Heroes of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Shaanxi

Du (1904165438+1October 28th-19865438+May 7th), a native of Ziguangge, Han nationality.

A native of Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province, he is a famous anti-Japanese general, a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army, and a key general of the Huangpu Department.

1In June, 924, he entered the first phase of Whampoa Military Academy and followed Chiang Kai-shek after graduation.

Debuted in the National Revolutionary Army's crusade against Chen Jiongming. He has served as the deputy platoon leader of the military academy, the lieutenant colonel of the Wuhan Branch Corps, the squadron leader of the Central Army Military Academy, the teaching battalion commander and the head of the 2 nd Division, and the brigade commander and deputy commander of the 25 th Division of the 17 Army. He participated in the Northern Expedition, the Great Wall War of Resistance and the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and commanded the recovery of Kunlun Pass, a strategic place in southern Guangxi.

1933, as a deputy commander, he commanded Gubeikou of the Great Wall to fight against Japan, and fought fiercely for three days and nights, killing and injuring more than 2,000 people.

1937, du was ordered to form the first army armored corps.

1May, 937, the first head of the armored corps.

In August, he led his troops to participate in the Battle of Songhu.

1July, 938 served as the 200th division commander.

1June, 939, 1 1 served as the commander of the 5th Army, led his troops to participate in the Battle of Guinan, and commanded the Kunlun Pass in Guinan to fight against Japan, which caused heavy losses to the 5th Division of the Japanese Army, known as the "Iron Army", annihilated more than 4,000 Japanese invaders, killed the enemy brigade commander and won the Kunlun Pass victory.

1 In March, 942, he served as the deputy commander of China Expeditionary Force1Road and the commander of the 5th Army, and led his troops to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Burma.

1943 1 as commander-in-chief of the fifth army.

From 65438 to February 0945, the captain of the Jin army was regarded as a fireman by Chiang Kai-shek in the liberation war, and he was on the two main battlefields of Liaoshen and Huaihai.

1945 10 served as the northeast security commander, and the command post attacked the northeast liberated area.

1August, 948, served as deputy commander-in-chief of Xuzhou "suppression general".

In June, 5438+10, he served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Northeast "suppression general" and commander of the Hebei-Hebei-Liaoning border region, and returned to Xuzhou for his original post.

1949 65438+200910.9, the ministries under his command were completely annihilated in the Huai Hai Campaign, and now they are captured by China people in Zhanglaozhuang Village, Zhangzhuangzhai Town, Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province.

1959 65438+February 4th, the first batch of pardons, 196 1 March, served as the commissioner of literature and history of China People's Political Consultative Conference.

1964 Invited Member of the Fourth CPPCC Committee.

1978 was elected as the deputy of the Fifth National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the Fifth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and the deputy head of the Military Group of the Literature and History Research Committee.

198 1 died in Beijing.

Du Yu Ming

early stage

Du, 1904, 165438, born in Dujiawan, Lujia County, Shaanxi Province, on June 28th.

Ancestors were local feudal landlords.

Father Du Liangkui was a juren in the late Qing Dynasty. When he was a teacher at Xi 'an Chang 'an University, he participated in the League and returned to Mizhi several times, encouraging the vigilante groups in the county to drive away honest officials and take part in the struggle against Yuan Shikai's proclaimed himself.

My biological mother is Gao Lanting, and her family is poor.

Du has four sisters, a younger sister and a younger brother, Du Yude.

Du Yu Ming likes playing with guns since he was a child. He often dives into the wild to hunt pheasants and occasionally catches them.

When I was twelve years old, I started Chengjiagu Primary School in Li Dingming (mentioned by Comrade * * * in the article Serving the People).

Li is Du's cousin.

Du got the guidance of this strict teacher in his study.

Soon, grandparents died one after another, and Du, the uncle in charge, also died.

Du Liangkui has been teaching outside and never asks about housework, so Du has to take on the responsibility of being a housekeeper.

Although Du is a young person in charge, because of his cleverness, he soon mastered a set of skills to manage housework and keep family business.

When Du was sixteen, his father returned to his hometown from Yulin. He was greatly disappointed to see that his studies were basically abandoned because of housework. He decided to leave the housework to his nephew Du Yucheng, who followed his father to Yulin Middle School to continue his studies.

