Classical Chinese expression of reading

1. The thoughts and feelings expressed in all the classical Chinese in junior high school express the patriotic feelings of the author who takes the world as his responsibility, and send things to express the feelings of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later".

The lofty aspirations entrusted to Ma express the author's hope that the younger generation will cherish the opportunity to study, have persistent feelings about learning, and are not afraid of difficulties, and warn the younger generation with self-metaphor. Mr. Wu Liu embodies the author's disdain for officialdom. If linked to the background of the times, the literati at that time all had the feelings of avoiding the world and lived in seclusion.

Under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely, which also reflects the author's yearning for seclusion. Ailian said that it expressed the author's love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland ... I can't remember it at the moment ... I'll add it then. It's time for bed.

2. The thoughts and feelings expressed in all classical Chinese in junior high school express the patriotic feelings of the author who takes the world as his responsibility, and send things with expressions. "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later." whampoa blues

Sending a horse expresses the author's hope that the younger generation can cherish the opportunity of learning, and have perseverance, fearlessness and persistence in learning, and warns the younger generation with self-metaphor.

Mr. Wu Liu embodies the author's disdain for officialdom. If linked to the background of the times, the literati at that time all had the feelings of avoiding the world and lived in seclusion. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan, also reflects the author's yearning for seclusion.

Ailian said, expressing the author's mind of a gentleman who is not in cahoots with the common customs and leads an honest and clean life.

The Three Gorges expresses the author's love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.

Alas ... there are many more, which I can't remember at the moment ... I'll add them then. It's time for bed.

3. What are the expressive techniques in ancient Chinese reading?

Comparison is to compare one thing with another. In the Book of Songs, the slave owner was compared to a big mouse.

Xing, that is, "say something else first, so that the words can be sung." For example, in the Book of Songs, "the river is clear and blue," which leads to the following narrative.

"Xing" and "Bi" are often combined in a poem. For example, "Peacock flies southeast and drifts five miles" at the beginning of "Peacock flies southeast" is both "Xing" and "Bi".

Li Shangyin's Jinse: "I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." The first couplet was inspired by playing musical instruments, thus thinking of "China Year".

2. The combination of reality and fiction means that real scenes and events set off and interweave with imaginary scenes and events to express the same feelings. The relationship between virtual scene and real scene is sometimes complementary, forming a strong contrast, thus highlighting the center.

For example, the imaginary scene in Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow" refers to the "ten-mile spring breeze" and describes the prosperity of the ten-mile long street in Yangzhou City in the past; The real scene is "the wheat is green", which is the bleak situation that the lyricist saw today. From these two contrasting paintings, the poet's feelings about the ups and downs of the past are conveyed.

The relationship between the virtual scene and the real scene sometimes complements each other, forming a rendering contrast, thus highlighting the center. For example, Ouyang Xiu's "Walking on the Sand": "When the pavilion is fragrant with plum blossoms, the bridges are sparse with willows, and the grass is warm and swaying.

Sadness is getting farther and farther away, and the distance is like spring water. Inch by inch, my heart is tender, my eyes are full of tears, and the height of the building is not close to the dangerous fence.

Pingwu is full of spring mountains, and pedestrians are even outside. Look at realism in the world, and compare the departure of "pedestrians" through the scenes in early spring.

Write empty thoughts, and write melancholy thoughts by imagining the wife of a "pedestrian" looking at the fence from afar and missing the sad image of a "pedestrian". The wife misses her husband, and the husband misses his wife. Reality and reality are born together, and the feelings of parting are expressed incisively and vividly.

3. Set-off, also called set-off, refers to using B to support nails, making the characteristics of nails more prominent. There are two kinds of contrast: positive and negative. Using the approximate conditions of one thing to set off another thing is called positive contrast; Using the opposite condition of one thing to set off another thing is called contrast.

