The historical evolution of geili

According to media research, the word "geili" first appeared in a Japanese cartoon uploaded by students of Nanguang College of Communication University of China in May 20 10. "Is this Tianzhu? Not strong, old and wet! " Cucn20 1 dubbing group accidentally inserted willows, but it was warmly welcomed by netizens. Its first widespread application took place during the World Cup in South Africa!

"Give force" or "don't give force", simple and vivid, immediately swept the network.

20 10, 1 1, 10, "geili" appeared on the front page of People's Daily ("geili is a strong cultural province in Jiangsu").

The word geili will be carried forward by Liaoning Satellite TV's original variety show. In the sketch "007" of Heilongjiang Satellite TV 2065 438+00 007 "Love Laughing Living Room", Zhang Yiming plays a doctor who wants equipment for Zhang Zidong, because the plot of this sketch is very funny, and the word "Geili" has become the pet phrase of netizens in China and the hottest online language in China!

"People's Daily is too powerful" has been interpreted in multiple ways, such as the public's innovative ability and the official's adaptation to the Internet trend. Undeniably, the Internet has become the most convenient way for citizens to express their opinions and participate in social management. Citizens' right to speak and influence on the internet is getting heavier and heavier. The official initiative to get close to the network not only shows the power of online public opinion, but also reflects the progress of society.

20 1 1 The word "geili" landed in the Spring Festival Evening. After Hai Qing and Huang Hai Bo's sketch "Good Times", Zhu Jun asked everyone, "Did the sketch give force just now? The audience cheered. In Lingao County, Hainan Province, when adults discourage children from fighting during the Chinese New Year, they often say to children who hit people, you are a little brother, and you won't grow up! This is Lingao dialect. According to research, "Geili" has been used in Lingao dialect for more than 700 years! See Lingao County Records 1972p37 for details.

What did netizens say the most during the World Cup? Not offside, not advancing, but forcing. "Spain is great." "Not awesome, Germany." ..... Sighs like this are endless. At the same time, this word has also been used in the six episodes of comic book "Japan and Peace" dubbed by "cucn20 1". In this episode of Journey to the West-the End of the Journey, at the beginning of the picture, three apprentices (animated as Eight Rings Going First) arrived in Tianzhu after suffering, and found that the so-called Tianzhu only had a small flag that read "Tianzhu". The master and disciples were shocked, and Wukong said without complaint, "Is this Tianzhu?" Not bad, old. " . The so-called "no force" is far from your expected goal. And "geili" naturally means helpful, useful and face-saving. Later, many netizens often quoted the word "geili", such as "this person is too awesome", "everything is awesome" and "geili boutique".

The above sources are not comprehensive. In fact, the word "geili" evolved from Minnan dialect. It can be said that Chaozhou dialect (a dialect close to Minnan dialect in Shantou, Chaozhou) can directly explain "geili" with "enough force", which is clear at a glance! ! Chaozhou dialect is "strong enough", that is, strong enough to achieve the expected purpose. In Minnan dialect and Hainan dialect, geili means wonderful and great.

In Maotai dialect, "geili" can be expressed by "deli".

The meaning of "Zuli" in Zhangzhou dialect in southern Fujian is not quite commensurate with the word "Geili" in the official newspaper. It is more appropriate to use the word "jili" in Zhangzhou dialect of southern Fujian, which is explained in the next paragraph. You can look up "Li Ji" in Zhang Qiang's Minnan Dictionary, or look up ""in the Minnan Common Words Dictionary of the Ministry of Education of Taiwan Province Province.

Explanation of the word "geili": geili is not a foreign word, but a southern Fujian Zhangzhou dialect, which originated from the southern Fujian dialect of the ancient Central Plains. The pronunciation of the word "gei" in Zhangzhou and "self-sufficiency" is the same as the local pronunciation of "Ji", "Ge" and "Ji". Mandarin is not pronounced as "gěi", but is homophony with "Li" or "Li". The original pronunciation is [kik-là. "Geili" is a verb and can also be used as an adjective. Express concentration, effort, and exertion. For example, in Zhangzhou, babies learn to lift their legs on the stairs, and adults will say "awesome"; For another example, if someone tries his best to accomplish something, people will praise him for being "awesome". The article "Jiangsu is a strong cultural province" is very appropriate in Zhangzhou dialect.

The Minnan language of "Geili" is "Li Ji", which is pronounced as [kik-làt]. Push, push. Hold your breath and do your best. Example: Ji Li Ji Jiaji has a red face. (I kik-làt kik kah kui-êbén & amp； acircNg-ki-ki)。 He blushed. ) The Dictionary of Common Words in Minnan, published by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan Province Province, has the meanings of "neologism" and "geili". See the extended reading link below.

Explain the excitation (gik7- 1lat8) in Minnan Zhang Qiang dictionary (see the link below).

Hold your breath: I kicked the door open (he kicked it open hard). 2 make your muscles nervous: your hand ~, I can inject, I can inject. (Hold your hand tightly and let me have an injection) (3) You refuse to do your best: you are a boy who has done his homework, but you haven't finished it for a long time. You, a child, have been trying to do your homework. You haven't finished it for so long. In this sentence, ~ is followed by "Zi [a]", which is just the opposite of no belt)

Another example: you are so excited that you can't even be a fairy. If you don't work hard, the gods can't help you.

