling the City, the department that was in full bloom was officially reduced to the later gold. It was the first year of Chongzhen (1628) when Yuan's adult supervised Ji and Liao. In that year, Chongzhen made an effort to win over 36 families of Duoyan, which was in September of the first year of Chongzhen, but it failed later. In the following year, in March, the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Lord Yuan proposed to open a horse market for Harqin's department, and to use food to support the department that was not in full bloom, which was entirely based on food resources.

chongzhen, after playing in Lord yuan's speech to open a horse market, thought that this was a robbery with grain, so he issued a series of letters to reprimand him: "It is reported that Xiyi city bought goods, obviously to meet Dongyi, and to steal with money, how can it be allowed?"

Lord Yuan's defense mentioned Jimen defense, but the key point was to open the horse market. The core meaning of Lord Yuan was that if the horse market was not opened, "if foreigners (Harqin) were the guide, slaves would invade, and the disaster would be unknown." At the same time, Lord Yuan also promised that the Mongolian tribes he helped would "never dare to lure slaves into committing crimes". However, Chongzhen rejected Yuan's advice, and Chongzhen emphasized: "It is critical to defend against foreigners and slaves. How can you make slaves when you buy cloth and silk in the east and know that it is the answer? The governor strictly forbids it. " But Lord Yuan still turned a deaf ear. Later, Chongzhen reluctantly agreed, but warned Yuan's adult that he could only give aid in the form of food rations, so long as he didn't starve to death. Moreover, he combined the reward with the extermination, and if there was anything abnormal, he directly killed it, but Yuan's adult always thought that the Mongolian tribe he rewarded "never dared to lure slaves into the thistle and Liao", and all of them were rewarded and helped. Unfortunately, the department outside Jiyumen not only led the way for Huang Taiji to enter the fortress, but also prepared food and grass for him.

The Addendum to the Notebook of the Ming Dynasty records what Chen Renxi, the editor of the Imperial Academy, saw in Ningyuan, in which he mentioned that a team of 2, people was sent to Ningyuan to buy food, including 4 full-fledged spy posts-"The Jianzhou post counted more than 4 people in the department that was not tied, so what else could it do to buy food for the latter?" This was well known in Liaodong at that time. Chen Renxi mentioned that the gentry at that time, such as Wang Zhenyuan, Chen Guowei, the warrior of Ningyuan, knew about it, and demanded to take advantage of it, "The pawn was unprepared, but it could be killed at night." But at this time, Yuan's adult ignored Chongzhen's rebuke and blatantly sold food to the late Jin in Ningyuan. What a bad traitor's behavior. Tan Qian's "Guo Que" also recorded the following: "The three guards of Yan and Jian Lu were hungry, and the three guards were half-involved in Jian Lu. If they were not restrained, they asked the governor to open a fort in Nantai, Qiantun, and exchanged marten ginseng. Border ministers can't do it, and they only worship Huan Xu. If you don't cover it up, you will build a valley and plot to commit a crime against Jixi. Although there is a spy, Chonghuan doesn't believe it. "

To sum up, it can be said that Lord Yuan refuted Chongzhen twice in a row, turned a deaf ear to the opposition of all the border officials, and suppressed the opinion that the spy whistle for purchasing food for the late Jin was destroyed. He was bent on buying food for the late Jin in the famine and was completely willing to use food as a pawn, which was a very suspicious traitor.

VII. After the supply of Dongjiang Town was cut off to "cooperate", the gold encroached on the control areas in southern Liaoning and Liaodong of Ming Dynasty.

Lord Yuan applied to send the salary and food of Dongjiang Town by him, and Chongzhen agreed, so Lord Yuan got the supply of Dongjiang Town, but instead of timely distributing it to Dongjiang Town, Lord Yuan ordered the ports in Bohai Sea not to send a boat and a boat to Dongjiang, and not to sell one meter, one fish and Dongjiang. At the same time, Huang Taiji sent his troops to storm Dongjiang Town. By the second year of Chongzhen, Dongjiang Town was almost all in southern Liaoning and Liaodong.