Classical Chinese Reading Wei Yunqi

1. Wei Yunqi bluntly stated the inconvenience

Translation: Liu Shu, Minister of the Ministry of War, is the grandson of Liu Qing.

He married Princess Lanling. Relying on Emperor Wen's favor and trust, Liu Shu became so domineering that even Yang Su's people flocked to him.

Emperor Wen said to Wei Yunqi, a man whose seal had been in existence for ten thousand years, "If there are things that are inconvenient to say directly outside, you can say them here." Liu Shu was standing beside Emperor Wen at that time.

Wei Yunqi reported to Emperor Wen: "Liu Shu is a proud and domineering man. He has not experienced any major events, and the important military power and confidential tasks are not something he can bear. It is only because he is the son-in-law of the Lord that he is able to do so." Holding an important position.

I am afraid that some people say that your Majesty does not choose talented people, but only chooses those he trusts. This is also detrimental to the government. " Emperor Wen thought Wei Yunqi's words were right and turned around. Said to Liu Shu: "Yunqi's words are good medicine for your illness.

You can regard him as a teacher and friend." Autumn, July, Bingxu (tenth day of the lunar month) , Emperor Wen issued an edict asking officials inside and outside the court to recommend people they knew.

Liu Shu recommended Wei Yunqi, and Emperor Wen appointed him as General Secretary. 2. Classical Chinese reading "Dou Wei"

Sorry, there are no reading questions online. I found the biography of Dou Wei from an old Tang book and translated it by hand, hoping it could be used as a reference.

Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was from Pinglu, Fufeng, and was Empress Taimu's father and brother. Father Chi, Taifu of Sui Dynasty. The Wei family is noble, and all Kun's brothers are also good at martial arts, but Wei is obsessed with literature and history, and is self-defeating. All the brothers looked at him and called him a "bookworm". The internal history of the Sui Dynasty ordered Li Delin to show off his talents, shoot the armor department, and worship the secretary Lang. When the rank is full, it is time to move, but to stick to it. When the secretary is more than ten years old, his studies have become more and more extensive. At that time, all the brothers used their military exploits to achieve official status, made friends with the rich and powerful, and had many guests, while the powerful officials were idle. The brothers even said to Wei: "In the past, when Confucius accumulated knowledge and became a sage, he was still in a state of embarrassment. He has lived so late. If you follow this path, what else do you want? If you don't have a good reputation and position, it's appropriate." Wei laughed and didn't answer. . For a long time, King Xiu of Shu established a record room. He used Xiu to do many illegal things and returned to the fields after claiming illness. When Xiu was deposed, many officials in the government were convicted, but Wei Wei used his foresight to save his life. In the fourth year of Daye's reign, he was moved to the imperial palace. He disobeyed the imperial edict by counting the gains and losses, and was transferred to the imperial examination doctor. After that, he was relieved of his duties and returned to the capital. Emperor Gaozu entered the Pass and summoned the chief minister of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, the army was founded, and the five rituals fell. Wei was a great expert in history and knew much about old rituals, imperial regulations, and national canons, all of which were determined by him. Wen Han from the Zen Dynasty was heavily involved in them. Emperor Gaozu often said to Pei Ji: "Shusun Tong can't add him." In the first year of Wude, he paid homage to the internal history order. The powerful memorials on grace often cited ancient edicts. Emperor Gaozu was very fond of them, and they were sometimes introduced into the sleeping room, often as a kneeling mat. He also said: "In the past, there was a noble in the Eight Pillar Kingdom in the Zhou Dynasty, and I and the Duke were appointed to this position. Now I am the emperor, and the Duke is the internal history order. The original is the same but the end is different, which is unfair." Wei Xie said: " In the Han Dynasty, my family was once again a relative. As for the Later Wei Dynasty, I had three wives. Your Majesty was prosperous and returned to the queen. I was also in Qili, and I was in Fengchi. I was worried about it in the morning. " Emperor Gaozu laughed and said, "I see people from Guandong marrying Cui and Lu, but I feel so proud of myself. It's so noble to be the emperor's relative on my behalf!" When he was sick, Emperor Gaozu went to ask questions. Looking for death, the family has no wealth left, and the funeral order is scanty. His posthumous title was Jing, and he was given the title of governor of Tongzhou and posthumously granted the title of Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the funeral, the prince and officials were ordered to go out together to see him off. There are ten volumes of collected works.

