Is it a serious mistake to pronounce PIAO (ladle) in Pu character?

The pronunciation of the word "Pu"

I originally wanted to wait for dialect materials to explain the relationship between these sounds. It seems not easy. Maybe everyone, like you and me, usually only I used the pronunciation of "Pu" and found out the other pronunciations from the dictionary. I have neither seen Pu tree nor eaten Magnolia officinalis, and I only know that Pu is a Korean surname. But to be honest, I I haven't met anyone with the surname Park yet. I think I'm still at a loss for the time being, so I'll take a step forward and try to answer.

I'm checking the materials and writing them now. Please feel free to add and correct them. , I also hope that dialect materials will be added at any time. Please forgive me for the presumption.

The pronunciation of the word "Pu" (1)

"Pu (Traditional)" is in "Guangyun". " appears in 4 places, namely:

(1) Mo Yun, Bo Huqie: "Pu Chuan (not by the water, but by the standing knife), the name of the county, in Wuwei.

The sound is still there. "The equivalent of today's pronunciation is pu2.

(2) House rhyme, Pumuqie: "Erya" says: rinse (not by water, but by wood), simple, heart." Also sounds

Bu. "The equivalent of today's pronunciation is bu2.

(3) House rhyme, bomuqie: "The domain (not soil, but wood) is simple and dense. Also sound servant. Pu

Domain, Xiaomuye. "The equivalent of today's pronunciation is bu3.

(4) Jueyun, Pijiaoqie: "wood element". It will be demonstrated later that this is the source of today's "simple",

So we The temporary pronunciation is pu3.

In addition, "Guangyun" also includes "Pu" (simplified), after "Pu" in Jueyun's traditional form: "Pu", the same as above. Also Magnolia officinalis, the name of the medicine. ”

Here, (1)-(3) are all sounds in polysyllabic words. I don’t know where they came from. It can be seen that the ones that have the foundation and are related to today’s sound are ( 4).

(Note: The common sentence fragment of "Erya" is like this. It doesn't make sense. I hope someone can teach me.)

"Pu" in "Modern Chinese Dictionary" The word has 4 sounds, which appear in the following sayings: (1) po1, Pu Dao. (2) po4, Pu Shu. (3) piao2, surname. Pu3, Pu Hou, Pu Mao. Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity, simplicity. In addition, the pronunciation of "Hopu" in "Dictionary" is po4. It can be seen that pu3 is a living chess piece, and the others are dead pieces. The same pronunciation as "Cihai". "Modern Chinese Dictionary" does not need to be listed. However, "Cihai" is an encyclopedic dictionary, which takes care of ancient and modern times. Therefore, "Cihai" has different meanings from ancient times to the present:

(1) Bark. "Selected Works·Wang Bao's "Dongxiao Ode": "Autumn grasshoppers do not eat and sing. "Li Shan annotated and quoted from "Cangjie Pian": "Pu means wood bark. " (2) Unprocessed wood. "Lunheng·Liangzhi": "Those who can cut without a knife or ax are called simple. " (3) Original price, capital. "Shang Jun Shu·Ken Ling": "The price of wine and meat is expensive, the rent is high, and the price is ten times as simple. " (4) Honesty; simplicity. "Confucius' Family Words·Wang Yanjie": "The people are honest and simple. " Lu Ji's "Feather Fan Ode": "The founder is always simple, but the one who decorates the end must be beautiful. " (5) Laozi's term. It refers to the primitive, natural and simple existence, that is, "Tao". ...

The first item is the appearance of the skin. Autumn grass clings to the grass, and it doesn't cling to the bark of the tree. Is it possible? Can you still hold it in the heart of the tree? This sentence just means that in the chilling autumn wind, the cicada clings to the fallen branch (so it is called "Pu") and keeps singing. , before processing, it is "Pu", so "Pu" can become the basis of change, and it can be "ten times its simplicity" in the beginning, and then "ten times its simplicity" will become "Yan". It is the hope to remove ornaments and return to simplicity. Therefore, in a nutshell, the meaning of "simple" is "original before modification", and the others are extensions of this meaning.

"Guang Yun" "Musu". "The statement comes from "Shuowen": "Simple, wood is also simple.

