Matters needing attention in outdoor portrait and landscape photography

Lead: What are the precautions for outdoor portrait and landscape photography? Let me tell you a few scenes.

First of all, about sunny days:

1. 1, outdoor portrait photography on sunny days:

Sunny day is a good day for outdoor photography, and sufficient light and cheerful mood are one of the important guarantees for taking good photos. However, not all good portraits can be taken casually on sunny days, and there are still many places to pay attention to. Because the May Day holiday is in the midsummer season, the direct sunlight on sunny days is relatively strong, and it is difficult to take portrait photography in strong sunlight, so it is generally better to choose sunny days from 9: 00 am to 1 1 or sunny days from 3: 00 pm to 5: 00 pm, because the sun is low and the light is not very strong, and the brightness is moderate when the sun is oblique, unlike the scorching sun at noon.

In addition, the characters perform better in soft sunlight, their eyes are not easily affected by strong light, and the photos taken are more natural. In the choice of location, it is also more particular. Generally, it is more appropriate to shoot portraits with soft light in cool or shady places. When exposed to sunlight, the light is stronger and the main light is more obvious, so it is easy to use sunlight to create a more special image.

Too strong sunlight can easily cause the subject to be exposed to too much light, losing details and three-dimensional sense.

In terms of equipment, the requirements for equipment are not very strict because there is sufficient light on sunny days. But when taking portraits outdoors, reflectors are often used. Reflecting plate is a commonly used lighting auxiliary tool. Helps fill the light, eliminate shadows and highlight the eyes. With it, the photos taken are very different.

When shooting a portrait outdoors on a sunny day with obvious main light, the silhouette of the figure is prone to shadow because of the strong light. At this time, it is necessary to use a reflector to reflect light or absorb light to eliminate shadows. In addition, some reflectors also have the function of soft light board. When using the soft light board, the strong light can be dispersed softly, so that the light projected on the characters is softer.

1.2, outdoor landscape photography on sunny days:

Sunny weather should be the most suitable weather for landscape photography, because at this time, there is enough light, high transparency and bright colors, and it is easy to shoot good works. On sunny days, because the directionality of light is obvious, the use of light is very important when shooting scenery on sunny days. There are usually several kinds of light on sunny days. The light from the back of the camera to the subject is called forward light, whereas the light from the back of the subject to the camera is called backward light.

The light from the camera and the side of the main body is called semi-backlight or oblique light. When shooting in backlight or semi-backlight, the contrast between light and shadow will give the subject a three-dimensional sense. When the sun goes down, the light is only semi-backlit. It becomes a very flat landscape image under sunlight, and it becomes very vivid under backlight or semi-backlight.

Second, about cloudy days:

2. 1, outdoor portrait photography on cloudy days:

As for what kind of light should be used when shooting portraits outdoors, many people often choose bright sunlight to directly illuminate the front light of the subject from behind. But many times this direct light will make the subject have to squint. If the sun is low, the light on the squint face is flat. If the sun is high, there will be shadows under the eyes and nose. No matter from which angle, it is not satisfactory.

At this time, don't let the subject be in direct sunlight, that is, put the subject in mild diffuse light. And this trouble is easier to solve on cloudy days. As we all know, many experts prefer cloudy days to sunny days when shooting outdoor portraits. Therefore, cloudy days may be more suitable for taking portraits than sunny days with strong sunshine. But there are also many noticeable problems in taking portraits on cloudy days.

As mentioned above, cloudy days can achieve softer light reflection and make the subject's light reception more ideal, but sometimes the lack of light on cloudy days is also a headache, and the requirements for cameras are higher at this time. First of all, your camera needs to use higher sensitivity to obtain a more stable shutter speed in the case of insufficient light, but high sensitivity will have a greater impact on the image quality, especially in consumer digital cameras. At this time, you will use a digital SLR camera. After all, compared with consumer digital cameras, high sensitivity has a better impact on the image quality of digital SLR cameras.

