Yue Opera is called "Three Flowers and One Volume" of Yue Opera, with four major names.

Friends who are familiar with Yue Opera know that there are Yue Opera Empress, Yue Opera Emperor and "Three Flowers and One Volume". Three Flowers and One Volume are all the rage, both of which are representatives of women's Yue Opera in the "Four Tunes" period, and have made great contributions to the development of early Yue Opera. This issue of Yue Opera culture takes you to know four famous Yue operas called "Three Flowers and One Volume".

Three Flowers-Stone

Shi (1910 ——1984), female, actress. A native of Shijiaao Village, Sheng County, Zhejiang Province. Xi Xiao Dan. Teacher Jin Rongshui, who works hard in class, sings well and has outstanding performance, becomes the first in the class. From 1924 to 65438+ 10, Coban brought five dramas, such as Double Pearl Phoenix, Jade Chain, Dragon and Phoenix Lock, Four Fragrant Scenes and After Double Golden Flowers, which had just been taught to Shanghai for performances and premiered on the Shengping Song Stage in Zhabei. Later, he returned to Shengxian, Shaoxing, Hangzhou and Jiaxing to perform.

During the performance of Shaoxing Wenxi Opera, I learned to sing Shaoxing Taipan, and learned operas such as Lotus Lantern, Running Water, Fan Er and 357. 1925, she cooperated with the pianist to create a "four-cavity" suitable for actresses, which was called "Shi Qiang", and Shi became the main cavity of Yue Opera for a long time. 1926, when performing in Jiaxing, with the help of pianist Wang Chunrong, he absorbed the tune of Peking Opera (Xipi) and changed the tune of Huqin 1-5 (official tune) to 6-3 (four tones), thus creating a new tune for the female Yue Opera generation.

In February, 1927, She and Tu Xinghua led the performance. 1928, leaving the stage after marriage. In the early 1930s, he returned to China as a visiting teacher and performed in Ningbo and Shaoxing. 1June, 937, performed as a guest teacher with Tu Xinghua in the Four Seasons Spring Class of Shanghai Trade Theatre. She is the pioneer of women's Yue Opera and a famous actress in the period of women's Yue Opera.

1June, 938, she and Tu Xinghua formed the "first stage". Together with Zhao Ruihua and Tu Xinghua, she was also called the "three flowers" of Yue Opera, which was the first of the three flowers and was known as the "originator of flower shirts". Because of the long-term cooperation with Tu Xinghua, it was called "Ginkgo biloba" and "Ginkgo biloba" for three years. 1In July, 939, Thunderstorm, which was transferred from Qu Shen, was performed for the first time in the Greater China Theatre, playing Fan Yi, and performing fashion drama in the women's Yue Opera for the first time.

1940,5438+00 June, fashion drama Huang Huiru and Lu Genrong performed as Huang Huiru. He also appeared in the Qing Dynasty drama Yang Naiwu and Chinese Cabbage. 1941September partnered with Yin Guifang at Le Tong Theatre. From February 19 to February 19, he cooperated with Xu Yulan, who changed from an old man to a young man, and performed at Laomen Theater until March 5 of the following year. Then he left Shanghai to perform in Ningbo. 1949 In the spring, my husband and I went to Taiwan Province Province. In 1950s, she led a performance in Taiwan Province Province and died of breast cancer. Learning and inheriting Su E's coloratura, the male class is named "Shi Qiang".

Three Flowers-Zhao Ruihua

Zhao Ruihua (1912-1982), female, Han nationality, actress and teacher. A native of Kongcun Village, Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province. 12-year-old Zhao Ruihua stills entered the first stage. A pair of women's Shaoxing Opera classes study art and work in Hua Dan. Because of his short stature, he wore custom-made high-heeled boots, stood on tiptoe to study hard and practice basic skills, and became one of the "three flowers" on par with Stone, especially golden phoenix in Dragon and Phoenix Lock and the autumn flower in Double Pearl Phoenix, which were widely favored by the audience. 1924 1 month, she came to Shanghai to perform with her class, and later changed her name to "Women's Watanabe Phase I" and performed in Zhejiang for more than 5 years.

1932 and Wei suyun (a young student) led the formation of "Ruiyun Stage", which was performed in Ningbo until 1938, and later took refuge in Shanghai due to the war. 1940, returned to the stage shortly after marriage, and performed with others in theaters such as Laozha, Shang Tong, Le Tong, Tiantong and Jinmen. Although he is only 30 years old, he has been rated as an "old brand and famous Dan".