"Su" means unmodified and primitive; "Pu" means "unmodified original", and "Simple" is a synthesis of synonyms. Among the four words quoted from "Guangyun", this is the only possible source. . But the problem is that the "Pu" in "Musu" comes from Jue Yun. In terms of conversion, it should not be "pu3", but should be "po" (the tone cannot be converted, we will talk about it later.) The word "Pu" It has the sound of "噗(无口)". It can be seen from the "Guang Yun" quoted above that two of the four words are rhymed with "屋", not "Jue". Turn to "Guang". "Rhyme" we can even know that the characters of this phonetic symbol in the rhyme of "Wu" are completely out of proportion to those in the rhyme of "Jue". With the rhymes of "Wo" and "Zhu", there are even more (today we can also Rhyme). The following words are quoted below. No recognition is required, so you can have a general impression (the symbol is replaced by the symbol below): House rhyme: Pumuqie: Mao, person, minister, arrow, , He, Mupmu Cut: unitary, soil, grain, hand, bird wood cut: water, fu, car, woman, wood, dog, foot, silk, clothing, kun, leather Woyun: Puwoqie: person, minister, metal, insect , car, bird and candle rhyme: Fang Yuqie: Fu, Yi Feng Quqie: Lejueyun: Pujiaoqie: handman Pijiaoqie: Pu, wood, cow, soil. It’s no wonder that the five characters of Jueyun are, how? There are 32 words that can withstand the rhyme of house. Moreover, whether it is the homophony of "pu" in traditional Chinese or the homophony of "pu" in simplified Chinese, they are all in the rhyme of "wu" (bu is Hiromuqie). However, this is also true today. Everyone recognizes "Pu" and "Pu" in the rhyme of "Wu".

Some people say that the characteristic of pronunciation is "Xi Fei Cheng". This is true in the previous stage. There has been a lot of discussion about the pronunciation of the two words "dai" and "dai ai". The original meanings of these two words are different. Ai means rigid and stubborn; dai means dazed and mentally abnormal. A person who is rigid does not He must be in a daze; if a person is a fool, he does not necessarily look at the problem rigidly (most of the time, he does not look at the problem), and sometimes a fool will have a whim. However, "idiot" is a common word in writing, and ai is a spoken word. Today's scholars. I don’t say this word often, so in the end the sound of “dai” won over the sound of “ai” (it’s not necessary for scholars to avoid saying “ai”. I once heard Mr. Zhou Zumo say in class, “Don’t be too overly ai when looking at a problem.” And Zhou. There is also the initial ng in the front of Mr. Zhou’s pronunciation. I don’t know if it’s the lower level of Beijing dialect or Mr. Zhou’s unique local accent. It’s a pity that a generation of great scholars has disappeared in a blink of an eye, and there is no way to ask for advice.) The integration of dai and ai has just happened recently. There is a lot of public sentiment about these things. Some of them are historical things, and people have become content with them. For example, everyone now pronounces "one third" as "fen1". In fact, the word is originally pronounced as "fen4". The initial consonant. People in the Wu dialect area can probably distinguish it. It means one part of the three parts. Now it seems to make sense, but it cannot be said properly. , it’s too cute; but if you don’t use your brain at all, wouldn’t you become an “idiot”? (I don't mean to blame - it's rare to be confused, maybe it's a kind of great wisdom.) "Xi Fei is not what he is" doesn't mean that he can deliberately think randomly, it has to do with opportunities. The most important of these is the balance of power. Outnumbered, the fittest survive. Once upon a time, Li Bai thought about Li bo2, how could it withstand the white cabbage and radish, and the white cloth and red flag. Li "Bo" had no choice but to give way to Li Bai. The pronunciation of the word "pu" is phonetically translated as "po", but now everyone pronounces it as "pu", which is helpless. Besides, this matter has been going on for a long time. By the time the "Jiyun" of the Song Dynasty was published in "Jiyun" of the Song Dynasty, most of the characters "Jueyun" had a different pronunciation of "Wu Yun", and even "Pu" (simplified Chinese) also had a pronunciation of "Wu Yun". So if you still want to restore the old sound now, it would be too foolish. Supplement: There is a place in Guo's annotation of "Erya" when explaining the five words "diao" and other words: "The five are all the names of Zhipu." It can be proved that "Pu" is indeed something before "Unzhi".

(Actually, not only the word “Pu” in “simple” comes from “Pijiaoqie”, but the other three sounds also come from this Fanqie.

(I don’t mean to deny the method at all. What I negate is the method with eyes closed. I said in an article that the method is the counterpart of the objective law. If you use a method, it can actually solve the problem. That just means that the law of things has not been solved by this method, not that that method is omnipotent) - However, in my opinion, Mr. Hirayama's explanation of the cause is not convincing, at least not yet. When we reached a room, there was a knot that had not yet been untied. The current discovery is that 2 1 = 1, not 1 1 = 1. I hope that those who are interested in this can finally solve the mystery of Goldbach's conjecture in the field of linguistics. This determines that the tone of "Pu" cannot be converted. So, where did those strange tones of "Pu" come from?