In addition, it is the lens configuration. On cloudy days, the light is often insufficient. When the light is insufficient, besides using high sensitivity to obtain a more stable shutter speed, using a large aperture lens is also a way to obtain a faster shutter speed. However, for digital SLR, large aperture lens is generally more expensive. Tripod is also a common tool when the light is insufficient on cloudy days. When the light is slightly dim and the shutter is slow, the success rate of shooting with a tripod is much higher than that without a tripod.

2.2, cloudy outdoor landscape photography:

The light on cloudy days is softer than the direct light on sunny days, so it is more suitable for expressing some serene and quiet landscape themes. Some scenes showing cooking smoke in mountain villages and rural fields are actually taken on cloudy days, which are very atmospheric and emotional. It is also easy to encounter insufficient light when shooting scenery on cloudy days. At this time, the use of tripod is even more important.

Third, about rainy days:

3. 1, outdoor rainy day photography:

What can I shoot in rainy days? Romantic oblique wind and drizzle, wet scenery on the street and exciting lightning. Rainy days are characterized by water reflection, and the scenery in the rain reflects strongly. When it rains, everything seems to show different colors because of the diffusion of light. This light diffusion magically mixes and fades colors that often appear too bright in full sunlight. Especially when taking color photos, umbrellas in people's hands often make the rainy scene colorful because of different colors. If you can skillfully use the reflection in the water, it will be easier to add interest.

If you want to shoot the scene of raindrops falling, you must choose a dark background, and it is more suitable to choose side backlight or backlight. In rainy days, the light is dark and the exposure time is often long. The most distinctive scenery in rainy days should be lightning, which is a very common natural phenomenon. It is not too difficult to take such images and other natural landscapes. If you have ever learned the photography skills about lightning, or heard those experienced photographers tell you the secret of shooting lightning: F/8, then stay there and wait. ? This is indeed a very useful way to shoot lightning, but f/8 is right, but it is not a good suggestion to stay there. Be careful that lightning will visit you next! So it is very important to be safe when shooting lightning.

The best place to shoot lightning in rainy days is the window of a high-rise building, which can not only get a good view, but also protect your beloved photographic equipment.

It takes luck to shoot lightning, that is, to achieve one? Wait? Text requires the photographer to wait patiently. Lightning can happen anytime and anywhere, and it is very fast. No matter how fast you react, when you see lightning, press the shutter and the lightning disappears before the aperture is opened. So some experienced photographers use a small aperture to get a longer exposure time under the same exposure, hoping that lightning will visit your lens during this exposure time.

When shooting, put the camera on a tripod and choose the foreground with an open sky. If ISO 100 sensitivity is used, set the aperture to 5.6 and the exposure speed dial to? b？ Or? t？ , release the shutter. If there is always lightning outside the visual range, there will generally be no overexposure. You can open the shutter and continue the exposure until lightning appears in the space in the viewfinder.

If the lightning position is not ideal, the same negative can be repeatedly exposed for 2 ~ 4 times according to the brightness of lightning. As long as lightning does not appear in the same area of the picture, of course, there will be no overexposure. Therefore, the exposure time does not depend entirely on the size of the aperture. The most important thing is whether lightning has been photographed.

Besides shooting lightning, there are many things worth shooting in rainy days. For example, the reflection in the rain, all the scenery from one to two, light and shadow blend. If it is night, the light and shadow are blurred and worth shooting; Looking up at the raindrops splashing under the eaves, using your camera to solidify the splashed water, or the dynamic action of the water droplets patting the branches and leaves are all a big challenge to test your shutter speed skills. Besides, before the rain? The storm is coming? Magnificent scenery, the scenery under the heavy pressure of thick clouds before the rainstorm makes you feel heavy depression, and the wind and flying clouds make you feel that time flies. Why not pick up the camera and record it?

