What are the topics for the Mandarin proficiency test?

1. My wish. It's best to say that your wish is to be a teacher, because generally the Mandarin test is for the teacher qualification certificate. If you say this, the tester may relax a little! And I think it would be easier to write about being a teacher. Even if you don’t want to be a teacher, just say this reluctantly!

2. My study life. Just click on the question at the beginning, and then even if I have been practicing Mandarin recently for the Mandarin test. Then just tell me how to practice Mandarin.

3. People I respect. You can just write about your teacher, father or mother. First, tell me who you respect, and then tell me one thing, such as how your teacher educates you, your father teaches you how to swim, and how your mother cares about you. Anyway, it’s easiest to say one thing.

4. My favorite animals. Tell me what animal you like best, and then tell me that you have such an animal at home, and tell an interesting story between you and this animal.

5. Childhood memories. People I respect can be listed on the same topic. For example, how did your father teach you to swim, how did your mother teach you how to pick up gold and so on.

6. A career I like. You can write that you like being a teacher. Even if you don't like it, no one will investigate whether what you say is true.

7. An unforgettable trip. Write about where you traveled, click on the beautiful scenery somewhere, and then talk about the interesting things that happened there.

8. My friend. Let’s talk about something between you and a friend of yours!

9. The literature I like. This seems to be my favorite form of literature and art, right? Write about a certain novel that you like, and then talk about the plot of that novel.

10. Talk about hygiene and health. From the perspective of food hygiene, we can talk about diseases entering through the mouth, and then give an example of how I ate in a small shop with poor hygiene conditions, and ended up with diarrhea when I went back. From the perspective of environmental health, let’s talk about unclean environments breeding bacteria and attracting many mosquitoes, cockroaches and rats. Let’s talk about a report last year that viruses from rats can be transmitted to humans, resulting in death.

Extended information

The Putonghua Proficiency Test (PSC: PUTONGHUA SHUIPING CESHI) is a speaking test that corresponds to the test taker's standard level of using Mandarin. All test content is administered orally. The proficiency levels of Mandarin are divided into three and six levels, namely Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3. Each level is further divided into two levels: Level A and Level B; Level 1 A is the highest and Level 3 B is the lowest.

The Mandarin proficiency test is not an assessment of eloquence, but a test and assessment of the standardization level of the test taker in mastering and using Mandarin. It is a standard Chinese language test for the test taker. The degree of standardization of pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar demonstrated by the examinee in the process of expressing in spoken Mandarin is an important basis for assessing the level of proficiency he or she has achieved.

Scoring criteria

Fold and read monosyllabic words

Exclude soft-sounding and infantile syllables

Purpose: To examine the test taker’s initial consonants and finals , the pronunciation of tones.

Requirements: In 100 syllables, each initial consonant generally appears no less than 3 times. If it is missing or easily confused in the dialect, add 1-2 times; each final consonant generally appears no less than 2 times. times, the finals that are missing or easily confused in the dialect may be added 1-2 times. Characters with the same initial consonants or finals should be arranged separately. Do not make double sounds or overlapping rhymes occur in adjacent syllables.

Scoring: This score accounts for 10% of the total score, which is 10 points. 0.1 points will be deducted for mispronunciation of the initial consonant, final rhyme or tone of a word. If the pronunciation is defective, 0.05 points will be deducted for each word. A word is allowed to be read twice, that is, if the examinee finds that there is a slip of the tongue in the first pronunciation, he can read it again and the second pronunciation will be judged.

Time limit: 3 minutes. Points will be deducted for overtime (0.5 points for 3-4 minutes, 0.8 points for more than 4 minutes).

Pronunciation defects were only recorded in two categories: 1st reading of monosyllabic words and 2nd reading of bisyllabic words. Defects in pronunciation in item 1 mainly refer to the inaccurate pronunciation position of the initial consonant, but it does not mean that one type of initial consonant in Mandarin is pronounced as another type of initial consonant. For example, the front consonants j, q, and x are pronounced too close to z, c, s; or replace the correct pronunciation position of a certain type of initial consonant in Mandarin with a closer position.

For example, pronouncing the front-tonal consonants j, q, and It is read as the tip of the tongue, etc.; defects in the pronunciation of finals are mostly manifested in the obvious insufficient rounding of the lips of the finals of closed mouth and pinched mouths, resulting in poor sense of speech; or the obvious insufficient opening of the finals of open mouths, and obvious inconsistency in auditory properties;

Or the tongue position of the compound vowel is obviously insufficient, etc.; the tone shape and tone are basically correct, but the tone value is obviously low or high, especially if the relative high points or low points of the four tones are obviously inconsistent, it is judged that It is a tone pronunciation defect; this type of defect is generally systematic, and each tone is deducted for 5 single-tone errors. If both items 1 and 2 have the same problem, points will be deducted for both items.

Fold and read two-syllable words

Purpose: In addition to examining the test taker's pronunciation of initial consonants, finals and tones, the pronunciation of rising tones, rhymes and soft tones is also examined.

Requirements: 50 disyllables can be regarded as 100 monosyllables, and the number of occurrences of initial consonants and finals is roughly the same as that of monosyllabic words. In addition, words with upper tones connected to upper tones no less than 2 times, upper tones connected to other tones no less than 4 times; soft tones no less than 3 times; rhymes with children (arurierüer) no less than 4 times, the arrangement of words Avoid clustering of the same test items.

Scoring: This score accounts for 20% of the total score, which is 20 points. 0.2 points will be deducted for mispronunciation of the initial consonant, final consonant or tone of a syllable. 0.1 points will be deducted for each obvious flaw in pronunciation.

Time limit: 3 minutes. Points will be deducted for overtime (1 point will be deducted for 3-4 minutes, 1.6 points will be deducted for more than 4 minutes).