The explanation in Zhang Qiang's Minnan Dictionary (see the link below) is enough.

(1) sufficient strength; Strong enough: the family has never talked alone, so let's get together and talk. It's not enough for me to talk about it alone. Let's all talk about it. ) 2 = Enough-7 has reached a very serious level or degree: cold armor ~ (freezing badly)-going to the other side to scold armor really ~ (making him scold badly)-Yi wrote a postscript at the top of the mountain. He fell at the top of the mountain.

The word "mo" in Minnan dialect is pronounced as [Bo? K] means no. For its meaning and pronunciation, please refer to the word "Mo" in the dictionary of Minnan common words in Taiwan Province Province of the Ministry of Education. "Mojili" in Zhangzhou dialect of Minnan dialect means no effort.

In addition, in Zhangzhou dialect, the words "Wu Yao" (the consonant is [bvue3- 1], "Ai [m6-5ai5]", "Wu", "Zheng" and "Zhen" can be used with "Ji Li", and their meanings are respectively: refusal.

"Bugeili" is transformed from "Li Ji" and "Mojili", which comes from Minnan dialect and earlier from Heluo dialect in ancient Central Plains, and is not a new word.

Netizen "Flowers in Night X" suggested that the word "Geili" is suitable for written language. 20 10 is used to using some written language in online oral English to increase the conversation atmosphere or for teasing. If "Give" appears alone, it is pronounced as "gei", such as: Give something to me! If it appears in the form of words, it is "Ji", such as: Please help (Ji)! So "Geili" is pronounced as "Li Ji".

Yesterday, Dr. Gao Haibo from Zhongnan University of Economics and Law revealed that according to his research, the most popular online word "geili" is actually an ancient word.

Yesterday, Dr. Gao Haibo, a lecturer at the School of Journalism and Cultural Communication of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, told Changjiang Daily: According to his research, "geili" was a way for the ancient Chinese government to pay salaries to officials, that is, to pay salaries to officials in the form of forced labor. Specifically, according to the rank of officials, the imperial court allocated a number of servitude to farm fields or provide domestic service for officials free of charge. In the Dictionary of Chinese Political System (version 1990) newly edited by Liu Guo and published by China Social Publishing House, there is an entry of "official power system".

Dr. Gao said that since the Qin and Han Dynasties, all the imperial courts have formulated laws and regulations, and adult men must perform compulsory military service for the imperial courts in addition to receiving food. People who take voluntary labor have different names, such as "strength faction", "service faction", "official faction" and "forcing the people". Therefore, the court provided services to officials, which was called "geili". Even if the compulsory service system was abolished, the court still converted it into money and then distributed it to officials according to the authorized number, often exceeding the salary of officials.

It is said that somewhere in 20 10, in a middle school physics class, the teacher vividly explained Newton's laws of motion:

Niu Yi: Without power, there is no exercise;

Niuer: Exercise as soon as you give strength;

Niu San: You give me strength.

Since then, this word has spread widely and become one of the hottest online words in 20 10! Ye Jun, an associate professor of Jilin University who has been engaged in cross-cultural communication research for a long time, told the reporter that although she has not studied these two words specially, she thinks that it is normal for the two words to soar in popularity among the people, which fully shows the vitality of society and the strong sense of innovation of the people to some extent, and also shows that people are trying to express their rich inner world in this shorter language.

Some people often use the following sentence to ridicule "life lacks waves, work lacks passion, and this time is too weak" to express their feelings about stage life and work. In the People's Daily

The online hot word "Geili" appeared on the front page of People's Daily. 20 10110/010, the headline of People's Daily, "Jiangsu is a strong cultural province", surprised many people. People's Daily, which has always been known for its seriousness and rigor, adopted such a "tide" title, which immediately triggered a heated discussion. After a netizen posted a screenshot of this title on Weibo, the netizen shouted "The title is awesome".

Internet Hot Words in Party Newspapers

This article is entitled "Reform and attack to generate dynamic policy innovation that stimulates vitality, accumulates strength and releases ability". The article is about 3,200 words, which mainly introduces the gorgeous transformation of Jiangsu from a "big cultural province" to a "strong cultural province" based on the above three aspects. Compared with the fashionable title, the word "geili" is not mentioned in the article.

Geili, originally a network language, first appeared in the Chinese dubbing version of the Japanese funny animation Journey to the West: The End of Journey to the West, which is a mixed product of dialects in various parts of China. Its meaning is similar to "Niu", "Bang" and "Shuang", and it is often used as an exclamation. In addition, in practical use, you can also add a negative prefix, such as "no power", which means that an event or someone brings you a feeling of disappointment.

Another way of saying it is that the word "geili" evolved from Minnan dialect, meaning wonderful and great.

During the 20 10 World Cup, the word "geili" became popular and widely used by netizens, and some netizens coined a new English word-unge Livable.