The headmaster of Yulin Middle School (a famous patriotic Democrat) is Du's cousin.

Du loved sports when he was studying, and soon learned the essentials of rifle shooting and aiming.

He set such an ambition: either learn English well, go abroad to see the world powers and learn their ways to make Qiang Bing rich; Either join the army, you can train an excellent soldier to defend your country.

After failing English in the graduation exam, he decided to be a patriotic soldier.

1923, Du graduated from Yulin Middle School.

In August of the same year, he married Cao Xiuqing, who was two years older than him.

Cao is also a native of Mizhi County, and his father is a leading figure in the county's industrial and commercial circles.

She studied poetry and painting in middle school at home and went to Yulin Women's Normal School after marriage. She took part in the China * * *, and later the "party-cleaning" was eliminated.

Just as Du was eager to find a way out after graduating from Yulin Middle School, he saw an advertisement for admission to Huangpu Military Academy in New Youth magazine.

At the same time, he also saw an advertisement in the newspaper asking Wu to run Luoyang Military Academy.

Due to the influence of revolutionary thoughts and Du Bincheng, after careful consideration, he resolutely chose to enter the Whampoa Military Academy.

Du Quanjiafu

Huangpu Military Academy

1924 In March, Du, his cousin Tu Yuxin, Shaanxi youth Yan Maoyao, Guan, and other eleven people went to Guangzhou by English ship via Tianjin.

Due to Yu Youren's recommendation to Chiang Kai-shek (* * * veteran and Commander-in-Chief Jin), Du et al. were all accepted and became the first batch of students in Huangpu Military Academy.

Yu Youren gave him a pair of couplets: the peace of the world is the most important, and the hearts of saints are the most lenient.

Du Bian is in the ninth team of the third team, with Jin Fozhuang as the captain and Chen Geng,,, Guan and others as his classmates.

Soon after the start of school, the school began to register party member.

Du also received two registration forms, namely * * * and * * *.

He accepted the * * * party member registration form and became the official * * * party member.

After half a year's training, Du was assigned to be a trainee sergeant and a quartermaster sergeant in the first training regiment.

He carefully arranged the soldiers' food expenses of six yuan per month, took the cooking soldiers to the streets to buy food, and then cooked in the kitchen. The company's food was very good and was praised by the company commander and soldiers. Soon, he was promoted to second platoon leader.

When he became a platoon leader, he demanded a lot of soldiers, was unpopular and was in a difficult situation.

1in the spring of 925, Du Sui's first regiment participated in the first Crusade.

Chen Geng, then the propaganda captain of the regiment, saw that Du Zailian couldn't stay any longer, so he was transferred to the propaganda team as a member to check the army's military discipline.

He found that any officer or soldier who broke the bowls of ordinary people or damaged crops should be compensated by the relevant personnel at the price, without any excuse, and sometimes he had to pay for it himself.

When attacking Danshui City, Chiang Kai-shek chose the death squad as the pioneer of climbing the city. He signed up voluntarily, but he was not selected.

After the Crusaders conquered fresh water, Du got scabies and asked for leave to go back to Guangzhou for treatment.

After the scabies were cured, Du and others returned to Huangpu Military Academy to meet with Liao, the party representative. Liao couldn't help but be overjoyed and said, "You came at the right time. Hu Jingyi (Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the National Army and Commander of the Second Army, Henan Military Affairs Supervisor) wants to run a military school. He has repeatedly telegraphed Guangzhou to send someone to help, and now he has sent you to Henan to help Hu organize the school. " Before he left, Liao gave Du a letter and asked him to give it to Sun Yat-sen when he passed by Beijing.

In early March of the same year, Du and his party arrived in Beijing and were received by Wang Jingwei.

They met Sun Yat-sen, who was in a coma.

Du handed Liao's personal letter to Ma Xiang, Sun Yat-sen's adjutant, and then wrote a letter to Mr. Liao to report Sun Yat-sen's illness.

Then, they went to Kaifeng and, under the direct leadership of Hu Jingyi, assisted Soviet advisers in organizing military schools.

Only one month later, Hu died of illness, and the new commander Yue (the former commander of the Second Division) was at odds with Soviet consultants and Huangpu students. Du and others had no place in Henan and were forced to return to northern Shaanxi.

