Historical stories related to horses

the idiom "traffic is heavy" is simplified from the words in the post-Matthew imperial edict, which describes the bustling scene of traffic between horses and chariots.

This idiom comes from the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Ma Huanghou Ji of Mingde. When you walk on the Dragon Gate, you will be asked by others. The car is like running water, the horse is like a dragon, the head is dressed in green, the leader is white, and you are not far away.

Ma Shi, the youngest daughter of Ma Yuan, a famous Eastern Han Dynasty, took care of the family affairs at an early age because of her parents' early death, and kept the housework in order. Her relatives and friends praised her as a capable person.

at the age of thirteen, Ma Shi was elected to the palace. First, she waited on the queen of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, and was very popular. After the death of Emperor Guangwu, Prince Liu Zhuang ascended the throne, that is, Emperor Hanming, and Ma Shi was made a noble. Since she had never given birth, she adopted a son of Jia's, named Liu Dan. In 6 AD, because the Empress Dowager was very fond of her, she was made the queen of Ming Di.

When Ma became the queen, her life was still very simple. She often wears coarse clothes, and her skirt is not fringed. When some concubines appeared before her, they thought she was wearing clothes made of very good materials. When I came near, I realized that it was a very common material, and I respected her more from then on.

Ma Huanghou is knowledgeable about books and theories, and often reads Chunqiu, Chuci and other works carefully. On one occasion, Ming Di deliberately showed her the minister's paper and asked her how to deal with it. After reading it, she put forward pertinent opinions on the spot. However, she didn't interfere in the court affairs because of this, and never took the initiative to talk about the court affairs again.

after Ming Di's death, Liu Huang ascended the throne, which is Emperor Han Zhang. Ma Huanghou was honored as the Empress Dowager. Soon, according to the suggestions of some ministers, Emperor Zhang planned to knighthood the brother of the Queen Mother. After Matthew, in accordance with the provisions of the late Emperor Guangwu concerning the family of empresses and concubines, he explicitly opposed this, so this matter was not done. The following summer, there was a great drought. Some ministers also said that the drought this year was due to the failure to seal consorts last year. They asked for the enfeoffment of Uncle Ma again. Matthew still disagreed, and issued a special imperial edict for this purpose. The imperial edict said: "Anyone who proposes to knighthood his consorts is trying to flatter me and gain benefits from it. What does the drought have to do with knighthood? Remember the lessons of the previous dynasty, spoiling your consorts will bring great disaster. The first emperor did not let his consorts hold important positions, which was the precaution. In the future, how can we let Ma Shi take the old road again? " The imperial edict went on to say, "The uncles of the Ma family are all very rich. As the queen mother, I still don't want to eat, dress simply, and try my best to be frugal around the palace. The purpose of my doing this is to make a show for the following, so that my relatives can see and reflect on themselves. However, instead of blaming themselves, they laughed at my frugality. A few days ago, I passed by the door of the Longyuan Garden in zhuo, where my mother's family lived. When I saw people coming to my uncle's house from outside to pay their respects and pay their respects, the car kept driving like running water, and horses kept coming and going, like a Youlong, which was very ostentatious. Their servants are neatly dressed, with green eyes and white collars and sleeves. Look at our car, it is far worse than them. I tried to control myself and didn't blame them. They only know that they enjoy themselves and don't worry about the country at all. How can I agree to give them an official promotion? "

※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ According to legend, the god who manages horses in the sky is called Bole. In the world, people call a person who is good at distinguishing the advantages and disadvantages of horses, also known as Bole.

The first person called Bole, whose real name was Sun Yang, was from the Spring and Autumn Period. Because of his excellent research on horses, people forgot his original name and simply called him Bole, which continues to this day.

once, Bole was entrusted by the king of Chu to buy a fine horse that could walk in the dry every day. Bole explained to the king of Chu that a swift horse is rare, and it is not easy to find it. He needs to travel around the country. Please don't worry, the king of Chu will try his best to get things done.

Bole has traveled to several countries, and even the Yanzhao area, which is known for its rich famous horses, has been carefully searched, and it's hard to find a good horse. One day, Bole returned from the State of Qi. On the way, he saw a horse pulling a salt cart and struggling on a steep slope. The horse was so tired that it was very difficult to take every step. Bole has always been close to horses, so he can't help walking up to him. When the horse saw Bole approaching, he suddenly raised his head, widened his eyes and screamed loudly, as if to tell Bole something. Bole immediately judged from his voice that this was a rare fine horse.

bole said to the driver, "this horse gallops on the battlefield, and no horse can match it, but it is not as good as an ordinary horse when it is used to pull a cart. You'd better sell it to me. " The driver thinks Bole is a big fool. He thinks this horse is ordinary, has no strength to pull the cart, eats too much and is skinny, and agrees without hesitation. Bole took the swift horse and went straight to Chu. Bole led the horse to Chu Palace, patted the horse on the neck and said, "I found a good master for you." Like a swift horse, he understood Bole's meaning, raised his front hoof and rattled the ground, making his neck long and hissing, and his voice was loud, like a stone pan of a big clock, reaching the sky. The king of Chu heard the neighing of horses and walked out of the palace. Bole pointed to the horse and said, "Your Majesty, I brought you a swift horse. Please watch it carefully." When the king of Chu saw that the horse led by Bole was so thin, he thought Bole had fooled him, and he was a little unhappy. He said, "I believe you can look at horses before you buy them, but what kind of horse did you buy? This horse is difficult to walk. Can it go to war?" Bole said: "This is indeed a swift horse, but it looks very thin after pulling for a long time and not carefully feeding. As long as it is carefully fed, it will definitely restore physical strength within half a month. " Hearing this, the king of Chu was a little skeptical, so he ordered the groom to do his best to feed the horse. Sure enough, the horse became lean and handsome. The king of Chu whipped his whip across the horse, but he felt that his ears were full of wind and his breathing time had run out of a hundred miles away.

