Shoe-pulling face or full moon face What does Zhu Yuanzhang look like?

Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, left too many mysteries. Most of Zhu Yuanzhang's portraits handed down from generation to generation are handed down in the form of shoehorn faces, which also makes future generations feel that Zhu Yuanzhang is a world, ugly and difficult to look straight at. Especially in the TV series "Daming Fenghua", Zhu Yuanzhang's face is extremely restored, which makes many people exclaim that Zhu Yuanzhang looks like this!

However, in the portraits circulated by Zhu Yuanzhang, in addition to the shoehorn face, there is also a face that is round and handsome, and does not look angry and arrogant. A natural emperor's face and a shoehorn's face are two extremes. So what kind of person is Zhu Yuanzhang? Which portrait is more like Zhu Yuanzhang?

First of all, we can see the clue by comparing the portraits of Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants. From Judy to the later Emperor Chongzhen, no one inherited Zhu Yuanzhang's shoe-pulled face, and each one was more handsome than the other. Especially after comparing the portraits of Judy and Zhu Gaochi, we can see the shadow of father and son at a glance, but compared with Zhu Yuanzhang, they don't seem to be a family. So why is this happening? There is a saying in "Miscellaneous Jujube Tree" that "Mao is good at observing words and feelings. I was afraid that people would know his appearance, so I gave the princes a royal identity and a suspicious image. The real Tibetan ancestral temple. "

This explanation means that Zhu Yuanzhang likes traveling incognito, but he is afraid that his appearance will be known and recognized, so he simply asked people to draw a lot of fake portraits to cover up his true face, while the real portraits are only stored in the ancestral hall. But this is not an official history and cannot be used as evidence for the mystery of Zhu Yuanzhang's portrait. So what is the description of Zhu Yuanzhang in Ming history?

"History of the Ming Dynasty" mentioned that "the appearance is outstanding, and the strange bones are penetrating the top. People can't measure their ambitions. " The strange bones here seem to mean that Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance is different from ordinary people. However, this historical material is also in conflict, because the words "outstanding appearance and lofty aspirations" were only mentioned in one record in Ming Taizu, and I don't know why two absurd records were suddenly added after Ming History.

Records alone cannot explain Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance. Zhang Xuan, an official of the Ming Dynasty, once saw the style of Zhu Yuanzhang's portrait in the ancestral hall. Zhang Xuan said that "Emperor Gao is a beautiful husband"; Similarly, Zhang Han, who was in the Southern Four Seas, had the opportunity to witness Tian Yan and see Zhu Yuanzhang in Wuying Hall. Later, he also recorded Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance, saying that Mao's face was beautiful, his nose was straight and his lips were long, his face was like a full moon, and his feet were full. Very different from folklore. It can be seen that people who have really seen Zhu Yuanzhang's true face are jokes, which don't match Zhu Yuanzhang's appearance at all.

Fan Jieru in Ming Dynasty also recorded it. He said that Zhu Yuanzhang was "a mature man with a black beard, more than an inch long, a slightly long and plump face, a very beautiful color and different eyebrows." This also shows that Zhu Yuanzhang's face is not a shoehorn face. When he was young, Zhu Yuanzhang's face was slightly longer, with fine eyes and ruddy complexion, unlike the different images in the portrait.

So what makes Zhu Yuanzhang's painting style appear two extremes? This is also related to the origin of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang was born in poverty, and once his family starved to death because of famine. Different from the kings of past dynasties, Zhu Yuanzhang did not have excellent social status and family background, so Zhu Yuanzhang, who became the emperor, was always worried that others would look down on him. In China's traditional concept, strange people are always accompanied by strange looks.

Among them, the most representative ones are Shun and Xiang Yu's heavy pupils, both of whom are representatives of emperors. The ancients also thought that people with this appearance must be rich or expensive. In addition, there is Liu Bei in the Three Kingdoms period. In the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei is said to be seven feet and five inches long, with his hands hanging down to his knees and his ears resting on his shoulders. In short, the stranger, the greater, which is in line with the rationality in the minds of the people.

Zhu Yuanzhang also used this to beautify himself. For example, Zhu Yuanzhang deified himself by writing "Biography of Immortals" in Zhou Dian and Ji Meng, so it makes sense to deliberately arrange grotesque portraits to be circulated among the people. Moreover, in order to make this statement more convincing, there was a saying that Zhu Yuanzhang's face was covered with pockmarks, so that Zhu Yuanzhang killed the court painter after seeing the portrait.

And more importantly, Zhu Yuanzhang can make these strange portraits pass down. Obviously, he doesn't mind this image appearing among the people. Among the 13 portraits circulated by Zhu Yuanzhang, as many as 1 1 portraits are all shoes-pulling faces, but the portraits in the ancestral hall look quite appropriate. Therefore, the appearance of Zhu Yuanzhang is not surprising, but the result of his puzzle.