For example, Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia: "The river of no return is a romantic figure through the ages. On the west side of the base, humanity is the Red Cliff of Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms. "

Zhou Yu is the character to be portrayed in this poem. However, from the writing of "a romantic figure through the ages", there were many heroes in "Battle of Red Cliffs", and finally he concentrated on Zhou Yu, which highlighted Zhou Yu's important position in the author's mind. This is a positive contrast. And "cicada forest is quieter, Tonamiyama is quieter" is the contrast.

4. Contrast is to put two opposing things or two different aspects of the same thing together and compare them with each other. Use contrast, or make the contradiction of opposing things stand out clearly, reveal the essence, and give people profound enlightenment; Or make the two opposing aspects of things set off against each other and complement each other, giving people a deep impression.

For example, Gao Shi's Ge Yanxing: "Half of our soldiers died at the front, but the other half is still alive, and there are beautiful girls dancing and singing for them in the military camp." Comparing the death of soldiers on the battlefield with the indulgence of the general, the image is vivid and profound.

5. Repression is to say both negative and positive aspects at the same time, and only emphasize one of them, so as to suppress one and promote the other. According to the form, intonation can be divided into two types: thinking first and thinking first.

For example, Li Shangyin's "Jia Sheng": "In the propaganda room, the sage asks for a visit to the minister, and Jia Sheng's tone is even more incoherent. Poor midnight is unprecedented, and Mo Wen people ask ghosts and gods. "

The first two sentences of this poem are written from the front, as if they were eager to be virtuous and open-minded, which is Yang. But after reading the last two sentences, I suddenly realized that the original intention of earnestly seeking talents, humbly seeking advice, confided in one's heart, and even "confinement" is not to seek the way of governing the country and comforting the people, but to "ask ghosts and gods", which is repression.

If you want to restrain yourself, you should first satirize the political fatuity and absurdity of Emperor Han. 6. Symbols refer to concepts, thoughts and feelings that express similar or similar characteristics through concrete images that are easy to be associated.

Qu Yuan used "Lan Zhi" to symbolize his fragrance and noble moral integrity, while Lu You used "Plum Blossom" to symbolize his loneliness and strength. 7. positive description positive description refers to the description of the front and side of the object of description, also known as direct description and indirect description.

Direct description of the object is positive description, and description of the things around the object makes the object more vivid and prominent. For example, Wang Changling's "Joining the Army" says: "Dust in the desert, the red flag is half rolled out of Yuanmen.

The former army fought in Taohe River overnight, and it was reported that Tuguhun was captured alive. "The second sentence describes the situation from the side: on the one hand, the poetic style is very strong, which is convenient for rolling up the red flag and marching in a hurry; On the other hand, it is highly alert and unobtrusive, highlighting the tension of war.

8. There are two kinds of allusions: allusions to useful things and quotations from previous poems. Using things is to express the author's thoughts and feelings through historical stories, including his position and attitude towards some problems in real life, personal feelings and wishes. , belongs to the ancient express my feelings.

The purpose of quoting or using predecessors' poems is to deepen the artistic conception in poems, to urge people to associate and to seek meaning beyond words. For example, Xin Qiji's "Never Meet Le Jingkou Gu Beiting Nostalgia": "In those days, Jin Ge was an iron horse and swallowed Wan Li like a tiger."

In addition to recalling the author's experience of going south 43 years ago, this word has many allusions. "When Jin Ge was an iron horse and swallowed Wan Li like a tiger" is about the heroic deeds of Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition against the enemy.

By praising Song Wudi, the author satirizes the humiliating and peace-seeking behavior of the Southern Song Dynasty, and shows the author's determination to resist the gold master and restore the Central Plains. 9. Dynamic and static description Dynamic and static description refers to the dynamic or static description of things or scenery, which set off each other and constitute a kind of interest.

For example, Du Fu's "One Man in the City": "The sand-headed birds are silent, and the fish at the stern are whistling." The last sentence of the fish jumping "moving" sets off the "quiet" of the previous sentence.

