Who has the Chinese translation of the article The Power of Habit written by william james?

"Habit becomes nature! Habit is ten times that of nature, "people say the Duke of Wellington once shouted; And the truth of this sentence may not be as well understood by a veteran himself. Daily training and years of tempering have completely reshaped most of a person's behavioral possibilities. ?

"A prankster told a story, which is not necessarily true, but it is very credible. Seeing a veteran coming home with food, he suddenly shouted "attention!" " So the veteran immediately put down his hand, and his mutton and potatoes fell into the ditch. The training is thorough, and its effect has been reflected in the neural structure of veterans. "Professor Huxley said. ?

People have seen it in many battles. When they hear the bugle call, the cavalry horses that nobody rides will get together and make a series of prescribed actions that they are used to. Most of the trained tamed animals seem to be almost pure and simple machines, always performing their duties without doubt or hesitation, and can't see the possibility of doing other things in their hearts. Some people who have grown old in prison have asked to return to prison after being released from prison. Some people say that 1884 In a railway accident in a tourist zoo in the United States, a tiger cage was knocked over and the tiger came out, but it quickly climbed back, as if it were overwhelmed by new responsibilities, so people didn't take the effort to protect it. ?

Therefore, habit is a huge flywheel of society and its most precious conservative force. It alone confines all of us to traditional customs. Only it can keep the hardest and most exclusive industries from being abandoned by people who grew up there. It keeps fishermen and deck sailors at sea all winter; It keeps miners in the dark, and it keeps rural people sticking to their huts and lonely farms in the long snowy days. It protects us from the indigenous people in desert and cold areas. It is doomed that all of us should fight the battle of life according to our upbringing or early choices, and be good at dealing with the pursuit that is inconsistent with those upbringing or choices, because nothing else is suitable for us, and it is too late to start again. It prevents different social classes from being mixed together. You see, at the age of 25, young traveling salesmen, young doctors, young priests and young legal advisers all developed professional quirks. You see small cracks in your personality, thinking ability, prejudice and "shopping" way. To put it simply, people can't avoid them at once, just as their coat sleeves can't suddenly adapt to new creases. In a word, he'd better not avoid it. In most of us, at the age of 30, our personality is fixed like a plaster, and it will never become soft again. Anyway, it is a good thing. ?

If the period from the age of 20 to the age of 30 is a critical period for forming intellectual and professional habits, then the period before the age of 20 is even more important for forming personality habits (strictly speaking), including pronunciation, pronunciation, posture, movements, manners and so on. Languages learned after the age of 20 are rarely without foreign accents; It is hard for a young man who enters the boss's social circle to forget his nasal sounds and other defects formed in his growing years. Indeed, no matter how much money he has in his pocket, it is difficult for him to learn to dress like a gentleman. Businessmen sell goods to him as enthusiastically as real "bigwigs", but he just can't buy the right things. An invisible law (as powerful as gravity) keeps him in his orbit and dresses him up as if he were the worst of the year; How his well-educated acquaintances managed to get the clothes they wore will be a mystery until the day he died. ?

Therefore, in all education, the most important thing is to make our system our ally, not our enemy. It invests our income into capital, and then easily lives on the interest of this investment. To this end, we must turn as many beneficial actions as possible into automatic and habitual in the earliest possible time, and guard against habits that may be unfavorable to us, just as we want to guard against plague. The more details in our daily life can be automatically processed effortlessly, and the more advanced abilities in our brains can be liberated to do their own exclusive work. The kind of person who has no habit but is indecisive, and for him, lighting every cigarette, drinking every glass of water, getting up every day and starting every job must be clear and deliberate, which is the most tragic. This kind of person spends most of his time making decisions or regretting problems that should be deeply rooted in his mind, but these problems actually don't exist in his consciousness. If this daily routine has not been deeply rooted in any of my readers, let him start to solve it now. (translated by Tian Ping)?