Why does Putin like being president?

The triple paradox of wealth after Guizhentang's listing: new culture policy: governing the country by culture? In the past 30 years, China has created the miracle of economic growth, and also created the wealth of China ... The game of the exchange of roles between Putin and Medvedev as president and prime minister makes the future Russian political structure almost no suspense. Russian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Alexei Kudrin openly opposed Russian President Dmitry Medvedev to assume the post of Prime Minister in the next government. Medvedev "picked a fault" and asked him to withdraw his remarks or resign altogether. However, Kudrin did not show weakness. He acknowledged that there were policy differences with Medvedev, but said that he needed to consult with Putin before making any decision. Kudrin's reaction obviously angered Medvedev. He shouted: "You can negotiate with anyone, including the prime minister, but I am still the president. This decision is up to me. You must make a choice as soon as possible and give me an answer within today. " A few hours later, Kudrin issued a statement announcing that he had submitted his resignation and was approved. 20 12 Putin's election and election is a foregone conclusion. Between Putin and Medvedev, as president and prime minister, it has been difficult to figure out who is in charge. However, according to the Russian Constitution, the power of the president is almost supreme, which is one of the reasons why Putin covets the presidency. So, how much power does the Russian president have? After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Russian regime structure has undergone fundamental changes. Radical Democrats have established a form of political power characterized by the separation of administrative, judicial and legislative powers according to western democratic principles, but it is still an imperfect power structure model full of internal contradictions. "Separation of powers" is hardly worthy of the name. According to the Russian Constitution, the president is the head of state and the defender of human rights and the Constitution. As the head of state, the president has greater symbolic power than any other authority. Therefore, he can coordinate the conflicts between the organs of power and the relationship between the central and federal main organs of power. The president can dissolve parliament, dissolve the government and promulgate federal laws. The president is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The president even appoints judges and prosecutors. Former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice called Russia's presidential system "a strong presidential system without constraints". It has the following characteristics: first, the president is the symbol of the supreme power of the country, and the president's decision-making greatly affects the historical process and direction of the country's development, making the country tend to be weak or strong. The Russian Constitution stipulates that the president has the right to "decide the basic direction of the country's domestic and foreign policies"; The president has the right to "issue orders and instructions" and the whole country "must carry them out". In other words, the internal and external policies of the country are decided by the president, and even if the parliament has objections, it is difficult to supervise and modify them. Second, the president can directly appoint the government. According to the Russian Constitution, the appointment of the Prime Minister must be approved by the State Duma. The President has the right to appoint and remove deputy prime ministers and ministers, the right to set up a federal security conference and the office of the President, and the right to appoint and remove the Supreme Command of the armed forces. In other words, the main personnel power of the country is in the hands of the president, so that the prime minister and cabinet can be replaced at any time during Yeltsin's period. Third, the president can control the legislative power. According to the Russian Constitution, a bill passed by the State Duma must be passed by the Federal Council (upper house) and then signed by the President before it can be promulgated. If the president vetoes this bill, it must be agreed by more than two-thirds of the representatives of the Federal Council (upper house) and the State Duma (lower house). Therefore, it is difficult for parliament to pass bills that the president does not like, and the legislative power is greatly limited. Fourth, the president has the right to dissolve parliament at any time. The Russian Constitution stipulates that if the State Duma rejects the candidate nominated by the President for prime minister three times, even if it is the same candidate, the President has the right to dissolve the State Duma. If the State Duma raises "no confidence" in the government, the president can ignore it for the first time. If "no confidence" is raised again within three months, the President has the right to dissolve the State Duma. In particular, the appointment of the Prime Minister by the President requires the approval of the State Duma, but the recall of the Prime Minister and the dissolution of the government do not need to go through the State Duma, and it is entirely up to the President to decide. In this respect, the power of the Russian president is much greater than that of the American and French presidents. The president of the United States has no power to dissolve parliament. Although the French president has the power to dissolve parliament, he should "seek the opinions of the Prime Minister and the Speakers of the two houses" when exercising this power, indicating that the dissolution of parliament is not a unilateral power act of the president. Fifth, it is difficult for parliament to recall the president. According to the Russian Constitution, if the president "commits treason