Yunmengze reading comprehension questions and answers

Yunmeng Ze, also known as Yunmeng Daze, is the general name of the ancient lake group on the Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province, China. Below I will bring you the reading questions and reference answers for "Yunmengze". I hope you will like it.

Read the original text of "Yunmengze"

① During the Yangtze River flood in 1998, people thought of Yunmengze.

② Where is Daze today? This flood storage site that has been almost forgotten by people has become a topic of discussion among many knowledgeable people, causing people to look back and reflect on history.

In August, the lake is horizontal, and the water is too clear.

The clouds are steaming over Mengze, and the waves are shaking Yueyang City.

③We can somewhat imagine the appearance of Yun Mengze from the poems of Meng Haoran in the early Tang Dynasty. The water and the sky meet, and the vast ocean moistens the shores and fields.

④The Yunmengze that Meng Haoran saw was definitely not as big as Dongting Lake today, but much larger. According to historical records, Yunmengze, as it was called in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties, roughly included the vast area north of Yiyang and Xiangyin in Hunan today, south of Jiangling and Anlu in Hubei, and west of Wuhan City, with an area of ??more than 50,000 square kilometers, equivalent to half of Jiangsu Province. . Nowadays, there is Yunmeng County south of Anlu, where there are fertile fields and abundant cotton and grain. No trace of the water town Zeguo can be found. From the Han Dynasty to the present, it has only been two thousand years. The land and water have changed so much that it is unbelievable. Today, the only remaining great lake, Dongting Lake, only covers an area of ??2,700 square kilometers. What a far cry from the 50,000!

⑤ Where has the Yunmengze, which protrudes between heaven and earth, gallops in the wild nature, blends in with thousands of things, and is boundless, gone?

⑥The answer is that it has been silted up and surrounded by dikes. Occupied, more essentially, eaten by others!

⑦ With the increasing proliferation and expansion of our country’s population and the development of human production tools and production skills, the struggle between people and rivers and lakes to seize the living space Intensifying. The land that originally belonged to the rivers and lakes was gradually converted into pastoral fields and villages by humans. Between the Jianghan and Han lakes, the so-called folk villages today are all the original lakes, wetlands and rivers, all part of Yunmengze. People enclosed the land around embankments, built houses and cultivated it. Over time, it became what it is now. It is not impossible to develop lakes and wetlands in a moderate and scientific manner, but they must not be abused or encircled. Unfortunately, we have taken the path of abuse and encirclement. The Ming and Qing dynasties were a period of great development for this type of folk settlements. After the 1950s, such activities reached their peak. In 1949, the area of ??the Dongting Lake area was still 4,350 square kilometers. By 1984, it had been reduced to 2,691 square kilometers. The vast 800-mile Dongting now only has 300 miles left! The Jianghan Lake Group in the 1950s There were 1,066 lakes, which decreased to 182 by the early 1990s. In Jianli County, Hubei Province alone, there are 17 large and small residential areas. Among them, the Xinzhou Management Area occupies the entire 25-kilometer-wide river channel of the Yangtze River, making the originally very wide Yangtze River water channel extremely narrow.

⑧A rough calculation shows that Yunmengze in ancient times now has less than one-tenth of its original area. It has been cut and reclaimed, and only Honghu Lake, Shenhu Lake, and Santai Lake remain. There are several larger lakes and scattered water pools scattered across the plains of the two lakes. The real Yunmengze no longer exists.

⑨ Historically, flooding in the Yangtze River was not as serious as that in the Yellow River, because it benefited from having such a large "water bladder" on its waist, which played a role in regulating floods and preventing flooding. Only in modern times have floods in the Yangtze River increasingly become a concern for people. The reasons for this situation are not only the destruction of vegetation in the upper reaches and severe sedimentation of rivers, but also the artificial division and shrinkage of Yunmengze.

⑩According to relevant experts, although the 1998 flood was astonishingly large, it did not exceed the 102.3 billion cubic meters of water in 1954. However, the water level pressure it caused on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was It is much larger than that in 1954. The reason is that since the 1950s, the natural flood storage and regulation capacity of Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and other lakes in the Yangtze River Basin has been reduced by 38 billion cubic meters. The floods had nowhere to hide, so they had no choice but to overflow the embankments and break and take their way away.

⑾This is natural revenge. "People don't give water a way out, and water doesn't give people a way to survive." Hit the nail on the head. The target of revenge. The first are those villages that once took away water's territory. In 1998, more than 100 residential buildings were washed away by floods in Hunan and Hubei, and almost 2 million people were affected by the floods.

Among them, Jianli County, where reclamation is intensive, has 15 out of 17 communes flooded. In the past, people drove the water away from here, and today the water drives people out of here again. This is the dialectics of nature.

⑿All the villages and sieges are the hometown of Yunmengze. Yunmengze is God’s creation. The water from Xichuan, which collects thousands of streams and rivers, suddenly drops in height after it leaves the Three Gorges. It must be buffered and adjusted by a large basin, otherwise it will run wild like a runaway horse and overflow the embankment, causing disasters. Even if the banks of the two lakes are raised and reinforced, it will put pressure on the downstream and cause harm to Anhui and Wu. History and experience have proven that the benefits people gain from development may not be cost-effective when compared with the overall benefits of the entire basin.

