The form of psychological consultation

Psychological counseling should suit the remedy to the case:

The object of mental health guidance based on subjectivity principle is college students, who are more rational than middle school students. Therefore, in the process of guidance, we should give full play to the main role of college students, strengthen self-awareness, understand that they will always be the main body of psychological development, actively participate in positive thinking, and consciously accept opinions.

The principle of activities is that the main role of college students is always reflected in activities, so we should correctly and effectively guide and carry out colorful experiential activities (such as social practice, summer camp, cultural and sports activities, etc.). ) Let college students experience or exercise sound psychology through effective activities.

The guidance of synergy principle to college students' mental health requires multi-channel infiltration of mental health education in the teaching of various disciplines. The trinity of school, family and society promotes the mental health of college students. Teachers have the obligation to care for and help students who are far away from their parents, including solving existing psychological problems and contacting their parents to cooperate with their work in time.

Principle of confidentiality: most college students are unwilling to consult their teachers after psychological barriers, mainly for fear of being laughed at or leaked by teachers. Therefore, confidentiality is an important principle of college students' mental health consultation, and it is the basis for teachers and students to establish and maintain dependence. Confidentiality helps patients to pour out their hearts sincerely, reveal their inner world frankly, eliminate psychological barriers, accept teachers' help sincerely, and let teachers "prescribe the right medicine".

The ideal goal incentive method teachers should guide college students to establish lofty ideals and short-term life goals. With the goal of struggle, they will have spiritual support, thus encouraging college students to live a full and optimistic life. For example, hold an ideal education seminar for everyone to speak; Organize students to visit and study in revolutionary memorial sites, athletes' training camps and factories for the disabled; Learn from those students who constantly strive for self-improvement.

Diarrhea-oriented guidance method is to guide college students' mental health through mass media and advertisements. For example, mental health courses are offered on university campuses, lectures on psychological knowledge are often held, and psychological counseling clinics are opened; Use cable TV and computer network. Play and disseminate mental health knowledge; The establishment of billboards and publicity columns plays a subtle role in college students' mental health education.

Impact persuasion is a special persuasion method, which has the characteristics of clear object, strong pertinence and great influence. For example, teachers and students communicate face to face, and psychologists give classes to students. This method should emphasize convincing people by reasoning and persuading and guiding students' thoughts, words and deeds. College students are knowledgeable, so it is feasible and necessary to accept the truth.

The method of creating a good psychological situation is also called "self-superiority method" or "spiritual victory method". That is to say, in the process of mental health counseling for college students, teachers should be good at discovering the bright spots of students and their parents, inspiring them to have a good mood and letting happy things dilute those annoying things. This method is mainly suitable for patients with "distress and inferiority".

Spiritual communication is the spiritual communication between teachers and students, between students, and even between parents and students. Teachers can organize students to discuss related issues like friends, so that they can speak freely and express their opinions, and get guidance in a subtle way. This method is mainly suitable for patients with "suspicion and anxiety".

The way to guide the teacher:

First of all, we should help students educate themselves and improve themselves.

University is an important period of mental development and maturity. College students who are between maturity and rebellion should help them find their own advantages and disadvantages, make them confident and self-reliant, explore their interests and hobbies, build a platform for them to express themselves, let them make positive progress and improve themselves, and affirm their growth and education from the behavior.

Second, be rational and emotional.

Many students are only children, or have multiple children, or come out from the countryside, and their psychology is different. In college, there are many students who feel inferior and proud. At this time, we must help him in action, take care of him in life, impress him, let him trust me and make friends with me, so that students will be willing to approach me and accept my strict requirements. Students will also have the bad habit of recurring attacks. Once this happens, we should patiently and seriously educate her and let her gradually regulate her behavior.

3. It varies from person to person.

Every student has advantages and disadvantages. To turn their shortcomings into their proud advantages, we need our life guidance teachers to observe them carefully, make them feel that they are also useful, guide their hobbies into their study life, let them master the correct learning methods and cultivate their good living habits.

First, scientific guidance: "the unity of science and education, the unity of teaching and goodness"

"Goodness" refers to the comprehensive value standard that people generally use to cultivate themselves, measure life and create society, and it is also the highest criterion and goal of life. In the process of consultation, the clients get different lessons and gradually change their psychological state. The acquisition of this benefit fully shows the great role of counseling, which is essentially different from empty preaching.

"Keep your reason in your heart" and "Keep your heart in change". This "change" is to teach scientific knowledge, philosophical views and methods to solve psychological contradictions that are beneficial to physical and mental health through psychological counseling. The process of persuasion is a contradictory unity, and one aspect cannot be emphasized in isolation while the other is ignored. Simple preaching, reprimanding or blindly accommodating without scientific content will not only fail to "change" the morbid psychology, but may also have side effects or even counter-effects due to vulgarization; On the contrary, although there is scientific content, it is not based on the actual situation of patients, and it is impossible to adopt easy-to-understand language and acceptable forms, which will make patients feel profound, such as smelling the heavenly book, and it is difficult to achieve the expected results. Therefore, in order to play the role of psychological counseling, we must analyze specific problems, use various inspirations in a targeted manner, integrate philosophy and emotion, content and language methods, and various vivid examples into the counseling work, try our best to exert the temptation of counseling and improve the efficiency of counseling work.

Second, superb language skills.

Language mode: dialogue, question and answer, self-report.

1, counseling is limited by time, requiring few but precise answers.

Language is a tool to express feelings and exchange ideas with each other. Every sentence will cause the other person's psychological reaction, or confused, or absorbed in thinking, or suddenly enlightened, or epiphany.

Third, accurate analysis.

Four. Harmonious environmental information (atmosphere)

The beauty of the environment has a strong psychological appeal, and psychological counseling attaches importance to the elegance of the environment, which can often make patients with mental disorders pleasing to the eye, feel comfortable and make them optimistic and enterprising. This is the environmental function of psychological counseling.

Psychology is the reflection of objective existence, and what exists objectively is people's psychological environment.

Fifth, effective guidance.

A consultant can't regard himself as a waiter around the patient, but as a commander and mentor fighting side by side, and can't let the patient learn according to his own prescribed model; You can't always send peeled apples and shelled walnuts to their mouths or even chew them up and feed them. For people with psychological barriers, it is important not to get limited "food" (knowledge) from the psychological counseling room, but to learn the skills of "cutting", "peeling" and "chewing" with the help of psychological counselors, or to reduce the burden by finding answers provided by psychological counselors, thus benefiting for life.

Sixth, firm practice.

Patients can't just rely on temporary sustenance. It is important to apply the method of solving psychological obstacles to practice, learn to face contradictions, not avoid contradictions, and enhance their ability to solve contradictions. Only in this way can we fundamentally resist psychological-social stimulation, and the practice process is also a test process. In this process, they can observe the truth, good and evil, beauty and ugliness, so as to exercise their psychological function and adapt to the modern social environment.

In the practice of psychological counseling, the principle of combining regularity with flexibility should be implemented.

The so-called regularity refers to helping those who are psychologically in adversity with the true colors of the objective world, social responsibilities, established habits and basic ethics.

Flexibility, that is, treating a specific situation in a specific way, is the most taboo. We should pay attention to flexibility, not glib, endless and irresponsible, but to master the patient's psychological activities, prescribe the right medicine, break it at the touch, and then turn the stone into gold.

Hope to adopt, thank you.