Translation: Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was a native of Fufeng Pinglu and the elder brother of Empress Taimu's stepfather. His father, Dou Chi, was once the Tutor of the Sui Dynasty. Dou Wei's family has made meritorious deeds for many generations, and several of his brothers advocate martial arts, but Dou Wei likes literature and history. He is upright and sticks to his heart. The brothers all laughed at him and called him a "bookworm". Li Delin, the internal historian of the Sui Dynasty, won the imperial examination, ranked first in archery and strategy, and became a secretary. When his official term expired, he was about to be transferred, but he stayed on and worked as a secretary for more than ten years, and his studies also made progress. At that time, Dou Wei's brothers all became high-ranking officials through military merit, and made friends with high-ranking officials and dignitaries. Their family was filled with guests, but Dou Wei's official career was leisurely. The brothers laughed at him even more and said: "Confucius studied and became a sage before, but he was still very embarrassed at that time. What do you want to do after learning from him? The official position is not high, it is normal." Dou Wei smiled and did not answer. King Xiu of Shu came to Shu and was demoted to the office of reporter. Because Xiu did not abide by the law, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the pretext of illness. After Xiu was demoted, most of the officials who accompanied him were convicted. Only Dou Wei had the foresight to save himself. In the fourth year of Daye (era), he was promoted many times and became a member of the Internal Affairs Bureau. Because his admonitions offended the emperor, he was transferred to the Kao Gong Doctor. Later, because some things could not be done, he returned to the capital.

Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty entered Hulao Pass and summoned and supplemented the records of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, wars were going on one after another, and all rules and regulations were broken. Dou Wei was knowledgeable and knew the previous rules and regulations, so he redesignated them, and Wenhan of the Zen Dynasty also participated in most of them. Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty said to Pei Ji many times: "There is no one better than Shu Suntong." In the first year of Wude (reign name), he made the internal history order. Wei Dou was dignified in appearance and quoted scriptures when he played. Tang Gaozu admired him very much and sometimes took him to the bedroom and often sat and chatted with him. The emperor once said: "In the past, there were eight national pillars in the Zhou Dynasty, and I was just like yours. Now I am the emperor, and you are the internal history order. They are basically the same, but the level is different." Dou Wei thanked the emperor, He said: "My family was the emperor's in-laws in the Han Dynasty. In the Later Wei Dynasty, we became the emperor's in-laws three times. Your Majesty, you are highly virtuous and respected, and you are more respected than the empress's family. We are about to become in-laws, and our official position is so high, we will be afraid sooner or later." "Tang Gaozu said with a smile: "I want the Guandong people to marry Cui and Lu Wei, and become a high-ranking official. When you become rich, you will start to be proud. You have been the emperor's in-laws for generations, aren't you particularly prominent?" When Dou Wei was seriously ill, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty went to visit him personally. Dou Wei died soon after. His family did not have much money, and his last words were simply to hold a funeral. The imperial court gave him the posthumous title of Jing Jing, posthumously named him the governor of Tongzhou, and posthumously named him the Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the burial, the emperor ordered the prince and all the civil and military officials to go out to see him off. He has ten volumes of collected works. 3. Classical Chinese reading Chen Dengyun, courtesy name Conglong, from Tangshan

Chen Dengyun’s full text translation:

Chen Dengyun, courtesy name Conglong, from Tangshan. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), he was awarded Jinshi status and was appointed magistrate of Yanling County. With the best political performance, he was promoted to censor. After leaving Liaodong, Shangshu stated ten countermeasures to stabilize the border, and also requested that the establishment of a reward system for first achievements be accelerated. Later he was changed to governor of Shanxi.

Back in the capital, the ministers of the imperial court happened to be debating the matter of establishing a prince. Chen Dengyun believed that the imperial concubine's family was secretly causing trouble because of the delay in making a decision in the court meeting. In June of the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Shang Shu impeached the concubine's father, Zheng Chengxian, because of a disaster. He said: "Zheng Chengxian harbored evil intentions and coveted the crown prince. He interacted with eunuchs every day to discuss countermeasures, and he made extensive friends with mountain men, magicians, Taoist priests, and monks. When His Majesty severely punished the imposters in the examination room, Zheng Chengxian's wife often threatened to expose the matter herself, using it to intimidate the nobles and use clever words to deceive the court officials. Not only Hui'an was plotted by them, but also the Central Palace and the Queen Mother's family. Be careful to avoid their sharp edges. Your Majesty has been ruling the country for a long time. This is the result of the favorable government. Zheng Chengxian always tells people that he thinks it is the result of not establishing a prince. He has been planning for a long time and he will not be able to do anything in the future. "What about coming out? If you don't uphold the principles of justice and make upright decisions, even if you don't go to court every day, don't play music, wear white clothes, and stop the punishment, I'm afraid the emperor will not agree. Changes in the sky are irresistible." The imperial concubine and Zheng Chengxian both said. After losing his temper, his colleagues also thought that Chen Dengyun was in danger, but the emperor kept the memorial.

Much later, he impeached Lu Guangzu, the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Feng Shike, the deputy envoy of Sichuan Tixue, Li Lai, the governor of Yingtian, Wang Zhixiang, the governor of Shuntian, Han Shineng, the minister of the Ministry of Rites, Luo Wanhua, the minister of Nanjing. Tai servant Qing Xu Yongjian. All the high officials in the imperial court were afraid of him. At that time, it was time to take the examination for academic subjects, so Chen Dengyun wrote in a book: "Recently, the imperial censors were afraid of sexual harassment before Renwu, and the upright ones became gentle; after Renwu, they were restrained by emotion, and the upright ones became flattering. Is it possible in the meantime? There are no upright people, but they are vulnerable to being attacked and have no place to stay. In the past twenty years, only one or two people have been promoted to Beijing officials with integrity, cultivating party members and begging for mercy, like the so-called "Seven Jackals". "Eight Dogs", censors account for half of them. Taijian is the one who regulates right and wrong for the world, and if he tramples on people like this, how can we expect him to handle things honestly and eliminate traitors for the country regardless of his feelings? What a scum! Rather than being demoted due to misuse, it is better to carefully examine the candidates." So I presented several things to the emperor.

Served as the patrol commissioner of Henan. There was a great famine that year, and people ate each other. Deputy envoy Cui Yinglin saw the people eating goose droppings in the lake, so he brought it to Chen Dengyun, who then sent it to the court. The emperor immediately sent the temple chief Zhong Huamin to distribute treasury silver to help the people. Chen Dengyun visited the local area three times and was strict in governing. According to regulations, he should be promoted to a capital official. However, he was repeatedly detained by the palace and refused to be promoted, so he claimed to be ill and returned home. He died soon after. 4. Extracurricular classical Chinese reading and answers, Pound Zi Ling Ming

Pound Zi Ling Ming, a Taoist from Nan'an.

He was a minor official in the county, and he was given the title of Marquis of Guannei to four other people including Zihui, each with a hundred households in the city. Hui Yonglie has a paternal style, and his official rank is lieutenant general, and he is granted the title of marquis.

Annotation: Pound's biography Pound was named Lingming and was a native of Naodao, Nan'an County. When he was young, he served as a county official and a state official.

During the Chuping period, he followed Ma Teng to attack the rebellious Qiang and Di people. He made many meritorious deeds and was gradually promoted to the rank of captain. During the Jian'an period, Cao Cao conquered Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang in Liyang.

Yuan Tan sent Guo Yuan, Gao Gan and others to plunder Hedong County. Cao Cao ordered Zhong Yao to lead the generals in Guanzhong to attack them. Pang De followed Ma Teng's son Ma Chao to resist Guo Yuan and Gao Gan in Pingyang. Pang De served as the vanguard and attacked Guo Yuan and Gao Gan. He won a great victory and killed Guo Yuan himself.

He was appointed as Zhonglang General and made the capital Tinghou. Later, Zhang Baiqi rebelled in Hongnong County, and Pang De once again accompanied Ma Teng to conquer the enemy, defeating the enemy between the two mountains.

Every time he went to battle, Pang De always captured the enemy's position and drove them back. He was the most courageous among Ma Teng's troops. Later, Ma Teng served as a guard, and Pang De remained under Ma Chao.

Cao Cao defeated Ma Chao in Weinan, and Pang De fled with Ma Chao into Hanyang County and defended Jicheng. Later, he ran to Hanzhong with Ma Chao and defected to Zhang Lu.

Cao Cao pacified Hanzhong, and Pang De surrendered with his troops. Cao Cao had long heard about Pang De's bravery and appointed him General Liyi. He was also granted the title of Marquis of Guan Guan Pavilion, with a settlement of 300 households.

Hou Yin, Wei Kai and others occupied Wancheng and rebelled. Pang De led his men and Cao Ren to capture Wancheng, killed Hou Yin and Wei Kai, and then stationed south in Fancheng to attack Guan Yu. The generals in Fancheng were suspicious of Pang De because his brother was in the Shu army in Hanzhong.

Pang De often said: "I have been favored by the country and will die for the country. I will attack Guan Yu personally. If I don't kill Guan Yu from now on, Guan Yu should kill me."

< p> Later he personally fought with Guan Yu and shot Guan Yu in the forehead. At that time, Pang De always rode a white horse. Guan Yu's soldiers called him General White Horse and were all afraid of him.

Cao Ren asked Pang De to camp ten miles north of Fancheng. It rained heavily for more than ten days and the Han River overflowed. The water in the plains of Fancheng was five to six feet deep. Pang De and his generals went up the embankment to hide from the water. Guan Yu Attack by boat, surround them on all sides and shoot at the embankment with bows and arrows. Pang De was wearing armor and holding a bow, and his arrows were all fired.

General Dong Heng, subordinate general Dong Chao and others wanted to surrender, but Pang De executed them all. The battle lasted from early morning to past noon. Guan Yu attacked more urgently. When he ran out of arrows, he got close to fighting hand to hand.

Pang De said to the governor Cheng He: "I heard that a good general is not afraid of death and does not live an ignoble life, and a martyr does not sacrifice his life to survive. Today is the day I die."

He went into battle angrier and more courageous, but the situation became too strong and the soldiers all surrendered. Pang De and his subordinates, a general and two captains, bent their bows and set arrows, and took a small boat to return to Cao Ren's camp.

Because the boat capsized and his bow and arrows were lost, Pound held the boat and sank into the water alone, and was captured by Guan Yu. Pound stood without kneeling. Guan Yu said to him: "Your brother is in Hanzhong. I want to use you as a general. Why didn't you surrender early?" Pang De scolded Guan Yu and said, "You kid, what do you mean by surrender? The king of Wei led hundreds of powerful troops. Wan, the world is powerful.

Your Liu Bei is just a mediocre person, how can he be an enemy of the King of Wei! I would rather be a ghost of the country than a traitor general." So he was killed by Guan Yu.

Cao Cao was very sad after hearing about his death. He shed tears for his death and named his two sons as princes. Cao Pi ascended the throne and sent an envoy to Pang De's mausoleum to deliver his posthumous title.

The edict said: "In the past, Xian Zhen sacrificed his life for the country, and Wang Chu died on a hunger strike and died as a martyrdom. People of previous generations praised them. Pang De was brave and resolute, and went into danger to make a name for himself. People praised him at that time. , His righteousness was very noble at that time, so people remembered him and gave him the posthumous title of Zhuanghou."

He also gave his son Pang Hui and four others the title of Guanneihou, each with a hundred cities. household. Pang Hui was brave and strong in the style of his father. He rose to the rank of lieutenant general and was granted the title of lord. 5. Answers to reading the classical Chinese biography of Hao Jingchun

Translation for reference:

Hao Jingchun, courtesy name Heman, was from Jiangdu. He passed the provincial examination and was awarded the Yancheng teaching. He was dismissed and returned home because of his fault. He was appointed as the Wan Shou Supervisor of Yuanma Temple in Shaanxi Province, and was later transferred to Huangzhou Zhaomo to act as agent for Huang'an County affairs. Three days after taking office, peasant rebels suddenly came to attack the city. Jingchun and others held on for eight days and eight nights before the rebels withdrew.

In the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), he was promoted to magistrate of Fang County.

Luo Rucai, leader of the Peasant Rebel Army, led nine battalions to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, but Rucai hesitated again. Jingchun rode alone to the rebel barracks to persuade him, and formed a blood alliance with Rucai and his accomplices Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang. You just surrendered at Wencan's military gate, and your battalions were stationed in Zhuxi Valley, Baokang, and Shangjin. You, Gui, and Yunxiang were stationed in the suburbs of Fang County. At that time, the city walls of every county in Yunyang were destroyed. Only Fang County relied on Jingchun's appeasement and could generally be defended. However, the rebels were everywhere, and the residents were restless day and night. Jingchun, chief secretary Zhu Bangwen, and guard Yang Daoxuan repaired the fortifications on the one hand, and lived in harmony with the rebel camps on the other.

In May of the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Zhang Xianzhong raised troops in Gucheng to rebel against the Ming Dynasty, and asked Rucai to join him. Hao Mingluan, the son of Jingchun, was still a soldier and had the courage to defeat ten thousand men. He said to his father: "The city of Fang County is an enemy attack target. There are only 200 tired and thin soldiers. How can we hold the city?" He put on his armor and went to see him. Rucai said, "Don't you remember the oath you made with my father when you burned incense? I hope you will be careful and don't make trouble with Zhang Xianzhong." You promised falsely. Mingluan realized that Rucai's promise was not sincere, so he came back and led the troops to defend the city with Daoxuan, but the forwards sent by Xianzhong had already arrived at the city. Mingluan and other generals from the rebel army went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan for help. They went fourteen times but did not see Wencan.

Soon, the rebel brigade arrived at the gate of Fang County and presented their loyal soldiers with white flags, while Rucai's team waved red flags. Suddenly the two armies joined together and attacked. The rebel generals Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang shouted to the city: "Give the city to us and make sure nothing happens." Xianzhong also ordered Zhang Dajing to persuade him to surrender. Jingchun cursed in the city, kept guard and fought for five days and five nights. The rebels suffered a lot of losses. Xianzhong's left foot was injured and his beloved horse was also killed. The defenders commanded Zhang Sanxi to open the north gate and let Rucai enter the city. The city was captured and Daoxuan died in the street fighting. Dajing prompted Rucai to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused. He also asked him where the property was in the treasury, and Jingchun said sternly, "If there is still property in the treasury, you can't break the city!" The rebels killed a Dianshi and a guard to intimidate him, but Jingchun refused to give in and was killed together with his son Mingluan. kill. His servants Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen's family all died. When the imperial court heard about it, they presented it to Jingchun Shangbao Shaoqing, who built a temple to worship it, and later gave it to Taipu Temple Shaoqing. 6. Reading answers to the classical Chinese text "The Biography of Liu Xian"

Translation of "The Biography of Liu Xian in the History of the Ming Dynasty":

Liu Xian, a native of Nanchang, was born with a tall body and extraordinary physical strength. When he was young, his family was poor and he worked as a domestic worker to make a living. During the famine years, he ate too much and could not bear the suffering of hunger, so he had the idea of ????committing suicide. He came to an abandoned temple to hang himself. Unexpectedly, he hung himself twice in a row, but failed because the rope and the rafters were broken. Liu Xian thought that he was protected by a god, so he bid farewell to the statue, mourned and left, and mingled with the gang. In Qianfuli, he worked as a domestic servant. After traveling for many years, he arrived in Sichuan, the land of abundance, where he lived in a temple and made a living by working part-time and stealing temple offerings. He kept the stolen offerings in a big bell, and soon he was discovered. His miraculous physical strength was thought to be a descendant of heaven. In the 34th year of Jiajing reign, the Miao people in Yibin in southern Sichuan were in rebellion. Governor Zhang Gao recruited troops to quell the rebellion. Under the persuasion and encouragement of everyone, Liu Xian enlisted and surrendered to the army. In the first battle, he danced with two large guillotines and took the lead in charging, cutting with his own hands. He killed fifty or sixty people and captured three of the ringleaders. The rear army advanced and put an end to the rebellion. Liu Xian became famous and was promoted from a pawn to the deputy of a thousand households. From then on, he has been on the battlefield, and within seven years he was promoted to the rank of commander-in-chief based on his military exploits. His promotion was so fast that it was rarely seen among military generals in the past dynasties.

Reference:

/link?url=4iwPIcqEeg8u9CTBVMTRFYNXwaxqjAT820Cli_L7CFbEtY27L-XerGgwrm_KrumjNMEuDRhaESxzmxulImsOKfuDZnb_TzxP2VGrP7wZkE7

Note:

"Liang Shu·Liu Xian Biography", "Southern History" ·Liu Xianzhuan" is unknown. 7. Classical Chinese reading and answers to Pu Songling's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio"

Selected Essays

Mr. Pu Liuxian's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" is written in a concise way, leaving no trace of its meaning. , was born out of Zhuzi, not only resisted Zuo Shi and Longmen ①. According to legend, the gentleman lived in the countryside, had no friends, and was particularly eccentric in nature. He was a teacher of boys in the village. He lived in poverty and was self-sufficient. He asked no one for anything. When I was writing this book, every morning I brought a large porcelain poppy ② with bitter tea stored in it, and a bag of tamaba wild rice ③. I placed it beside the pedestrian road, lined with reeds, and sat on it, smoking tea next to it.

When you see someone who is practicing the Tao doing something wrong, you will forcefully talk to him, search for strange things and explain them according to what others know. If you are thirsty, drink some tea or offer him a cigarette, and you will definitely be able to talk freely. I accidentally heard something and came back to cover it up. This was the case for more than twenty years before this book was published④. Therefore, the writing technique is superb. (Zou Tao's "San Jie Lu Bi Tan")

Notes

(1) [Zuo Shi, Longmen] refers to Zuo Qiuming and Sima Qian. Zuo Qiuming wrote "Zuo Zhuan" and Sima Qian was born in Longmen. ②[Yīng] A bottle or jar with a big belly and a small mouth. ③[Tanba wild rice] the old transliteration name of tobacco. ④[蒇(chǎn)] Completed.

Exercise

1. Explain the dotted words in the text.

Home ( ) in ( ) place ( )

Language ( ) is ( ) square ( )

2. Compare the different meanings of the following groups of words.

① To be a boy teacher in the village ( ) ② Therefore, the writing skills are superb ( )

Anyone who has taken the Tao ( ) learns the new by reviewing the past ( )

3. Summarize the characteristics of "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" in words:

4. What is the reason for Pu Songling's "superb writing skills"?

Reading Tips

This article tells the story of Mr. Pu Songling collecting materials when writing "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio".

Answer: 1. in; to; to place; verb, to speak; in this way; only

2. For: to assume, verb;

to, preposition.

Therefore: therefore, adverb;

Old (knowledge), noun.

3. The writing is concise, and there is no trace of the meaning. It is born out of various scholars, not only against Zuo Shi and Longmen.

4. A large number of long-term collections from the folk Organizing materials

Translation

When Pu Songling was writing this book, he carried a large porcelain vessel filled with strong tea and a pack of tobacco every day and placed it on the road where pedestrians passed by. Next to it, there was a reed mat underneath, and he sat on it and placed the tobacco next to the mat. When you see a person walking by, you must stop him and talk to him. Collect strange (stories) and tell bizarre (things). Anyone (passing by) knows anything (anything is OK); (passers-by) are thirsty, respectfully invite people to drink tea, or respectfully offer tobacco, and must make the passers-by happy before letting them stop. If I hear something by chance, I will cover it up after I get home. After more than twenty years like this, the book "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" was completed.