Compared with the Silk Road in the Western Han Dynasty, this paper talks about the changes of foreign traffic routes in the Tang Dynasty and analyzes the reasons for the changes.

The change of starting point (the starting point is diversified, including Yangzhou, Guangzhou, Xi 'an, etc. , leading to different directions) and the extension of the end point (the end point of the onshore Silk Road was transferred from Apennine Peninsula to Iberian Peninsula, and the western end point of the Maritime Silk Road was transferred from the southern tip of Indian Peninsula to Persian Gulf).

One reason for the change is that the economic center has shifted to the southeast, and the Grand Canal has changed the traffic conditions in many areas. Another reason is that the decentralized development and prosperity of feudal economy led to the rise of many new commercial centers. Another reason is that the prosperity and open and inclusive foreign policy of the Tang Dynasty attracted countries from different directions to communicate with them, which made the Silk Road change from a one-way route to the west to a grand occasion that radiated the whole Tang Dynasty empire.