194 1 One day, in the "Xinxin Glass Radio Station" on the roof of Xinxin Company in Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, the audience donated more than 1000 silver dollars to Pushan Mountain Villa, and the live singing of "Ye Xiang Pirate" and "Fang Crys Tower" showed its strong appeal. Its singing white is characterized by accurate articulation, clear articulation, loud pronunciation and never falling. The singing is simple and lively (four tones) as the keynote, and it is integrated into the pastoral minor of Shengxian County, which is sad and melodious, sincere and moving.

Ye Xiang Pirates Printing is his famous masterpiece, including Dou E of Six Heroes in the Snow, Meng Lijun of Meng Lijun, Yan Lanzhen of Panfusov and Fang Yuniang of Fang Yuniang Crying Tower. Learn from Chinese opera peers with an open mind, and there is a slight gap between day and night performances. I often go to other theaters to watch Peking Opera dances or sister performances of Yue Opera for reference. 1953 Joined the Cheerful Yue Troupe as the main actor. In the early 1960 s, he was hired as a teacher of Shaoxing Opera class in Zhejiang Art School.

Three Flowers-Wang Xinghua

Wang Xinghua (1917-1999), female, is a famous Shaoxing opera actress. 19 17 was born in panlong village, west of Xinchang city, Zhejiang province, and his parents were farmers. Member of Chinese Dramatists Association and China Democratic League. 193 1 year, he entered the stage class run by Liu and Liu Xiangxian. When I entered the department, I learned to play "Double Pearl Phoenix" and other plays. 193 1 Arrive in Shanghai at the end of the year, with performances such as Shuanglong Club and embroidered mandarin ducks. During my stay in Shanghai, I learned the fireworks and knife and gun skills in Beijing Opera from a Beijing class master. A year later, I went to Hangzhou alone and made a guest appearance in several teams.

/kloc-in the spring of 0/933, he co-starred with Su Qin e, a famous male actor, in The Legend of the White Snake, and then co-starred with Ma Zhanghua in The Fierce Horse with Red Bristle. With the help of Peking Opera acting and makeup for many times, the art made rapid progress and became famous in one fell swoop. In the same year, Xia Er went to Shanghai and was invited by Ni, the owner of Yongle Teahouse, to star in Pan Fu, Long Feng Suo and Yu Pin Ji. On June 6th 10, at the invitation of the owner of Syracuse Teahouse, he performed Tea Picking, Farewell to the rockhopper, Butterfly Lovers, Lobby Meeting and Wujiapo with Tu Xinghua, Xiao and Xu Yulan. Go back to Hangzhou to perform later.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/936, he performed in Shanghai Laomen Grand Theatre with the class of Four Seasons Spring. In the same year, Yuan Xuefen and Qian Miaohua. She also made a record in Gaoting Records Company, with the aria "Cry for Truth", which was the first record made by a woman in Shaoxing Wenxi. From the late 1930s to the mid-1940s, he toured Shanghai and Hangzhou, and successively performed traditional plays such as Yu Tang Chun, Meng Lijun, Aquilaria Fragrant Fan and Durham with Tu Xinghua, Zhu Su 'e and Wang, as well as new plays written by people specially.

Constantly seeking innovation and change in art, he has made many attempts to change in clothing, makeup, performance, scripts and so on. In particular, the script is very strict, striving for neat phonology and elegant language, removing its dross as much as possible and taking its essence, which has the reputation of "advanced and famous". His masterpiece "Qin Xuemei Xunzi" was recorded into four records by Beihai Records Company.

In 1930s, it was popular in Shanghai. Together with Shi and Zhao Ruihua, it was known as the "three flowers" of Shaoxing female literature and drama. 1953 Joined Excited Yue Troupe as the main actor and business leader, and premiered "Chen Xiang Fan" in the public theater. 1960, teacher of performance department of Shanghai Yue Theatre Academy. Her masterpiece "Ye Xiang Pirates" is often chosen as the enlightenment drama teaching in Hua Dan. 1959, the China Recording Society produced 1 Zhang Ye Xiang Piracy sung by her and Zhu Su 'e. 197 1 year retirement. 1999 10 died.