Later, a swift horse galloped the battlefield for the King of Chu and made a lot of contributions. The king of Chu has more respect for Bole.

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Money buys bones

"Dry gold buys bones" comes from Yance, the Warring States Policy. In 314 BC, there was civil strife in Yan State. Qi Xuanwang seized the opportunity to send troops to invade some cities of Yan. After Yan Zhaowang acceded to the throne, he was determined to revitalize Yan. Therefore, he recruited wise men and humbly asked for advice. In 312 BC, Yan Zhaowang visited a very talented person-Guo Kun. During the conversation, Guo told Yan Zhaowang a story: Once upon a time, there was a monarch who took out 2, pieces of gold and asked his men to buy a swift horse. As a result, it cost 52 gold to buy back the bones of a dead horse. When the monarch saw it, he was furious: "I asked you to buy a swift horse. Who told you to buy a dead horse?" The servant said, "Calm down, Your Majesty. Do you think that even a dead horse is willing to pay 52 gold? If this matter gets out, why worry about not having a good swift horse?" Sure enough, in less than a year, someone sent three swift horses. Guo Kun finished this story, and then said, "Now, if your majesty really wants to seek virtue, let's start with Guo Kun! People see that people like me can still get your appointment, so why don't they worry that heroes who are more talented than Guo Kun don't come to defect? " Hearing this, Yan Zhaowang thought this was very reasonable, so he built a residence for Guo Kun and instructed him to start building Huang Jintai. Soon, Le Yi, Zou Yan, Drama Xin and others came to Yan Zhaowang from neighboring countries. Within a few years, Yan became strong and defeated Qi.

Later, according to this story, people summed up the idiom "a thousand dollars buy bones", which made people eager to seek talents.

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The old horse knows the way

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huangong led his troops to join the army of Yan State and Wuduo State to conquer the solitary bamboo country, and defeated King Shanrong who fled to the solitary bamboo country and Huang Hua, the general of the solitary bamboo country. In the evening, Qi Huangong camped and rested. In the middle of the night, Huang Hua came to defect, holding the head of King Shanrong, and said that the monarch of the solitary bamboo kingdom had fled to the desert, and the capital of the solitary bamboo kingdom was an empty city.

The next day, Qi Huangong and Yan Zhuanggong followed Huanghua into the capital of the solitary bamboo country. It was really an empty city. Qi Huangong let Yan Zhuanggong stay here, and led his troops to lead the way to the desert to catch up with him. At dusk, they came to a place called "the Valley of the Lost", and saw a flat sand, as boundless as the sea. Everyone couldn't tell the direction. Qi Huangong quickly sent someone to look for Huanghua, but Huanghua had long since disappeared. Qi Huangong didn't react until he was tricked by Huanghua. At this time, Guan Zhong, the minister of Qi, said? quot; I heard that there is a' dry sea' in the north, which is a very dangerous place. I'm afraid this is it, and we can't go any further. "After staying all night, I still don't know how to get out at dawn the next day. I'm exhausted and in danger of starvation and thirst at any time. At this moment, Guan Zhong suddenly remembered that dogs and pigeons would never get lost no matter how far away from home, so he said to Qi Huangong, "Horses may know the way, so it is better to pick some local old horses and let them go ahead, so maybe they can go out. "So Qi Huangong let people pick a few old horses and let them lead the way. These old horses walked unhurriedly, and really led a large group of people out of the valley of mystery. Qi Huangong immediately returned to the lonely bamboo country, killed Li Hehe and Huang Hua, and destroyed the lonely bamboo country.

Riding on a salt cart

Fable story: An elderly good horse "took the salt cart and went to Taihang Mountain", but the result was "broken hoof" and "white sweat communication", but he still couldn't climb the mountain. When Bole saw it, he took off the shaft and cried. The horse also "lifted its back and sang loudly to the sky". See The Warring States Policy Chu Ce IV. Only then can it be suppressed by the metaphor of "riding on a salt cart". Ming Wu Qiu Rui's "Yun Zun Ji, Farewell to the post": "Fighting for the truth, not knowing the truth, like a sword sinking into a prison, riding a salt car. "

Kill the horse and destroy the car

Feng Liang, a native of Nanyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was ordered to meet Du You at the age of 3. He was ashamed to do this job, destroying cars and killing horses on the road, tearing his coat and hat, and fled to Qianwei to study from Du Fu. When his wife went to see him, she saw a dead horse in the grass beside the road with a broken car and broken clothes. She thought that she had been harmed by tigers and wolves, so she mourned for him. It was ten years before he returned to his hometown. See Biography of Zhou Xie in the Later Han Dynasty. Later used as an allusion to hiding. Song Sushi's poem "Catching locusts to Yunyunling Mountain is tiring, and you have a pregnant son and a younger brother" is the second of two poems: "Killing horses and destroying cars has since passed away. Where did the son come to ask about the loose-packed? "

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