Illogical

In the writing process, you must pay attention to the logical relationship between sentences, otherwise it is easy to produce illogical jokes.

The so-called "illogical" means that the meaning expressed by the sentence does not make sense and does not conform to objective facts. Some of these problems are caused by the author's misunderstanding of objective things, and some are caused by improper language expression.

Common illogical problems mainly include the following situations:

(1) Unclear concept: People would rather eat some fresh pears, peaches, and fruits instead of eating them regularly. Take vitamin C pills. Corrected answer: "Melon and fruit" includes "pear" and "peach", and the three cannot be combined.

(2) Contradiction: He got off the bus here, and I concluded that he was probably a local. Corrected answer: "Conclusion" is an affirmative inference, and "probably" is an estimate, forming a state of self-contradiction.

(3) Misuse of quantity: The number of students participating in extracurricular activities has doubled compared with yesterday. Corrected answer: "Reduced by twice" is incorrect, and "multiples" cannot be used to express a reduced amount.

(4) Conceptual confusion: Farms are determined to increase the production of grain, cotton and cash crops. Corrected answer: "Cotton" is a "cash crop" and the two cannot be combined. Concepts range in scope from large to small. In general, large concepts and small concepts cannot be juxtaposed; when classifying, small categories must be included in large categories.

(5) Unreasonable: As long as there is water, crops can survive. This is the most basic common sense. Corrected answer: "As long as..." means that there will be results if the conditions are met, but in this sentence this is not in line with the principles of life. Crops also need other conditions to survive. "Only if..." should be used, indicating that there are conditions but not necessarily result, but this condition is a necessary condition.

(6) Multiple negation: In recent years, we have almost never forgotten the primary school teachers who taught us. Corrected answer: "All the time" means "all the time", the meaning of the sentence becomes "We forget all the time...", multiple negations are inappropriate. A negative makes a positive (a rhetorical question also counts as negative).

(7) Reversal of subject and object: At that time, newspapers had very few opportunities to contact me. Corrected answer: The original sentence means "I have very few opportunities to contact newspapers." "I" is the "host" and "newspaper" is the "guest". The "host" should come first and the "guest" should come last. .

(8) Inconsistency: Today, all the leaders of our school went to the Xuenong Base to participate in labor, and basically no one was left in the office. Corrected answer: It said "everyone has gone to..." before, and then said "basically no one was left behind", which is inconsistent.

(9) Imposing cause and effect: My friend recently went to the south, and his thoughts remained the same. Corrected answer: After going to the South, my thoughts changed when I came back. It can be said that it was the result of going to the South. How can it be said that "the thoughts are still the same" now as a result of going to the south? It is an imposed cause and effect.

How to modify these illogical and erroneous sentences, you must do 1. Review the requirements: according to the requirements of the question (some require modification of improperly used words, some require modification of grammatically faulty sentences, Some require deleting redundant words in the sentence, etc.), and pay attention to connecting the previous and next sentences or the entire paragraph. 2. Identify the type: The way to quickly identify the type is to "extract the main stem method". If the main stem has no grammatical defects, immediately check the additional components to see if there are grammatical defects between the modifier and the central language and within the modifier, and then check whether there are any logical problems. . 3. Clarify the method: For specific language problems, use the basic methods for modifying incorrect sentences provided above to modify them

The "Five Methods" for modifying illogical and incorrect sentences 1. Add: Use the addition method for incomplete sentences. Method 2. Delete: Use the deletion method for incorrect sentences with redundant components. Method 3. Tune: Use transposition for incorrect sentences with improper collocation and word order. Method 4. Replacement: Use the substitution method for improperly worded sentences. Method 5. Simplify: Use the simplified method for incorrect sentences with mixed sentence patterns and confusing structures.

Principles for modifying illogical sentences: 1. Keep the original meaning; 2. Don’t change it if you can; 3. Change one place, but not two places; 4. Keep the sentence concise.

For example, the modifications to the following sentences.

1: Wu Huali, the public security chief of Huizhou City, Guangdong, took office only nine months ago. He used legitimate or improper means to collect huge bribes. He visited Macau 72 times and lost more than 10 million yuan in gambling alone. , was severely punished by law.

Correction: "Collecting bribes" cannot use "legitimate", just remove the three words "legitimate" or "legitimate".

2: There are three taboos in stock market investment: One taboo is following blindly. The second taboo is to choose improperly, and the third taboo is to throw it out in time.

Correction; it should be said "Three avoidances of not throwing out in time" plus the word "not".

3: Many people of insight believe that issues such as insecurity, dishonesty and cultural contamination have now become bottlenecks restricting the further development of the Internet industry.

Correction; the "no" in "unsafe" and "dishonest" should be deleted.

Writing is a rigorous job, and illogical statements will cause ambiguity for readers and produce wrong results. Rigorous logic will make people feel clear, logical, easy to understand, and increase persuasiveness. It will push readers down, improving reading pleasure and efficiency. (2020.07.30)