10. Detail description refers to the poet's detailed description of the manner, movements, language and psychology of a scene or character in life. Forming a whole article with details as the center can often make poetry appear concise, concentrated and lasting appeal.

Excellent poetry always reflects the theme with typical details, through which we can dig out the emotions contained in the poem. For example, Joke and Zhang are very typical and particularly wonderful details.

1 1. Rendering is a painting method of Chinese painting, which needs to be emphasized.

4. How to express the following in classical Chinese? Translation between modern Chinese and classical Chinese: Yu.

Accustomed to: Accustomed to. Smile: Oh.

Masquerade: make up. Show: Show.

For: against. Is to avoid: hide.

More harm: the harm of all. Pretending to be mature: familiarity with decoration.

If: set. You see through me: you know more.

Be mentally prepared: be prepared. Know the real me: learn more.

Please: Here you are. Take it down with your own hands: tear it.

I am here: I am here. A mask disguised for a long time: a face that has been decorated for a long time.

I must: Yu Ding. Without reservation: do it.

Treat you sincerely: your heart is pure. "I often show people with a smile and a mask, pretending to be mature in order to avoid more harm.

If you see through me and are ready to know the real me, please take off my mask for a long time, and I will treat you sincerely without reservation. "I am used to pretending to avoid the harm of others and the familiarity of ornaments to show people." If you know more, you must be prepared to know more.

Respect my relatives, tear off this long-decorated face, and I will devote myself to you.

5. How do you express yourself in classical Chinese? The expressions in classical Chinese are: Er, Ru, Nai, Zi, First Step, Ruo, Qing, Your Excellency, Gong, Er, etc.

The list is as follows:

1, eh

Er, pronounced as R, is a pronoun, particle or modal particle, which is equivalent to "land" and "ran". The word group is Zall and Er Ru. It can be interpreted as you, yours, and can be combined into your father, your generation, your family, etc. It can be explained that the combination of words is occasional, but not excessive.

2, you

Your incarnation: your generation. You wait. Like grass. What would you do?

3. Step 1

Step 1: Address each other politely. Translate it into "you".

The first step is an ancient communication term called honorific words commensurate with peers. It was often used as a monarch during the Warring States period. "The Warring States Policy Yance I" Su Dai said to Yan Zhaowang: "One step is enough. Such as the first step of the general, from the "Historical Records of Xiang Yu".

4. Qing dynasty

(1) Name of ancient high officials: three public officials and nine ministers. Qing Xiang

(2) In ancient times, people were respectful names, such as Xunzi as "Xun Qing".

(3) China since the Tang Dynasty, the monarch said his subjects.

In ancient times, superiors were called subordinates and elders were called juniors.

⑤ Ancient couples called each other Qingqing. Very much in love describes the intimate relationship between men and women.

⑥ Surname

All landowners friends can also be called "green".

5. You wait

You wait. An old term that literally means "you guys" and "you"

6. Please talk about the overview of classical Chinese. "Classical Chinese" is relative to "vernacular Chinese".

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, "paper" was not invented. Bamboo slips and silks were used to record characters, but silks were expensive, bamboo slips were huge, and the number of words recorded was limited. In order to record more things on a roll of bamboo slips, it is necessary to delete unimportant words

It can be said that "classical Chinese" is the earliest "compressed" format of written records in the world.

Later, when "paper" was used on a large scale, the habit of using "official documents" among the ruling classes had been finalized, and the ability to use "classical Chinese" had evolved into a symbol of reading and literacy.

The first "article" refers to a written article. "Speech" means writing, expressing and recording. "Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre.

"Classical Chinese" means "articles written in written language". And "vernacular" means: "articles written in ordinary and simple oral language"

In ancient China, it was different to express the same thing in spoken and written language. For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, you can express it in spoken English as "Have you eaten?" And expressed in written language, it is "rice?" . "Fanbu" is classical Chinese. In ancient China, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese"