Shunde classical Chinese reading

1. The only answer to reading Jundao classical Chinese is translation, because I don't know the question.

Please refer to. Duke Jinping asked Shi Kuang, "What is the way to be a gentleman?" Right: "the way of a gentleman is pure and inaction, serving fraternity and tending to benevolence;" Open your eyes and ears to see everything; Don't indulge in customs, don't be bound by left and right; Broad-minded and independent; Repeatedly save performance appraisal, in order to give the minister face.

So is this man's fuck. "Gong Ping said," good! Qi Xuanwang called Yin Wen and said, "What about the people and the king?" ? "Yin Wen said to him," people can tolerate things without doing anything.

Things are easy to follow, and the law is easy to cause; Therefore, the people do not commit crimes. The avenue can accommodate many people, and the virtue can accommodate it; There are few saints and the world is reasonable.

The book says:' Rui is sacred'. The poet said,' If you have a trip to a foreign country, your children and grandchildren will protect you!' "Wang Zhuan said," good! King Cheng called Duke Bochin Lu and said to him, "Do you know the way to be a man?" Anyone who holds an important position will be respectful and respectful, and if he goes to Shunde to remonstrate, he will open the door of speaking out and will be quiet to borrow it. The admonisher should not use force to intimidate or criticize his words, but adopt his words, which is a considerable choice.

The husband has no arms, no power, no arms and no words, people are afraid of not kissing, both civil and military, and Wade succeeds; The people obey, the innocent get on the bus, the wise get off the bus, the remonstrators get on the bus, and the faithful are animals. "Bird worship was ordered to resign again.

Chen Linggong said, "Chen Qi is dead! I suddenly admonished you, and you lost your dignity if you didn't listen to me. Under the influence of my husband, grass is still popular, the east wind is the west grass, the west wind is the east grass, and the grass is the grass in the wind, so be careless.

It is evil to bend trees and bend trees, and it is evil to do what you don't say, it is evil to disrespect what you say, it is evil to fail to protect the name of the emperor, and it is evil to hang on to the name. One said,' a husband and a gentleman live in his room, but a good word should be thousands of miles away. How is his condition? Living in your own room, making bad remarks, thousands of miles away, is a violation. What's the situation? Words come from the body and are added to the people; The line is far from you, and it is far from you.

The cardinal of a gentleman's words and deeds, the hair of the cardinal, and the Lord of honor and disgrace, can a gentleman casually move heaven and earth? Heaven and earth move, and everything changes. The poem says, "When Er Shen speaks, he respects your dignity without exception.

This is also called. This gentleman is not cautious but reckless, and he will die if he dies. "

Gong Ling heard about it and killed it as a myth, only to seek comfort. Lu Aigong asked Confucius, "I heard that gentlemen are not knowledgeable, so what?" Confucius said, "Yes."

Ai Gong said, "Why not be rich?" Confucius said to him, "Because it has twice." Ai Gong said, "If it is twice as much, why not be rich?" Confucius said to him, "Do evil."

Sad for the public, but also afraid of it. There is a saying: "If it is a gentleman's way!" Confucius said to him, "If you can't do evil, you can't do good." If you can't do good, then people's relatives can't do anything. "

As the poem says,' If you don't see a gentleman, you will worry about it. If you don't see him, stop him. My heart says.' So is the beauty of poetry.

Aigong said, "Good! I smell the beauty of an adult gentleman, not the evil of an adult. Confucius Wei, how can I smell it? " Hejian presented the king, saying, "Yao feels the world, and he feels the poor even more. He repented of Wan's sin and worried about the decline of all beings.

If a person is hungry, then I am hungry; If a person is cold, then I am cold; If a citizen is guilty, then I am trapped. Renyi Li, Deguang; Therefore, there is no reward for people's persuasion and no punishment for people's governance.

Forgive before you teach. It's Yao Dao. There are Miao people who refuse to accept it at the right time. The reason why they refuse to accept it is because the mountain is in the south and the temple mountain is in the north. The wave of left Dongting, the river of right Lipeng; Therefore, it is dangerous, so I refuse to accept it. Yu wanted to cut it, but Shun refused. He said,' I haven't exhausted my teachings yet, but I must study them. If the Miao family demands it, it is not the righteousness of Yu, but the virtue of Shun.

Duke Zhou practiced the position of the son of heaven, which was far from that of the Ming Dynasty. Twelve shepherds and Fang raised the people far away, hungry and cold, with no food and clothing. The prison proceedings were negligent, and they were talented but didn't raise them. In the imperial court, they said, "I don't like politics!" There are people who are hungry, people who are dereliction of duty in prison proceedings, and people who don't support talents? "When his monarch came back, he called the doctor in his country and told him what the son of heaven said. Hearing this, everyone was very happy and said, "This is a sincere son of heaven! I will not be deceived when I see my wisdom, because I am far-reaching! "Therefore, grazing four doors, four eyes bright, four wisdom, make the near near, far away. The poem says, "You can be gentle and far away, so you can decide my king. "This is what it means.

Hejian offered the king: "Yu said that the people have no food, so I can't make it; I can't persuade others to succeed; Therefore, dredging the river and guiding it, chiseling the river and nine factions, sprinkling five lakes and setting the East China Sea, the people are also tired, and those who don't complain, benefit the people. " Come out to see the sinner, get off the bus and cry. He said, "The husband and the sinner didn't stop. What was the reason? Why is the king so miserable? " Yu Yue said, "Yao Shun's people all take Yao Shun's heart as their heart; Now that I am king, the people have their hearts and are based on pain. "

The book says, "If the people are guilty, they should give it to one person." The Yu people and the Rui hostages became the king of literature, entered the realm of the king of literature, and saw their own people give way to literati; When you enter the country, you will see your scholar-officials become officials or officials; The two countries said to each other, "The people of the two countries gave way to literati, and the literati of the two countries gave way to officials, but later their monarch also gave way to the world, instead of living in the world."

The two countries did not see Wen Wang's body, but let him argue that he was idle. Confucius said, "What a great thing it was written in Wang Zhidao! Can't add! Change without moving, do nothing, be respectful and enjoy yourself. "

So the book says, "Only King Wen keeps a respectful distance from others." This is also called.

Cheng Wanghe lived in Yan's house, cut off the plane leaves as a symbol of grace and gave them to him, saying, "I am here to seal you." Tang Shuyu happily told the Duke of Zhou who invited him, "Is the son of heaven a danger?" Wang Cheng said, "It is also."

Duke Zhou said to him, "I heard it, but the son of heaven was not joking." What I said is recorded in the history books, and what I read is called by scholars. " Therefore, Tang Shuyu was appointed to the Jin Dynasty, and Zhou Gongdan was a good talker. Once called Wang Yi, he emphasized the meaning of loving his brother, which was solid for the royal family.

When Yao was in power, Shun was Stuart, Qi was Sima, Yu was Yong, Hou Ji was Tian Chou, Wei Xiao was a teacher, Bo Yi was a rank clan, and Dali benefited from driving away birds. Therefore, Yao's physical strength was not skillful, Yao was the king, and the nine sons were ministers. Why? Yao knows nine posts, so that the nine sons are influenced by them, all of which are better than their posts, achieving nine achievements, and Yao is the king of the world.

2. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the reference translation of the test questions1a2d.3b4d. He stood on his own feet and was appointed as Xinhui County Cheng because of his ancestors' meritorious service.

At this time, Yao people in Guangxi fled and plundered houses for a month without breaking the city and killing officials. Bandits swarmed around Xiangshan and Shunde, and idlers and rogues swarmed in Xinhui County, echoing each other from afar.

Lu Tao summoned all the elders and said to them, "The arrogance of thieves seems to devour our country. If we don't make preparations early, we will fail. Can you people lead your children to defend it? " They all said, "All right." So they built camps, renovated weapons and equipment, trained soldiers to be brave, and relied on an isolated city to resist enemy attacks.

They built an outer city, dug trenches and arranged iron thistles and bamboo thorns. This makes the Yugoslav capital very strong. When the enemy Koro attacks, he always defeats them. In the seventh year of Tianshun, when Lu Tao's term of office expired, Governor Ye Sheng made a performance report, and the court promoted him to preside over the county government nearby.

Soon, he was promoted to Tongzhi, Guangzhou, and still presided over the political situation of Xinhui County. Lu Tao is good at comforting scholars, resourceful and determined before the war.

He dug a pond behind the office and built a pavilion in the pond instead of a bridge. In the evening, he called his men to the pavilion to discuss, crossed him with a board, and sent him back after discussion.

Like this, he always has to consult with several people before choosing the best one to adopt comprehensively, so he can often defeat the enemy without showing any trace. When the alarm came in turn, Lu Tao, dressed in military uniform, kept alert, held his breath and looked solemn. When the enemy's weakness was found out, she secretly sent troops out of the city, surrounded the enemy in the middle of the night and won in the morning.

Although the enemy is very good at detective, he still can't catch the gist of Lu Tao. After 45 years as an official, Lu Tao never left the army. After dozens of battles, he always defeated more than 2 1400 enemies, recaptured more than 137000 looted people, and restored his reputation. People in Guangdong and Guangxi depend on him and regard him as the "Great Wall of Wan Li".

However, Lu Tao, the commander of the army, did not advocate force. He once said: "To prevent thieves, we must first influence them and kill them as a last resort." Whenever bandits are pacified, a county is established there to educate the local people.

3. China classical literature writer Sun Shunde was punished by Emperor Taizong for silk translation.

Original: Sun Shunde, the right commander, received a silk gift. He said: "Shunde can benefit the country, and I have a treasure with it. Why should I be greedy? " I was still guilty of meritorious service, but I gave dozens of silks to the court. Shao Qing, Dali, said foolishly, "It is unforgivable for Shunde to collect money in vain. How can I return it? " He said: "If he is human, he will be humiliated, not punished. If you are ashamed, what's the good of killing an animal? "

(1) Shunde fruit can benefit the country and has a treasure house.

(2) still cherish its active, not sin.

Sun Shunde, the right general, accepted the silk presented by others. After the incident was discovered, Emperor Taizong said, "Shunde really benefits the country and the people. I share the property in the government warehouse with him. Why is he so greedy? " I won't punish him for being sorry for his achievements, but I will give him dozens of silks. Dali Hu delivered a speech: "Shunde illegally accepted property, and the crimes he committed were unforgivable. How can I give him silk again? " Emperor Taizong said, "He is a human being, and being humiliated by silks is more than being punished. If you don't know shame, you are an animal. What's good about killing him? "

4. Huang Daozhou classical Chinese reading Huang Daozhou, Fujian.

Poor, farming, filial piety. Enter the Hanlin between the apocalypse.

When I was in Hanlin, I was full of longing and elegance. Zhou Tao Nye wrote "Correcting Police Laziness" to satirize it, and all columns were respectful. Huang Daozhou is from Fujian.

He was born in a poor family, lived by farming, served his parents and was famous for his filial piety. He entered Imperial College during the apocalypse.

At that time, people in imperial academy were lazy and pampered, so Huang Daozhou wrote "Correcting Police Laziness" to admonish them and won the respect of his colleagues. Liao was in a hurry and Mao praised Zhenjiang for its success. Customs officials wanted to take advantage, so they gradually made plans for Hexi.

When it comes to North Korea, when he sends troops and pays millions of dollars, Zhou Tao will decide his own policy. However, Long Wen died without success.

Wei Zhongxian used something, saying that Zhou had brushed his clothes back. Liaodong war situation is critical. Mao boasted of Zhenjiang's victory, and the generals guarding Shanhaiguan wanted to use Mao's power to recover Juehua Island, and gradually attempted to restore the land west of Liaohe River.

They presented this letter to the court, thinking that millions of soldiers should be paid. Only Huang Daozhou thinks this countermeasure is not feasible. Later, Mao didn't win Long Wen in the end.

After Wei Zhongxian came to power, Huang Daozhou brushed his clothes and returned. In the first year of Chongzhen, he became the original official.

The following year, Liao Chonghuan killed Mao. Zhou Tao Guce Long Wen is not enough to rely on. Indeed, the disaster of closing the door alone began.

Nothing, chasing nomads from the big, thin Shi Jing. Emperor was furious, that is, he led an army to arrest Yuan Chonghuan and investigate the master.

Chonghuan was said by cabinet minister Qian Longxi. Prison equipment, long Xi, should be dead. Hearing this, Daozhou sighed, "Anke gave the Lord the name of killing assistant minister!" Go to rescue.

Diligent, furious, decreed to cut responsibility. Zhou Tao was not depressed, but he added, "I have been raising soldiers for many years, and I have run out of material resources.

In other words, killing Yi Longxi is not conducive to the side plan, it will only hurt morale and hurt the overall situation. I don't measure myself, so I want to cross the battlefield and see the key points.

When I am a Hogo, I will start a prairie fire and put it out. This is my great wish. "Anger, unexpectedly cut.

However, Long Xi was executed. In the first year of Chongzhen, Huang Daozhou was reinstated.

The next year, Liao Chonghuan killed Mao. Huang Daozhou thought Mao was not dependent enough. At this time, he was alone and sighed, thinking that the frontier disaster began.

Soon, the late Jin army invaded on a large scale and approached the capital. The emperor was furious and arrested Yuan Chonghuan in the army to investigate the mastermind.

Yuan Chonghuan said it was led by cabinet minister Qian Longxi. After the case was concluded, Qian Longxi was sentenced to death.

When Huang Daozhou heard about it, he sighed and said, "How can the emperor bear the reputation of killing auxiliary ministers!" Save Qian Longxi in one breath. After the paper was handed up, the emperor was furious and ordered Huang Daozhou to be severely reprimanded.

Not afraid of repression, Huang Daozhou repeated, "I have been supporting the army for many years, but my material resources are exhausted. Even if you kill Qian Longxi, it will not be good for the border war, it will destroy your morale and hurt the essence of governing the country.

I deliberately overreached myself to experience the battlefield and investigate the dangerous points. Once unified, I will put out the fire of starting a prairie fire, which is my greatest hope. "

The emperor was even more furious. Huang Daozhou was finally deprived of his official position, but Qian Longxi was finally spared the death penalty. For nine years, I was allowed to turn right.

According to Wen Tiren's records, disasters and wars were caused by counties and cities, and there was no way to punish them unless they were severely punished, and they were repeatedly imprisoned. If you think you can, you will benefit from it.

Zhou Tao said: "Artifacts in the world have their own way. Books, knives and pens are not tools used to cut the world." Dirty and trivial, where is the big deal? "Aaron hold it.

[Translation] Nine years, promoted to the right cloud. At that time, Huiji Wenren believed that disasters and wars were caused by chaotic politics in counties and counties, and they could not be punished without heavy punishment, so prison litigation rose on a large scale many times.

But the emperor thought he was capable and trusted him more. Huang Daozhou wrote: "The way to govern the world is to talk about methods, and legal complaint is not a tool to suppress the people all over the world.

Dirty little man, how can you make plans with him? "Stylistic benevolence bears a grudge against Huang Daozhou. Since the burden of fame, the world looked at each other.

At that time, Yang Sichang seized this emotion and regarded it as the history of the Ministry of War; Lu Xiangsheng, the satrap of Xuanda, was critically ill and recommended Chen Xinjia as his successor. He also recovered from the funeral. Taoism and Confucianism in the Zhou Dynasty were short of people to study the country, but how can they do it with ink to make future generations laugh and think deeply?

In the world, I have succeeded one after another, and I have been absent-minded. Shang Su knew Zhou Xuexing because of his sexual paranoia, which could not save the times.

Huang Daozhou already has a high reputation, and everyone wants him to be the prime minister. At this time, Yang Sichang was used as the Minister of War; Lu Xiangsheng, president of Xuanda University, died at home because his parents lost their mother. Yang Sichang recommended Chen Xinjia to succeed him, but Chen Xinjia was also used in mourning.

Huang Daozhou, a Confucian, believed that even if the country was short of talents, it was not possible to violate the etiquette and let the mourners hold official positions many times, which made future generations laugh at him, so he thought and judged these situations with passion. The emperor finally worshipped Yang Sichang, but Huang Daozhou disagreed.

