High school biology

1. The end products of digestion refer to the products digested in the digestive tract and can be absorbed into the circulatory system.

Sugar:

The final product of digestion: glucose.

The digestion process is starch → maltose → glucose, and the two processes need amylase and maltase respectively.

Absorption mode: active transportation

Metabolic end products: carbon dioxide, H2O

The metabolic process is glucose → pyruvate →CO2, H2O.

protein

The final product of digestion: amino acids

The digestion process is: protein → polypeptide → amino acid, and the two processes need protease and peptidase respectively.

The absorption mode is: active transportation.

Metabolic end products: carbon dioxide, H2O and urea.

The metabolic process is as follows: protein is decomposed into amino acids, amino acids are decomposed into nitrogen-containing parts and nitrogen-free parts by deamination, the nitrogen-containing part is converted into urea in the liver, and the nitrogen-free part is decomposed into CO2 and H2O.

Fat metabolism high school mainly talks about fat, and others are not introduced.

The final products of fat digestion: glycerol and fatty acids

The digestion process is: fat → fat particles → fatty acids and glycerol, and the two processes need bile (emulsification) and lipase respectively.

Absorption mode: free diffusion

Metabolic end products: carbon dioxide, H2O

Metabolic process: The body fat is decomposed into fatty acids and glycerol, and then decomposed into CO2 and H2O through oxidation.

2. Green plants synthesize organic matter by absorbing mineral elements. These protein are digested and turned into amino acids after being eaten by people. After absorption, the amino acid is deamination, and the nitrogen-containing part forms urea, which is excreted with urine. The process is complicated and the answer is short.

There are three reasons for the formation of fatty liver: the fat in the body can be transported out of the liver by synthesizing lipoproteins with phospholipids through the liver, so that fatty liver will not occur. There are too many sources of fat in the body, liver function is not good, phospholipid synthesis is blocked, and fatty liver will occur if three conditions are met. Because fatty liver is very harmful, it can develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer, so it should be prevented. Preventive measures are also aimed at these problems. First, eat a reasonable diet and don't eat foods with high fat content. Second, pay attention to rest and exercise to make the liver function normal. Third, eat more foods containing phospholipids. For example, animal brains are rich in cephalin and animal eggs are rich in lecithin.

4. In the late stage of hypoglycemia, the blood sugar concentration is too low, the time is too long, the energy supply is seriously insufficient, and the brain tissue is in a coma (unconsciousness) due to insufficient energy; Convulsion refers to intermittent convulsions. Because of lack of energy, only intermittent convulsions, which is the case of death. At this time, we must rescue immediately and inject glucose intravenously, otherwise we will die if we are late.