Don't be afraid of being laughed at. Why is "laugh" added with "ed", and "be" is added with "being"?

Be afraid of is a prepositional phrase, followed by a gerund as the object of the preposition, that is, use the ing form.

So be means being

Here it means don’t be afraid of being laughed at. It is a passive form, so it should be be lagughed at, which is the past participle form of the verb be

And This is how it looks like