Who are the eight great comedians in ancient China?

I. Dreaming in seclusion II, Zhuangzi III, Dong Fangshuo IV, Ruan Jiwu, Su Shi (Su Dongpo) VI, Tang Yin (Tang Bohu) VII, Jin Shengtan VIII, Ji Yun (Ji Xiaolan) I. Dreaming in seclusion: birthplace in the Spring and Autumn Period: Chu Occupation: Xi You (court burlesque actor) Specialty: ridicule and satire hobby: imitating and performing similar comedians. You Meng expressed deep sympathy and was determined to remonstrate with Chu Zhuangwang. He disguised himself as Sun Shuaio, imitating his manners. After more than a year's practice, he finally reached the point where it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. At a palace banquet, Youmeng came as Sun Shuai. Chu Zhuangwang was surprised, thinking that Sun Shuai had been resurrected and was going to worship him. Youmeng said that she would discuss it with her wife and left. Three days later, Youmeng asked to see Chu Zhuangwang and conveyed his wife's words: "Sun Shuai served his country all his life, being honest and clean, and made Chu a leader. But after his death, his son was penniless and could only make a living by selling firewood. In this case, when Chu Xiang is not as good as suicide. " At this point, Chu Zhuangwang just understand the meaning of the dream, immediately called the son of Sun Shuai, to raise him again. Comments: Don't underestimate court artists such as You Meng. More than two thousand years ago, they dared to satirize princes and nobles. No wonder Sima Qian specially reserved a place for them in Historical Records and "grandly launched" in Biography of Funny Stories. You Meng imitated Sun Shuaio's successful performance, which proved that he was the first special actor in China. Because he shaped himself, he was naturally the earliest special makeup artist in China. Second, Zhuangzi era: birthplace of the Warring States Period: Song Dynasty (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) Occupation: Freelance (once a petty official) Specialty: Writing fables, main job: Zhuangzi hobby: traveling, debating the same kind of comedian: Hui Shi classic program: As Zhuangzi lay dying, his disciples were going to give him a heavy burial. Zhuangzi said, "Heaven and earth are my coffins, and the sun, moon and stars are Yu Pei buried with me. Everything in the world is given to me by God. Isn't everything buried with me complete? " Disciple said worriedly, "But I'm afraid eagles and crows will eat you!" " "Zhuangzi said," Crows will eat it in the open air, and ants will eat it when it is buried in the soil. Why are you so weird? "In Zhuangzi's view, death is a natural process, and it is also freedom and liberation, so he can be so free and easy in the face of death, so funny. Comment: Some people say that Zhuangzi is an old-school "nonsense", but in fact he didn't understand this philosopher. In that era when talented people came forth in large numbers, only he could really get rid of the fetters of the secular world and communicate with the spirit of heaven and earth alone, and he was worthy of being the first person in China's pursuit of personality liberation. 3. Times: Native place of the Western Han Dynasty: Pingyuan (now Lingxian County, Shandong Province) Occupation: official (when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty practiced medicine in Taizhong), amateur writer's specialty: being good at ci-fu's main works: difficult to answer guests, hobbies: telling jokes: once, following Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to visit Shanglinyuan and saw a big tree with lush foliage, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked him what kind of tree it was, and Dong Fangshuo said it was "good". Emperor Wu secretly sent someone to cut off the branches of the tree and marked them. Two years later, the monarch and his subjects passed the tree again. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deliberately asked Dong Fangshuo, "What's the name of this tree?" Dong Fangshuo also said it was "Qu Suo". Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sank his face and said, "After two years, the same tree has a different name. "? How dare you lie to me! "Dong Fangshuo calmly replied," A pony is called a pony, and a bigger one is called a horse. Chickens are called' chicks', and when they are older, they are called' chicks'; Calves are called calves, and older ones are called cows. When you are born, you are called' son' and when you are old, you are called' old man'; So is this tree! There is nothing fixed in the world. "The emperor listened to. Comment: Dong Fangshuo is knowledgeable, humorous and can be called the originator of cross talk. Because his nickname is "Manqian", some people used to call cross talk "Manqian Art". When Ma was young, he was knocked on the statue of the learned old man. Now it is out of fashion, and there are fewer and fewer cross talks. 