or other serious crimes", the Federal Council (upper house) can recall the president. But the recall procedure is very complicated and difficult, so it is easier for the president to dissolve the parliament, but it is very difficult and almost impossible for the parliament to recall the president. In the United States, the president can be impeached for treason, bribery or other crimes, felonies or misdemeanors. The impeachment of the president is proposed by a simple majority in the House of Representatives and then approved by a two-thirds majority in the Senate. This is much simpler than Russia. As can be seen from the above, the power of the Russian president is really great. The Russian Communist Party zyuganov once said: "The power of the (Russian) president is four times greater than that of the US president." Therefore, although Russia claims to be a democratic system, its system design is not much different from the centralized system, and it is also very different from the presidential system and the prime minister system in the modern sense. So, what are the institutionalized presidential system and prime minister system? 1. The president is both the head of state and the head of government, commanding administrative power, commanding the armed forces of the navy, army and air force, promulgating laws and issuing orders without countersignature. The executive and legislative branches are independent of each other. As a legislative body, the parliament, its members can not concurrently hold administrative positions; As an administrative organ, government officials cannot concurrently serve as members of parliament. The elected president organizes the government, and the presidential election is held separately from the parliamentary election. The majority party in parliament is not necessarily the ruling party. The term of office of the president and parliament is fixed relative to the cabinet system. Parliament cannot vote no confidence in the president, and the president has no right to dissolve parliament. The United States was the first country to implement the presidential system. It implements a system of separation of legislative, judicial and administrative powers and checks and balances. The United States is a typical presidential system, which is characterized by the fact that the president is both the head of state, the head of government and the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces. The actual power of the president is very extensive. The president directly organizes and leads the government. The government is not responsible to Congress, but only to the President personally. The president has the right to accept the minister's resignation or dismiss him. The Cabinet consists of officials (usually ministers) appointed by the President, who are only the collective advisers of the President. The legislative and administrative organs of the state are completely separated and their powers are balanced. Members of parliament and government officials are not allowed to serve concurrently with each other, and the National Assembly has no right to overthrow the cabinet, nor does the government have the right to dissolve the National Assembly. However, the exercise of legislative power by Congress is limited by the President. For example, the president of the United States can veto a bill passed by Congress, but Congress passes a bill by a two-thirds majority and can become law without the approval of the president. The president's power is also limited by Congress. For example, the president's appointment of senior government officials must be approved by the Senate. If the president and senior government officials violate the Constitution and laws, Congress can propose impeachment. Except the United States, Cyprus, the Philippines and Indonesia, most Latin American countries (such as Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Chile). Moreover, most Central Asian and African countries also implement the presidential system. 2. The prime minister system, also known as the cabinet system in parliament, is a political system. The prime minister system is similar to the parliamentary monarchy, which is quite different from the presidential system. As the head of state, the president (or other names) has no real power, but a symbolic position, which formally represents the whole country. Parliament is generally directly elected, and the head of government (prime minister, cabinet prime minister) is the majority leader of parliament and holds the real power of the country. In countries with a prime minister system, the parliament has the right to propose motion of no confidence to the cabinet to replace the prime minister, and the prime minister also has the right to ask the head of state to dissolve the parliament. In short, the head of state is the president, but they have no real power and are vacant posts. The head of government is the Prime Minister, who exercises executive power. Britain, most European countries (such as Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Northern Europe, etc. ), Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Israel, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Turkey, most former Eastern European countries (such as Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, etc. ), the Baltic States and Jamaica are countries that implement the prime minister system in the world today. In fact, Russia's adoption of a centralized presidential system is related to Stalin's dictatorship in the Soviet Union. The Russian people have always hoped for "hero" figures to lead them back to the status of a powerful country. The incomplete democratic transformation has made it difficult for Russia's democratic system to live up to its name. As a result, Putin's "great power complex" became more and more intense under the idol pursuit of the Russian people, and he began to get carried away. However, individual power is above law and democracy, and the consequences can be imagined.