The emperor knew Huang Daozhou's knowledge and conduct at ordinary times, but he thought he was paranoid and not the prime minister who could save the situation. Seventeen years, north sleepy.

Tang Wang used it as the official department minister, Zheng Zhilong was domineering, and Daozhou led his ancestors to suppress it. If there is a gap, I will invite you to leave a letter, and I will get it. No soldiers, no salary, defeat was praised and died in Nanjing.

In seventeen years, the capital Beijing fell. Huang Daozhou was the minister of war in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Zheng Zhilong was overbearing, and Huang Daozhou cited patriarchal clan system to restrain him.

Since then, there has been a gap. Since he was invited to stay in Guangxin, Zheng Zhilong deliberately made things difficult for him. Huang Daozhou was defeated and captured. He arrived in Nanjing and died there. Note ① Customs: refers to Shanhaiguan.

(2) Wei Zhongxian: The eunuch in the late Ming Dynasty committed the mistake of governing the country and hanged himself after Chongzhen acceded to the throne. (3) Seize the feelings: In feudal times, officials were asked by the state to stop mourning and continue to serve as officials because of national needs.

④ Ding Nan: It was called Ding Nan in ancient times, also called Ding You. Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty thought that Huang Daozhou was "sexually paranoid" and was not a person who could save the situation.

Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty thought that Huang Daozhou was "a generation of perfect people". According to the original text, talk about your understanding of Huang Daozhou with reality.

Not less than 200 words. (10) [Example] From Huang Daozhou's tragedy and persistence, I thought of the distinction between "reason" and "reason".

Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty believed that Huang Daozhou was "sexually paranoid" and was right. He used the standard of "rationality". Indeed, Huang Daozhou is out of touch with the times.

You see, how many people are obsessed with Wei Zhongxian's "doing things" and Huang Daozhou's "brushing clothes"? Can the worthies not hold grudges? The emperor wanted to kill Qian Longxi, but he opposed it. The emperor trusted Wen Ziren, but he opposed it. The emperor used Yang Sichang, but he also objected: Can the emperor not be angry? It is a miracle that Emperor Chongzhen didn't kill him, and Huang Daozhou finally died of Zheng Zhilong's revenge. Yellow.

5. Learn classical Chinese to see the answer "for learning".

How difficult is it in the world? For it, it is easy and difficult; If you don't do it, it's hard for easy people. Is it difficult for people to learn? Learned, difficult people will be easy; If you don't learn, it will be difficult for easy people.

There are two monks in Shu, one is poor and the other is rich. The poor man said to the rich man, "What do I want in the South China Sea?" The rich man said, "Why should I go?" Yue: "I have a bottle and a bowl." The rich man said, "I have always wanted to buy a boat for many years, but I have never been able to buy it." Why do you want to go? "In the second year, the poor will come back from the South China Sea to tell the rich. The rich are ashamed.

I don't know how many miles it takes to go to the South China Sea in Xishu, but rich monks can't go and poor monks can't go. People's aspirations are not as good as humble monks.

Reading exercise 1

1. This article tells us the importance of learning through a vivid story.

2. "Tell the rich by ()" is an ellipsis.

3. Choose the words added below and give the wrong explanation. ( )

A, the poor talk to the rich (tell) B, I want the South China Sea (go)

C, the trip is far from the western country of Shu (distance) D, Gu is not as good as a monk in Shu (it seems)

4. There are two places in the article: "What does a son depend on?" Why do you use question marks in the first place and exclamation marks in the second place? Please analyze it briefly.

5. Contrast is a major feature of this writing. Please take the passage where two eminent monks in Shu and Bi are going as an example to talk about how the article uses contrast.

Look at the answer:

1. Subjective effort (or determination) 2. Being in the South China Sea 3.D4. Expressing the tone of inquiry for the first time (or expressing general questions) and expressing the tone of contempt for the second time (or dismissing it) 5. Omitting.

Reading exercise 2

8, explain polysemous words (6 points)

Since then, two monks () have returned to Shu ().

Looking forward to Huan Hou but still going () carnivores despise () going to the countryside to miss home ()

9. In the following sentences, () is the same as the function word (2 points).

A I want the South China Sea. B. One is poor and the other is rich. C. Tell the rich.

