What are the typos and simplified characters in China since ancient times?

The word "No. 1 in the world" is wrong - "Avoid"

It is said to be "No. 1 in the world", because firstly, this word has great influence, and secondly, it was written by the emperor, so it is true The actual writing is wrong, and no reasonable explanation can be found. This plaque is hung above the middle door of the Meridian Gate in the main palace of the Summer Resort. The plaque is surrounded by gilt bronze dragon reliefs. There are four shining golden characters in the center of the blue plaque: "Summer Resort". At a glance, you will find that there is an extra horizontal line written in the lower part of "Xin" on the right side of the word "avoid" (see picture). Who wrote this typo? It came from the hand of the famous Emperor Kangxi. It is the emperor's own handwriting and was inscribed in the 50th year of Kangxi.

Kangxi wrote an extra horizontal line, and his officials should have noticed it immediately, but the emperor was a man of words, and even if he wrote something wrong, he would be right. Who dared to remind the emperor that he made a mistake? Besides, the emperor had the privilege of creating characters.

The most telling typo - "fish"

"Viewing Fish in Huagang" is one of the ten scenic spots in West Lake. The monument "Viewing Fish in Huagang" is from Kangxi Royal pen. The four dots under the traditional Chinese character "鱼" on the monument became three dots, one less. It would be understandable to say that Emperor Kangxi couldn't write "Escape" in the Summer Resort, but it is really unreasonable that he can't write "fish". It turns out that there is a legend here. It's not that Kangxi couldn't write this character, but that he made an "intentional mistake". It turns out that Kangxi believed in Buddhism and had a good life. When he inscribed the inscription, he thought it was not good to have four dots under the word "fish" because in the old days the four dots represented "fire". Can fish survive when roasted under fire? This is killing. Ah, so I intentionally wrote a little less - the three dots become "water", so that the fish can swim in the lake and live freely.

The most philosophical typo - "liu"

If the typo is "intentional", the writer will add his or her own reasoning. In the Pingshan Hall of Daming Temple in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the plaque "Sitting on Flowers and Carrying the Moon" on the right side of the main hall was inscribed by Ma Fuxiang, one of the famous "Three Horses" of Ningxia in the early years of the Republic of China; the plaque on the left "Feng Liu Wan Zai" was from Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty It is said that Liu Kunyi, the governor of Liangjiang in the early years, made it in memory of Ouyang Xiu, who was an official in Yangzhou. There are two typos in the four characters "风流万zai": there is less word "liu" and more word "zai".

What's going on? It turns out that Ouyang Xiu, a famous historical figure, was a "romantic prefect" when he was in Yangzhou. He had many affairs under the pomegranate skirt of a Yangzhou beauty who was good at style and good at sex. Less romance.

Liu Kun deliberately wrote less "liu" in "风流万zai" and more "zai". The meaning is self-evident. He hopes to be less romantic and more realistic, which is very philosophical. , and at the same time, it was pointed out that Ouyang Xiu's improper behavior at that time was pointed out. This kind of wording is just right, so no one has said "three questions and four" until now. It has a similar whimsy to the two words "Chong Er" (meaning "wind and moon are boundless") handwritten by Emperor Qianlong on the stone tablet in the West Lake Pavilion in Hangzhou. territory.

The most common typo - "明"

The emperor wrote a typo, and there were also typos on the emperor's mausoleum. On the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang in Nanjing, careful visitors can find at least two typos: on the protection monument of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, "Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum" is written as "Xiao Xiaoling Mausoleum"; when entering the Ming Tower, on the top of the mausoleum On the stone wall directly south, there are seven characters: "The tomb of Emperor Taizu of Shu on this mountain", in which "Ming" is also written as "Shu".

These two "眜" are different from one less "fish" and one more horizontal "avoidance". "Yu" and "Avoid" were created by the emperor and had "legitimacy". The character "眜" was written by a calligrapher and can be classified as an artistic character or calligraphy style.

The most amazing typo - "富"

Confucius Mansion in Qufu, Shandong Province can be said to be the most cultural place in the world, but when tourists go to Confucius Mansion, they cannot enter the gate. You can see very obvious typos. Right above the gate of Confucius' Mansion hangs a plaque with the words "Holy Mansion" on a blue background and gold characters. There is a couplet on both sides that reads: "With the mansion of Guo Xianxiu Anfu Zunrong, the same day as the home of the moral saint Bing Lao Wen", the first couplet The word "rich" in the middle is missing a little, and the treasure hijab becomes a bald treasure hijab. Looking at the second line, there is also a word that is written very irregularly: the vertical line below the word "Zhang" goes all the way to the top.

How did the most cultured place come up with this joke? In fact, this is not a joke, but one of the most cultured typos. The beauty of the mistake lies in its meaning: "Fu" without a head means "wealth has no head"; a vertical head under the word "Zhang" means "the article reaches the sky". Two typos immediately reflected the extraordinary status of the Confucius family. Not only did no one say it was a typo, but tourists praised it after understanding it.

It is said that these two typos in Kongfu were a stroke of genius and came from the guidance of an immortal. According to legend, on the day when Kong Guangsi, the 42nd generation grandson of Confucius, got married, a deity happened to be passing by and encountered the word "rich" written on the screen wall in front of the house. The immortal erased a bit from the word "rich", and the Kong family was surprised. The immortal revealed the mystery, saying that the Kong family should not be too rich and should "get rid of a little bit".

There are also relatively new typos:

For example: in the first three editions of RMB, "two" was written incorrectly for "two jiao and two yuan"; in the Carrefour plaque, "家" was missing A flick;