4. Ruan Ji era: Born in the Three Kingdoms Wei and Jin Dynasties: Chen Liuwei (now Henan) Occupation: Nominal official, writer's specialty: writing sarcastic words, saying mysterious words, whistling and rolling his eyes. Main works: Biography of Mr. Adult. Hobbies: Wine and beauty are a kind of comedian: Liu Ling Classic Show: Once a banquet was held in the DPRK, Ruan Ji, who was a freelance, also went to eat and drink, and met with judicial officials to report the case. Ruan Ji interjected: "Hey! I can kill Lao Tzu, how can I kill your mother! " Hearing this, everyone was shocked. Si Mazhao immediately accused him: "Killing his father is also an unforgivable crime. How can you promise! "Ruan Ji calmly argued:" An animal knows its mother but doesn't know its father. Whoever kills his father is like an animal, and whoever kills his mother is worse than an animal. " The people present were speechless for a moment. Comments: Ruan Ji, who despised ethics, was regarded as the "angry youth" of his time, and every time he looked at "people with manners and customs", he was "white-eyed". He plays "cold humor" and doesn't talk much. When he spoke, he was sarcastic. Ruan Ji behaves strangely. When playing chess, he heard the bad news of his mother's death and insisted on playing chess as if nothing had happened. Then he drank two glasses of wine and vomited several liters of blood. He saw that the young woman selling wine next door was beautiful, so he magnetized it every day. Drunk and lying next to the liquor store, like a pile of mud. Judging from the way he expresses sadness and love, he is the originator of absurd performance art. 5. Su Shi (Su Dongpo) era: Northern Song Dynasty native place: Meishan, Meizhou (present-day Sichuan) occupation: official (but relegated) specialty: poetry and calligraphy main works: Nian Nujiao red cliff nostalgia; Hobbies: delicious food, joking with the same kind of comedian: Fo Yin classic show: Su Dongpo was arrested in Huzhou for Wutai poetry case and is now detained. At this critical juncture of life and death, Su Dongpo also told a ridiculous story: when he was in Song Zhenzong, he looked for hermits everywhere. There was a man named Yang Pu, who had a poetic title, but after being summoned, he said that he could not write poetry. So Song Zhenzong asked him, "Did someone give you a poem when he left?" Yang Pu replied: "Only my concubine sent a song-'Don't be depressed and have a glass of wine, don't be obsessed with poetry. I'm going to arrest the general today, and this time I'm going to ruin the old scalp. Zhen Zong smiled and asked him to retire to the mountains. Su Dongpo's story made all the people who saw him off laugh, and all the relatives and friends looked at him calmly on the road. Su Dongpo was demoted several times in his life, and even worked as an exile in Hainan Island, but he always lived an elegant life. Comments: Su Dongpo is a real optimist. His boldness is really like the river that never returns, with extraordinary momentum. Soviet-style humor shows the taste and talent of literati, which belongs to elegant art. Unfortunately, in the history of China, there are too few officials with personality, talent and people-friendliness, such as Su Like Dongpo. 6. Tang Yin (Tang Bohu) era: native place of Ming Dynasty: Wuxian (now Jiangsu) Occupation: selling paintings for a living. Specialty: painting, calligraphy, poetry and main works: Complete Works of Six Classics. Hobbies: making friends, picking up girls, and the same kind of comedian: Zhu Yunming's classic show: wandering around with his good friend Zhu Yunming, after spending all his money, disguised as a Taoist priest and went to Yushitai to raise money. When the prison messenger expelled them, Tang Bohu proudly said, "Don't think that we are just foodies. We are here to raise money to repair Yuanming Temple in Gusu. We often make friends with celebrities in the world, and Tang Bohu and Zhu Yunming are our good friends. " In order to test the authenticity, Shi Yu conveniently pointed to the cow sleeping stone on the roadside and asked them to write a poem. Both Tang and Zhu are effortless. One sentence is mine, and the other is yours. Now they sing a seven-rhythm: "The rugged rocks are hidden in the clouds and will be thrown away in a few years. Moss is caused by rain, and vines are dragged by the wind. Since ancient times, it has been difficult to cultivate the fields without eating grass by the stream. I can't afford to kill a shepherd boy, and the flute hangs with sunset smoke. " I was very happy with the suggestion, and immediately wrote to the county heads of Changzhou and Wuxian, asking