In addition to the same as those mentioned in item 1, the pronunciation defects refer to those that are obviously unsatisfactory in pronunciation of Erhuayun and should be included.

For the two tests 1 and 2, if one or both of them lose 10% of the score respectively, that is, if you lose 1 point for 1 question, or if you lose 2 points for 2 questions, the test taker’s Mandarin level will be determined. Cannot enter level one.

If the examinee has obvious pronunciation defects, even if the total score reaches the first level A, he will be downgraded to the first level B.

Fold and read aloud

3. Read aloud from the reading materials (No. 1-50) in Part 5 of the "Test Outline".

Purpose: To examine the candidate's ability to read written materials in Mandarin, focusing on pronunciation, continuous pronunciation changes (rising tone, "一", "不"), intonation (tone) and other items.

Scoring: This score accounts for 30% of the total score. That is 30 minutes. The first 400 words (excluding punctuation) of each material are cumulatively calculated. 0.1 points will be deducted for each pronunciation error, 0.1 points will be deducted for missing a word, and points will be deducted for varying degrees of dialect and intonation (3 points will be deducted for outstanding problems; If it is obvious, 2 points will be deducted; if it is slightly reflected, 1.5 points will be deducted. If you pause or break sentences improperly, 1 point will be deducted; if you speak too fast or too slowly, 2 points will be deducted.

Time limit: 4 minutes. 1 point will be deducted for more than 4 minutes and 30 seconds.

Note: The number of words in each reading material (1-50) is slightly different. In order to achieve consistent scoring standards, the first part of the reading material selected by the candidate will be deducted in the test. Mistakes within 400 words (each article has a mark after 400 words) will be counted cumulatively; however, the intonation and speaking speed should be examined throughout the article. From the perspective of the test requirements, the 50 works that provide candidates with exercises should be considered. A whole, fully mastered through practice before taking the test

Folding Speaking

Purpose: To examine the candidate's ability to speak Mandarin and the degree of standardization it can achieve without any written language. . Mainly one-way speaking, supplemented by two-way dialogue between the examiner and the examinee when necessary: ??The examinee will speak for 4 minutes based on the topics determined by drawing lots (not less than 3 minutes, and the examiner will speak for 4 minutes). Please ask the test taker to stop).

Scoring: This score accounts for 30% of the total score, which includes:

(1) Voice appearance accounts for 20%. That's 20 points.

The grades are:

Grade 1, 20 points for pronunciation standards

Grade 2, 18 points for pronunciation errors less than 10 times, and some square sounds are not obvious;

Grade 3 For 16 points, the speech errors are less than 10 times, but the dialect sound is more obvious; or the dialect sound is not obvious, but the speech errors are roughly between 10 and 15 times;

For the fourth grade, the speech errors for 14 points are less than 10 times. - Between 15 and 15 times, the phonetic pronunciation is more obvious;

The 10-minute pronunciation errors in the fifth gear exceed 15 times, and the square pronunciation is obvious;

The sixth gear and 8-point pronunciation errors are many, and the square pronunciation is heavy .

If the voice appearance is determined to be in the second grade (or below), even if the total score is above 96, it will not be admitted to Class A; if the voice appearance is determined to be in the fifth grade, even if the total score is above 87 points, It is also impossible to enter the second class A; those with the above conditions should be downgraded within the class.

(2) The standardization of vocabulary and grammar accounts for 5%. The scoring levels are:

The first level is 5 points, the vocabulary and grammar are in compliance with the standards;

The second level is 4 points, occasionally the vocabulary or grammar is not in compliance with the standards;

Level 3: Vocabulary and grammar frequently do not comply with standards;

(3) Natural fluency accounts for 5%, which is 5 points. The scoring levels are:

The first level is 5 points and is natural and fluent;

The second level is 4 points and is basically fluent, with poor oral English (similar to memorizing a manuscript);

The speaking speed of the third gear 3 points is inappropriate and the words are incoherent; the speaking time is insufficient and the examiner must use two-way conversations to make up for it. The above scoring method is used in the trial phase. As the situation changes, the proportion of speaking scores should be increased appropriately.

Folding errors and defects

(1) Error: pronounce an initial consonant, final or tone as another sound, rhyme, or read it according to the pronunciation of the dialect.

For example: Wrong initial consonants: such as pronouncing Z C S as ZH CH SH or ZH CH SH as Z C S, etc. Wrong finals: For example, O is pronounced as e (bo-be), ing eng is pronounced as ong (ying-yong), etc. Tone errors: Mandarin has four tones. If the candidate’s pronunciation retains the tone pattern of the dialect, it is an error.

(2) Defect: refers to the transition state of one or more syllable components in the pronunciation of syllables from dialect to Mandarin. (That is, although it is not pronounced as another one, the place of articulation is inaccurate)

Initial consonant defects: For example, the back tip sounds zh, ch, sh, although they are not pronounced as the front tip sounds z, c, s, but The place of articulation is too far forward, and the sound value is quite different from that of Mandarin initial consonants. The lingual sounds j, q, and x are too close to z, c, and s when pronounced, causing friction on the tip of the tongue. Such as Penglai, Weihai, and Wendeng areas: spirit, interest, and appearance.

Final defects: For example: the tongue movement of compound finals is obviously insufficient, and the sliding process is not reflected. (That is, the gradual change of tongue position and lip shape during the compounding process of vowels is not enough, and part of the pronunciation changes are omitted.) For example, cotton-padded jacket (-ao-[ ]) should be (-iao-[ ])

Tone defects: I can basically read the four tones of Mandarin, but the tone is not in place, obviously low or high, and I cannot clearly read the contrast between ordinary high and low tones. (According to the test rules, if a single-byte word loses a total of 1 point, it cannot enter the first level.)