There is no horse evil in the nine distances between Mozi and Mozi, and people will be divided.

10, translate the following sentences. (4 points)

I have wanted to buy a boat for several years, but I still can't get it. ________________________________________

(2) A man's ambition is not as good as a monk. ___________________

11._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (4 points)

12. The following excerpt is from For Learning. Please use "/"to break this sentence. (2 points)

My talent is twice as smart as mine, and my talent is twice as sensitive as mine. People also reject it and do not use it, which is no different from ignorance and mediocrity.

Look at the answer:

8.(6 points, 1 minute per space) Come back, turn around (turn around) and leave shortsightedness at the border.

9.(2 points) c

10, (6 points, with "buy", "return", "care" and "present" each accounting for 1 minute, and the sentence meaning each accounting for 1 minute)

I have been trying to rent a boat for several years, but I have never succeeded.

(2) People are determined, not as good as monks in Kawabe?

1 1, (4 points, 2 points for each space)

The two monks in Shubi, with firm aspirations and subjective efforts, can overcome difficulties and achieve success even if the objective conditions are poor.

(That's right)

12, (2 points, 1 0.5 points will be deducted for each mistake until the score of this question is deducted)

My cleverness/cleverness/sensitivity/rejection/ignorance is no different from mediocrity.

6. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following test: Lu Tao, self-reliant, presented to Xinhui. When it is right, the question is 1A, the question is 2B, and the question is 3D. 4( 1), the arrogance of thieves seems to devour our county. If we don't make preparations early, we will fail. Can you people lead our children to defend it? (2) to prevent thieves, we must first influence them and kill them as a last resort.

Analysis: Xiao Yan 1 (Yin: the right to give children the right to attend school or be an official because of their ancestors' meritorious service in feudal times); Question 2(①②③ Outstanding Courage and Military Ability) Question 3 ("Not Good at Military Affairs") Translation of Question 4, self-reliant and self-reliant, was appointed as Xinhui County Cheng because of his ancestors' meritorious service. At this time, Yao people in Guangxi fled and plundered houses for a month without breaking the city and killing officials.

Bandits swarmed around Xiangshan and Shunde, and idlers and rogues swarmed in Xinhui County, echoing each other from afar. Lu Tao summoned all the elders and said to them, "The arrogance of thieves seems to devour our country. If we don't make preparations early, we will fail. Can you people lead your children to defend it? " They all said, "All right.

"So he built camps, improved weapons and equipment, trained soldiers to be brave, and relied on an isolated city to resist enemy attacks. They built an outer city, dug trenches and arranged iron thistles and bamboo thorns. This makes the Yugoslav capital very strong. When the enemy Koro attacks, he always defeats them.

In the seventh year of Tianshun, when Lu Tao's term of office expired, Governor Ye Sheng made a performance report, and the court promoted him to preside over the county government nearby. Soon, he was promoted to Tongzhi, Guangzhou, and still presided over the political situation of Xinhui County.

Lu Tao is good at comforting scholars, resourceful and determined before the war. He dug a pond behind the office and built a pavilion in the pond instead of a bridge.

In the evening, he called his men to the pavilion to discuss, crossed him with a board, and sent him back after discussion. Like this, he always has to consult with several people before choosing the best one to adopt comprehensively, so he can often defeat the enemy without showing any trace.

When the alarm came in turn, Lu Tao, dressed in military uniform, kept alert, held his breath and looked solemn. When the enemy's weakness was found out, she secretly sent troops out of the city, surrounded the enemy in the middle of the night and won in the morning. Although the enemy is very good at detective, he still can't catch the gist of Lu Tao.

After 45 years as an official, Lu Tao never left the army. After dozens of battles, he always defeated more than 2 1400 enemies, regained more than 37,000 looted people, and appeased and restored their old business. People in Guangdong and Guangxi depend on him and regard him as the "Great Wall of Wan Li". However, Lu Tao, the commander of the army, did not advocate force. He once said: "To prevent thieves, we must first influence them and kill them as a last resort."

Whenever bandits are pacified, a county is established there to educate the local people.