(Note: "Method is the counterpart of objective laws" is not my invention, I heard it in class. But the teacher also forgot the source. I would like to ask everyone for advice. Does anyone know? I can’t thank you enough for the original source of this sentence. How about niina? The first sound for "Pu Dao" is to do it knowing that it cannot be done. When compiling a dictionary, you always have to assign a pronunciation to a word, and you can’t leave it blank just because you don’t know it. There's nothing we can do about it. In order to determine the pronunciation of the unvoiced Rusheng characters, the Mandarin Pronunciation Committee has a rule: "If there are no different pronunciations of the ancient voiceless Rusheng characters in Beijing dialect, the pronunciation that has been popular in Beijing will be adopted. If there are different pronunciations, if among them There is a Yinping tune, which in principle uses Yinping, such as "xi", "attack". Otherwise, consider it word by word and adopt a more general reading. "So, I estimate that this Yinping tune is determined based on this principle. . "Happy tree" and "Hagnolia officinalis" are pronounced out loud, but they are a joke. Beijing dialect has disappeared, but it is difficult for Beijing scholars. ——On the current Internet, of course there is no problem. Aren’t there some people who can’t stand the pretentiousness? (But don’t look at him pretending to be cool on the Internet, and there are typos all over the article. If you really have to fill out a job promotion form or a bonus application form for him, he can’t wait for his lover to be his proofreader!) - But in those days, scholars wanted to write poetry. , and also rhymed with ancient rhymes. I didn’t know that Rusheng would never get fame in this life, so I came up with a theory that was not on the table: Rusheng leads to the passing of sounds. This is the farce Mr. Yu Min mentioned at the beginning of section (7). This can be said to be the same as the "in principle Yinping" mentioned above, or to use the current fashionable terminology, it is just the "mirror principle" of one, two, three and four, and the two extremes complement each other. This is why the words "Magnolia officinalis" and "Pak tree" are pronounced silently. "piao2" is the special pronunciation of the surname "Piao". North Koreans don't pronounce piao2 at all, but pak. If it sounds to Chinese people, it would be "pa", not "piao2" at all. In fact, this is a cliché in Beijing dialect. The word "Pu" comes from the rhyme of "Jue". "Jue" rhyme and "Yao" rhyme "Duo" rhyme are pronounced as "o" rhyme (and its variant "e" rhyme) in the Central Plains, while Beijing pronounces it as "ao" rhyme. For example, "Luoluo" in Beijing from the Central Plains is pronounced as "lao"; "Yue" from the Central Plains in Beijing is pronounced as "yao"; "Xue" in Beijing from the Central Plains is pronounced as "xiao"; "Juejue" in Beijing from the Central Plains is pronounced It is pronounced as "jiao"; "Haohe" in the Central Plains is pronounced as "hao" in Beijing; "Xianruo" in the Central Plains is pronounced as "rao" in Beijing; "Zhuo" in the Central Plains is pronounced as "zhao" in Beijing; "Bo" in Beijing is pronounced as "bao". Of course, "pu po" in the Central Plains will be pronounced as "piao" in Beijing (in the above example, "xue, jue, pu" are words with the same rhyme). Beijingers and Northeasterners are in the same boat. Beijingers and Northeasterners have seen Koreans. This is their pride and pride. They say that Koreans have the surname "piao". What else dare others say? No, "Modern Chinese Dictionary" has also included "piao" .

I have finished what I want to say. If you ask me how to pronounce the word "pu", in my opinion, it is just one sound - "pu3". Only this is the natural crystallization of historical evolution, the rest are artificial. Why is this concert a living chess piece and everything else is a dead piece? Very simple, because it upholds the righteousness of heaven and earth.

You see, its tone also happens to be reasonable: "Pu" is a tool for "uncontrolled", a noun, and it should be pronounced with a high tone. The others are the illegitimate children of the tuner, and even the tone is gratuitous. Some people say that tone is the soul of Chinese syllables - look at that "hackberry po4shu4", isn't this a curse on that tree, be careful of your tongue! As for the singer, I think he would rather hear people call him "pu3shu4" than "po4shu4". Is my guess right? However, I have to declare that if you want to take the college entrance examination, you have to write 4 syllables, and you can't be pretentious. Why? He is the examiner, not me. Fortunately, I have written so much that everyone has memorized the confusing methods of these confused sounds. Even if I am responsible for spreading these four sounds - thinking about it this way, the creators of those four sounds will not It's my fault~~~~~~!

(Supplement 1: The ancient fanqie is converted into the modern pronunciation, which often confuses people. However, "Pijiaoqie" just happens to be cut out as "piao".) (Supplement 2: I guess "Pu Dao" It's a big sword. "Da Dao" is not very good as a proper noun, so it's called "Pu Dao". In addition, from ancient Chinese to modern Chinese, "Pu" should be an active word. Some people interpret the term "pig" as "big" or "untamed", wrong! This refers to untamed ones, that is, today's stallions, cattle, and pigs, and also means "untamed". (However, the use in ancient times was greater than today, and the word "kind" cannot be used. Today's humans are extremely arrogant, and the poor animals can only have this role.) Today, the word "Pu" has been relegated to the position of "morpheme", so the above mentioned The "living chess" mentioned is already a semi-living chess)