⒀ Yunmengze has made historic contributions in digesting floods and protecting all living beings. The only thing that people can do today to replace its role is to build the Three Gorges Dam and build a new Yunmengze.

"Yunmengze" Reading Topics

17. In section 6? Is it silted up? Is surrounded by a dike? Can the order of the two phrases be changed? Why? (2 points)

18. Are the two figures “2691 square kilometers” and “300 miles” in the underlined sentence in paragraph 7 contradictory? Explain your reasons. (2 points)

19. In paragraph 7, the word "垸" in "民常" is pronounced yu?n. Please interpret its meaning according to the context. (1 point)

常：

20. See the underlined sentence in paragraph 9. Why does the Yangtze River need a large water bag on the waist to regulate floods? Please use the words in this article sentences to answer. (1 point)

21. Comment on the highlighted words and answer the questions as required (choose one of the following two questions). (2 points)

(1) But it must not be abused or suppressed. ("Encirclement and suppression" means "reclamation". Please try to figure out the author's intention of choosing "encirclement and suppression" instead of "reclamation".)

(2) Although the flood of 1998 was alarmingly large, it did not This exceeds the 102.3 billion cubic meters of water in 1954. (Can the dotted related words be deleted? Why?)

22. Please briefly analyze the text in paragraph 4 of this article from the perspective of explaining the use of method. (2 points)

23. Read the following two materials, relate them to the relevant content of this article, explore them, and talk about your findings. (Tell me at least two points) (2 points)

[Hint: The so-called exploration can be summarizing and refining, or it can also be comparing, analyzing, questioning, criticizing, associating, transferring, reasoning, expanding, etc. It is necessary to integrate information, explore doubts, difficulties and blank points in the text, and put forward your own opinions. ]

Material 1: According to Han and Wei records such as "Hanshu Geography", Yunmengze is located in the southwest of Huarong County, Nanjun (Qianjiang County, Hubei Province), and its scope is not large. Confucian scholars after the Jin Dynasty expanded the scope of Yunmengze in ancient times, and generally included Dongting Lake, which was inconsistent with the records before the Han Dynasty.

Material 2: According to modern research, "Yunmeng" in ancient books does not specifically refer to Zesou named after "Yunmeng", but generally refers to the hunting area of ??the King of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. This area roughly includes the entire Jianghan Plain and some hills on its east, west and north sides. In this area, not all of it belongs to "Yunmeng", there are many settlements that have been reclaimed.

"Yunmengze" Reading Answers

17. Siltation is caused by nature, and encirclement and occupation is man-made. After replacement, the surrounding area will be eaten by people. ?Incoherent

18. Not contradictory. 300 miles means 300 miles per square, which refers to the area, with 300 miles on each side. (In ancient times, the area calculation method used the method of truncating the length to make up the short, turning the irregular side length into a square, and then calculating its area)

19. Refers to the area (place) within the dike

20. After the Xichuan water, which collects thousands of streams and rivers, leaves the Three Gorges, its height suddenly drops, and a large water basin must be provided to buffer and regulate it. (Or: After the water from Xichuan, which collects thousands of streams and rivers, leaves the Three Gorges, its height suddenly drops. There must be a large water basin to buffer and adjust it, otherwise it will run wild like a runaway horse and overflow the embankment, causing disaster.)

21. (1) "Encirclement and Suppression" uses the method of analogy, and cooperates with "Abuse" to express the author's critical attitude (anger) towards the abuse of wetlands and the destruction of the ecological environment. ?Reclamation? does not have this expressive effect.

(2)?Although?but?is a related word in a complex sentence, which emphasizes the meaning of the following clause. The example sentence wants to emphasize that the water volume did not exceed 102.3 billion cubic meters in 1954, so as to illustrate the consequences of losing the regulation of the water bladder. Deleting the related words makes the transition relationship unclear and the meaning of the latter clause cannot be emphasized. (Boldfaced words are answer key points)

22. Paragraph 4 comprehensively uses the explanation methods of quoting, listing numbers, giving examples, and making comparisons. First, we quoted historical records to determine the scope of ancient Yunmengze, and then used the figure of 50,000 square kilometers and compared it with half of Jiangsu Province to illustrate the size of ancient Yunmengze. Then we cited Yunmeng County. The example and the number "two thousand years" illustrate the great changes; the final comparison of "2,700" and "50,000" shows that the real Yunmengze no longer exists due to being cut off and reclaimed.

23. Open questions. Examples: (1) The activities of enclosing land in the Yangtze River Basin can be traced back to at least before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. This shows that people and rivers and lakes have been competing for living space for a long time.

(2) The author’s explanation of the scope of Guyunmengze may not be accurate, but the fact that people are enclosing land and occupying wetlands between the Jianghan and Han lakes and the consequences thereof cannot be denied .

(3) According to two sources, it is not conclusive that the ancient Yunmengze covered an area of ??50,000 square kilometers, but the area of ??the Dongting Lake area has dropped sharply from 4,350 square kilometers in 1949 to In 1984, the area of ??2,691 square kilometers was beyond doubt. It can be seen that modern development has increasingly damaged the Yangtze River wetland between the Jianghan and Han lakes, which is shocking.