The word "geili" won the top ten online buzzwords in 20 10.

Geili appeared on the front page of People's Daily and won the top ten cultural events of 20 10.

Upper new york Times

The article said that "Geili" means "cool", "awesome" or "cool" in China network, which is frequently used in many media reports and online conversations. From the perspective of Chinese grammar, "geili" stands for "geili", but now it has become the most appropriate word to describe "awesome" in China.

What's more, the word was transliterated into English "gelivable" and French "très gué Li Le" by ingenious netizens in China.

Many netizens call it "accident"

Like the previous online hot words such as "embarrassment", "geili" originally belonged to the "self-entertainment" of netizens, and this time it made headlines in People's Daily, which immediately triggered a heated discussion. In Weibo alone, as of 20: 00 last night, the news had been forwarded thousands of times, with nearly a thousand comments. Most netizens expressed surprise at this. Some people shouted, "Today's People's Daily is very powerful!" .

In addition to surprise, many netizens said that the People's Daily's adoption of online neologisms is a sign of keeping up with the Internet trend and being close to netizens.

The day before, that is,165438+10.9, People's Daily published the article "Blocking information is unrealistic in the network age" by Ye Hao, the propaganda minister of Nanjing Municipal Committee. Among them, it said: "Leading cadres at all levels should attach great importance to online public opinion, and make surfing the Internet in person and understanding public opinion a necessary homework for going to work every day." Some commentators believe that "since leading cadres are online to understand public opinion, the People's Daily, as the organ of the Party Committee, uses online vocabulary, which undoubtedly conforms to this trend and is also an intangible encouragement and recognition."

Some people questioned the wrong use.

However, some netizens think that the People's Daily's use of "geili" is puzzling, because in general, netizens use "geili" as an adjective or an exclamation, and it seems that "geili is a strong cultural province" will not work. Netizen "Li Peng" said on Weibo: I asked all netizens: When netizens use this word, should it be used as an adjective or a verb? What words did People's Daily use? Is it suitable?

Others are "worried" about the front page editor of People's Daily. Some netizens said that they don't know if the editor checks whether it is "awesome". In this regard, He Wei, editor-in-chief of the People's Daily Opinion News Edition, responded in his Weibo: "The attention is very strong, but everything is a cloud ..."

The voice of "Bo You"

@ jingjingjingjingjing: "Geili" has become a popular online phrase of 20 10!

@ Yang Huatao: I just went to look at the newspaper folder. It's true. This is the most serious time I have read People's Daily in recent months.

@ Jingjing Jingjing: This is a small step for online hot words, but it is a big step for China language.

@ 丠丠丠丠: It's not a PS, is it?

@ 丠丠丠: "Geili" is an adjective, not a verb, so it is useless.

@ Go away, Pinball: Combined with the subtitle, this "force" makes sense. Gree here is a verb-object phrase, not a network noun.

Netizens create English words.

"ungelivable" means "Don't force it"

If you can't remember thousands of English words, you might as well create a new one that is easy to remember and interesting. Yesterday, a Weibo published by Life Weekly was forwarded tens of thousands of times in just a few hours. At first glance, the former Weibo confidently declared: "A new word was born: ungelivable!" Netizens who are smiling have reprinted "If you don't turn, you can't live!"

Netizens speak English, but foreigners can't understand it.

The word ungelivable, although it seems to be English, embodies the lexical logic of combining Chinese and western. The prefix "un-" means negative in English and can be translated as "no"; The suffix "-able" means that a word is an adjective in English; The middle "Gree" is a direct transliteration of the Chinese word "Geili". Compared with other English words, this Chinglish word basically conforms to the rules of English word formation, the only difference is that foreigners will never understand it.

Although foreigners can't understand it, ungelivable is very popular among netizens in China. "Ang gives the collar strength!" Netizens not only understood its pronunciation for the first time, but also pushed the performance "No power is no power, and power is power." "Haha, this word is awesome!" Well-known Weibo reprinted this matter in succession, and the forwarding volume quickly exceeded 10,000. Netizens joked that ungelivable may be the fastest spreading English word in history.

If gelivable is really included in the English dictionary, first of all, it should be attributed to the original Chinese word "bug". According to reports, the word "geili" may come from the northeast or southern Fujian dialect, which has a great and wonderful meaning. Now it is often used to describe things as "full of energy", "exciting" and "feeling strong".

Common sense of Chinglish

Chinglish refers to English with the pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary characteristics of China people, which is called "Chinglish" in English, and the word itself is a combination of Chinese and English.

Perhaps the most famous Chinglish is long time no see, which was once regarded as a joke by foreigners, but now it has become a standard English phrase.

Study hard, make progress every day (study hard, make progress every day) and niubility are also well-known Chinglish.

There is a "Save Chinglish" group on Facebook, a well-known social networking site, which has collected more than 2,500 Chinglish articles with more than 8,000 members.

The American Global Language Monitor recently released a report saying that Chinglish has contributed 5% to 20% of the words that have joined the ranks of international English since 1994, surpassing any other source and becoming the main source of new English words.