Fourth, about the night scene:

4. 1, portrait photography at night

It is difficult to shoot a portrait at night, because we should consider the normal exposure of the foreground background and how to make the influence of the foreground people clear. Indeed, this is one of the problems that most tourists encounter when visiting the night scene. Especially when using the camera to shoot automatically, turn on the flash when shooting, so that people close to the camera can get the correct exposure. However, due to the limited flash range and short exposure time of the camera, the night scene that was originally gorgeous to the naked eye appears dark in the camera.

This is because the night scene in the distance takes a long exposure time to leave a normal exposure effect on the photo, while people nearby only need a short exposure time because of the flash. Therefore, it is best to use the manual gear of the camera when shooting, slow down the shutter and force the flash to shoot. After the flash is over, it is suggested that the characters keep their original posture until the end of exposure, so that the photos of the characters and the background night scene can be exposed normally. However, portrait shooting at night is not a patent for manual cameras. Some advanced automatic fool digital cameras have night portrait shooting mode, which is also set by using the principle of slow shutter and forced flash.

When shooting, you need to use a tripod to fix the camera, because it is necessary to keep the camera still when exposing the background for a long time, and then a tripod becomes a necessity.

Before shooting, you should explain clearly to the subject. Just because the flash is on doesn't mean the shooting is over. You must keep your original posture and position until you are told that you can change or leave. For curtain shutter, the flashing flash is a sign that the front curtain reaches one end of the film window and the power is turned on, but Hou Lian has not yet reached the film window (shutter time synchronization).

The exposure ends only when Hou Lian reaches the closed position through the film window. For the shutter in the mirror, the flash flashes at the same time when the shutter is fully opened, and the shutter has not been closed since the flash. Because the exposure time required for portraits at night is often around 1 second, or even longer, the shutter is still open for a long time after the flash flashes to feel the night light. If the subject moves, the background part that was originally blocked by people will face the camera and continue to be exposed, so that the portrait part of the photo taken is transparent or translucent. Therefore, the main body should remain unchanged until the shutter is closed.

4.2, night photography

Night photography is also night photography. The better the night, the more suitable the city at night. The city that never sleeps has rich colors and bright lights, so the shooting of night scenes has become a subject of photography. Although it is difficult for the camera to shoot the night scene, we can check the exposure in time through the LCD screen and get more satisfactory colors by adjusting the color temperature, which provides great convenience for the digital camera to shoot the night scene. At present, many high-end digital cameras provide shooting modes of P (automatic), A (aperture priority), S (shutter priority) and M (manual). In addition, most digital cameras provide scene shooting modes, the most common modes are night scene mode and macro mode, and some digital cameras provide more detailed and rich scene modes, and even can obtain functions such as shooting modes in the evening and late at night.

This night scene mode can generally achieve satisfactory results. For most novice digital cameras, shooting night scenes is the simplest, feasible and guaranteed method. You don't need a tripod to shoot at night. When the camera is mounted on a tripod, it can slowly shoot the light drawn by the car lights or the scene of the crowd flowing.

Of course, in order to achieve the best artistic effect, the afterglow of twilight can effectively separate the outline of the building and show a better sense of hierarchy. Photographers who pursue artistic effects will adopt the method of secondary exposure in the same position, that is, exposure at dusk, and exposure after turning on various lights and decorative lights after dark. It should be noted that the camera cannot move during two exposures, and each exposure should be half of the exposure.

For example, the first exposure takes1/60s, the shooting takes1/30s, the second exposure takes1/4s, and the shooting scene takes1/8s. In addition, the use of white balance is also very important. Choosing different white balance will directly affect the tone and artistic conception of the photo. Generally speaking, don't choose automatic white balance, which will affect the inherent color of light and make it lose its unique color temperature feeling. Generally speaking, we will use tungsten lamp white balance when shooting city night scenes, because this white balance is closer to the effect of lighting. Of course, this is not absolute, it depends on the environment.