Soon, the battalion commander of the supplementary battalion of the Second National Army Zi Tuan and the big landlords hired Du as the deputy battalion commander and the first company commander with heavy money to expand their influence on Japan.

Not long after, the supplementary battalion was disarmed and disbanded by the Jin army in Yuci, and Du was taken to Taiyuan prison. Taiyuan DuDu Shuangda, a member of the Old League. He had a good impression on Huangpu students, let Du go and gave a farewell dinner.

After that, Du solemnly wrote to Guangzhou Revolutionary Base Camp and Huangpu Military Academy, reporting his own situation and demanding action.

* * * The Central Organization Department immediately replied to the instructions: I hope Du will stay in the north, and strive for the opportunity to contact Ma Xiang to participate in the guarding work of Sun Yat-sen's coffin, and the coffin will stop at Biyun Temple in Beijing.

At this point, Gao Guizi was ordered to lead his troops into Beijing as a garrison in both capital city, and the reorganized Wu Baoshan Supplementary Camp also went north with the regiment.

After arriving in Beijing, Gao Guizi changed the supplementary camp into a spy camp and sent the camp to the Jingyi Garden of Biyun Temple in Xishan to guard Sun Yat-sen's coffin.

Du is still the deputy battalion commander and company commander.

Du was captured.

Break through and be captured

1 949 65438+1October1,Chiang Kai-shek declared peace.

Du Yu Ming also believes that only peace is the way out.

However, on June 3, 65438+, Du suddenly received an order from Chiang Kai-shek to carry out the plan of the original air force to cover the breakthrough, and from the 5 th, he used three days of grain bombs.

Du Jianjiang still chose the worst strategy, thinking that there is no hope now.

Sure enough, * * * 6 launched a large-scale attack, and the * * * army was on the verge of collapse.

Du express air force bombing support.

On the 7th, the position of QingLongji, where Li Mi Corps headquarters is located, was breached. Du also sent an urgent telegram asking Jiang to throw poison gas bombs on 10 to cover the breakthrough.

At around dusk on the 9th, Du went to the fifth army headquarters in Chenguanzhuang, and according to Chiang Kai-shek's orders, he attempted to assemble the remnants and break through in the morning of 10.

However, Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi and others threatened to persuade Du Fu to break through that night.

He was forced to send the last telegram to Jiang, saying, "The troops are in chaos and can't last until tomorrow, so we have to break through separately overnight." Afterwards, he acted alone with only a dozen adjutants and guards, and was captured by soldiers in the early morning of 10.

After the news of Du's capture came out, his wife rushed to Nanjing and asked to see Chiang Kai-shek and his wife.

Jiang didn't answer, but said, "Du has been captured. Go and comfort your family quickly." Cao was not satisfied, so he went to the "presidential office" to make trouble. He said, "My husband is ill, and he wants to lead troops to break through. He can't walk. What about the sudden encirclement? Isn't it obvious that he wants his own life? " At that time, the tabloid published an article "Cao Xiuqing made a scene in the presidential palace", describing the incident.

On the eve of Nanjing liberation, Cao flew to Taiwan Province alone with four children.

After Du was captured, he was treated well by the people.

It turned out that he was in poor health and sick.

Over the years, under the careful treatment and care of the medical staff of the War Criminals Management Office, Du suffered from chronic diseases such as gastric ulcer, pulmonary tuberculosis and renal tuberculosis, and finally gradually recovered until he recovered.

Especially for the treatment of his spondylitis, the people have invested a lot of manpower and material resources.

In addition to throwing medicine stones, the medical staff specially made a fitted gypsum board for him to sleep comfortably.

In this way, Du's spondylitis was cured.

The victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea had a great influence on Du Fu.

At first, he was skeptical about whether * * * could defeat the American invaders with modern equipment.

The victory of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea swept away the idea that some people in China admire and fear beauty, greatly increased the ambition of the Chinese nation and shook his thoughts.

He said with deep affection, "I am extremely excited and admired for Chinese people's Volunteer Army's heroic spirit of crossing the Yalu River, maintaining peace and defending the motherland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

Under the leadership of * * *, the people of China really stood up. "

From 65438 to 0957, Chinese-American doctors won the Nobel Prize, and the Prime Minister immediately sent someone to contact Du in Beijing.