them to contribute to the restoration of temples in 500 yuan. Tang Bohu, who was originally cheating money, went to eat, drink and be merry after getting the money, and then squandered it in a few days. Comments: Tang Bohu, known as "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River", was originally a genius, and won the first place in Yingtianfu after having obtained the rural examination. Who knows that he was arrested and imprisoned in the next year's exam because of the case in the examination room. After he was released from prison, he refused to be a small official and has been selling paintings for a living. Unlike those royal comedians, Tang Bohu is very influential among the people, and the legendary story of "San Xiao getting married" is almost a household name. Tang Bohu is often too interesting. Sometimes he is too young to do bad things. He was a social rebel of his time, and he was definitely an alternative talent. 7. Jin Shengtan era: Native place in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty: Wuxian (now Jiangsu) Occupation: Publisher's specialty: Comments on famous works: eating dog meat, talking about Zen, playing chess and dancing sword. Main works: The Water Margin classic play: Jin Shengtan was jailed and beheaded for the "Wailing Temple Case" in Suzhou. But he is very open-minded about life and death, and he is still very open-minded in prison. In his letter to his wife, he said, "Watch your words. Pickles and soybeans are eaten together and taste like walnuts. As soon as this law is passed, I have no regrets. "On the execution ground, he said to his two sons who had come to bid farewell," My son! There is one thing I must tell you. When eating spiced dried tofu, you should chew some peanuts at the same time. It tastes as delicious as ham. This is a secret. Do not spread it. "It was snowing heavily that day, and before he died, Jin Shengtan wrote a doggerel:" The sky is sad for us, and the mountains and rivers in Wan Li wear white heads. Tomorrow, rivers and mountains will come to mourn, and every household will shed tears. " After reading it, he laughed at the butcher knife and said, "decapitation is extremely painful;" "Without members, you will be miserable; Isn't it strange that the sigh was inadvertently obtained? " Comments: Jin Shengtan has a unique vision and is good at "shaking the burden". The books he approved are all witty remarks. However, a prodigy was born in the autocratic society of Daxing Literary Prison, and his fate tragedy was no accident. In ancient times, funny people and trusted ministers who entertained the emperor were sometimes in danger, not to mention intellectuals who "looked at the world coldly" and spoke freely. Feudal rulers were afraid of satirical art, and most comedians in ancient China did not come to a good end. The worst thing is Jin Shengtan who lost his head. Ji Yun (Ji Xiaolan) era: Native place of Qing Dynasty: Zhili xian county (present-day Hebei) Occupation: official, court scholar, editor's specialty: compiling documents and reciting poems. Main works: Wei Caotang's reading notes hobby: collecting anecdotes. Similar comedian: Liu Yong Classic Show: Ji Xiaolan was naughty when he was a child. One winter, wearing a cotton-padded jacket and holding a fan, he learned to look like a silly woman. A scholar from the south passed by here and was curious, so he stopped to pair up with Ji Xiaolan. As soon as the man sang the first part of "You wear winter clothes and shake the summer fan in spring and autumn", Ji Xiaolan immediately made the second part of "You live in the south and come to the north", and everyone burst into laughter. One day, Ji Xiaolan and other ministers were waiting for Emperor Qianlong to discuss this matter in the palace. When they didn't come, he said to his colleagues, "Why did the old man come so late?" This happened to be heard by the upcoming Emperor Qianlong, who sharply asked what an "old man" was. When everyone was trembling with fear, Ji Xiaolan calmly replied: "Long life is called old age, standing tall and standing tall, and mom and dad call children." Emperor Qianlong turned anger into joy after hearing this. Comment: Ji Xiaolan was called a "child prodigy" when he was young. Although he is naughty, he is also the first. As a recent minister, he almost became an arty comedian of Emperor Qianlong. At that time, there was no TV, and most people couldn't see his funny programs, but according to word of mouth, his classic jokes still make ordinary people feel happy until now. What people have to accept is that Ji Xiaolan wrote poems and legends, and also presided over the compilation of the super-large Sikuquanshu. If you ask what is the difference between ancient and modern comedians? Just two words: "culture".