At that time, Du Cai knew why the eldest son-in-law got married.

He is happy for his eldest daughter, for himself and for the Chinese nation.

He wrote on a blank stationery with 16 letters:

Dear Ning Xu:

Congratulations on winning the Nobel Prize, which is national.

You should pay attention to politics.

Du is grass.

In the autumn of the same year, the people organized war criminals to visit all parts of the motherland, and Du was overjoyed.

Du has visited Beijing suburbs, urban areas, Guanting Reservoir, Tianjin, Shenyang, Anshan, Changchun and other places, and was greatly encouraged by the great achievements made in the construction of new China, especially the visit to Changchun No.1 Automobile Factory. He was very excited when he saw a car leaving the assembly line every eight minutes in the assembly workshop.

In the parking lot, he also asked to drive this brand-new truck.

After returning from a visit from other places, Du was lucky enough to watch the 1958 National Day military parade and mass party.

He said with emotion: Where is the new China? I think it can be summarized as follows: First, New China is a real country; Second, the people of China really stood up; Third, the new China began to be built in a planned way.

Mr. Du Yu Ming is in the office.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

1959 65438+On February 4th, Du, as the first batch of amnesty war criminals, received the amnesty notice from the Supreme People's Court.

He said with tears in his eyes: "I am deeply moved by the fact that the Party and Chairman Mao have pardoned such a heinous first-class war criminal.

I swear, I will continue to study Marxism-Leninism and * * * thought in my lifetime, make myself a new person, and always follow * * * and Chairman Mao on the socialist road. No matter how the wind and waves hinder me, I will never look back! "

On June 3rd, 65438, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi and other comrades were granted amnesty for ten war criminals.

Du said to Premier Zhou: "Students are sorry for their teachers. They did not follow the teacher in the revolution and embarked on the road of counter-revolution. What a negative teacher teaching! I am sorry for the teacher! " Premier Zhou replied: "You students can't be blamed, but the teacher didn't teach well." Then he laughed heartily.

Du also recalled with Vice Premier Chen Yi: "When I was just captured in Huaihai battlefield, my boss wanted to see me. At that time, refusing to meet with * * * * was really stubborn and should be aggravated. " Mr. Chen waved his hand and said with a smile, "Let bygones be bygones!"

1in July, 960, Premier Zhou and Chen Yi hosted a banquet in honor of Montgomery, an Englishman visiting China, and invited Du to accompany him.

During World War II, Meng was the commander of the Mediterranean battlefield in the African theater and Du was the commander of the China-Myanmar battlefield in the China theater. They are all famous and admire each other.

During the dinner, the British marshal asked him, "Where did your million-strong army go?" Du pointed to Marshal Chen Yi sitting opposite him and said, "I gave it to him." Chen Yi shook his head and smiled and said, "You are not so generous. We ate it bit by bit. " Afterwards, Du Dui said: "This is of course a joke. Actually speaking, I can only agree with half of what Chen Yi said, because half of the * * * army was defeated by himself. In this regard, I have a painful feeling and left an unforgettable impression in my heart, just like the chariots of mechanized troops in the past, leaving ruts on muddy roads ... ".

Du former residence

1961March, Du was appointed as a member of the Literature and History Research Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference.

He actively wrote literature and history materials and tried to record his past experiences truthfully.

As early as Kutokuhayashi prison, Du got in touch with his eldest daughter and son-in-law doctor who were far away in the United States with the help of our country.

1958, he got in touch with his wife Cao Xiuqing who went to the United States from Taiwan Province.

After a long correspondence, Cao Xiuqing gradually dispelled his worries and flew to Beijing from the United States on June 1963.

In July, under the careful arrangement of the Prime Minister, the Du couple visited some construction projects and places of interest in the motherland together with the war criminals reunited in Beijing and their families.

1964165438+1October, Du was specially invited as a member of the 4th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

He wrote to Premier Zhou, expressing his feelings for the Party and the people, and determined to make every effort for the socialist construction of new China and the reunification of the motherland in his lifetime.

1978 was elected as a deputy to the Fifth National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth China People's Political Consultative Conference.

1981May 7, Du Zaijing died at the age of 77.

In his eulogy, he said: "Although he walked a tortuous road, he had a glorious later life and made his own contribution to the people's revolutionary cause. The people miss him. "