Is blood donation harmful to health?

Blood donation, also known as unpaid blood donation in Taiwan Province and Hongkong, refers to the voluntary donation of whole blood, plasma or blood components by blood donors without any remuneration (but souvenirs will be given in some cases). These blood are usually stored in blood banks and kept by medical units, blood stations or the Red Cross for those who need blood transfusion. Compared with paid blood donation, the blood quality of unpaid blood donation can be guaranteed, which is beneficial to the health and safety of the recipients. Ordinary people can donate blood free of charge at fixed blood donation stations in various regions. Many blood donation stations regularly send blood collection vehicles to schools, units and crowded places, or cooperate with regional activities to attract blood donors. Donate one's own blood for medical blood transfusion. The total blood volume of healthy people accounts for about 8% of body weight, and that of adults is about 4000 ~ 5000 ml. Usually, 80% of the blood circulates in the heart and blood vessels, maintaining normal physiological functions and donating blood without compensation; Another 20% of the blood is stored in the liver, spleen and other organs. Once blood loss or strenuous exercise occurs, blood will enter the blood circulation system. A person donating 200 ~ 400 ml of blood at a time only accounts for 5% ~ 10% of the total blood volume, and the blood stored after blood donation will be replenished immediately without reducing the circulating blood volume. Water and inorganic substances lost after blood donation will be replenished within 1 ~ 2 hours; Plasma protein, synthesized by liver, can be supplemented in a day or two; Platelets, white blood cells and red blood cells also quickly recovered to their original levels. The blood of human body is constantly metabolized. Many blood cells are aging and dying all the time, and at the same time, a large number of new cells are generated to maintain the balance of human metabolism. After blood donation, due to the enhancement of hematopoietic function, the lost blood cells were quickly replenished. Therefore, a healthy person who donates blood according to the regulations will not have any influence on his body, let alone "hurt his vitality", but will be beneficial to his body. Donating blood according to the regulations can promote human metabolism, enhance immunity and disease resistance, stimulate human bone marrow hematopoietic organs, and keep them in the same vigorous hematopoietic state as when they were young, so as to achieve the effect of prolonging life and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis. It is reported that 332 former blood donors over 66 years old were compared with 399 non-blood donors under the same conditions. As a result, the survival rate of former blood donors was significantly higher than that of non-blood donors, and those who donated more blood lived longer. Voluntary blood donation refers to the voluntary donation of a small amount of renewable blood or blood components by healthy citizens of school age to save the lives of critically ill patients, and the blood donors do not want any reward. Voluntary blood donation is a form of blood donation advocated by the International Health Organization and the International Red Cross. At present, many countries in the world have realized that clinical blood comes from unpaid blood donation, which has become a symbol to measure the degree of social civilization. Governments all over the world attach great importance to and care about voluntary blood donation. 1985 the best slogan of blood donation in Japan is "blood donation is love, courage and care". This is a gift from a housewife at the blood donation site. It has been adopted by blood stations all over the world. In Japan, 65438+ 10 month 15 is an adult festival every year. Young men and women who have reached the age of 20 are dressed in costumes. After the adult ceremony, they came to the blood donation car to donate blood for free. This has become a traditional form of promoting blood donation in Japan. The Japanese government stipulates that administrative personnel at all levels and people of school age must donate blood once a year. In America, a popular slogan of blood donation is "Give you a gift, life". In the eyes of Americans, blood donation is a noble act, which is unmatched by any other gift. The Jordanian government has banned the sale of blood. Central blood bank was established in Amman, the capital, 1975. Anyone in urgent need of blood can get it from here, but he must donate blood after he recovers, otherwise his relatives will replace him. This blood bank is called "blood bank of life". After the blood bank was built, the first person to donate blood was King Hussein of Jordan. The slogan of blood donation in Indonesia is "The greatest contribution you can make to your compatriot is to save his life." Former Philippine President Ramos personally participated in blood donation and asked his family to participate in blood donation. 1997 In March, Philippine President Ramos participated in 4 1 voluntary blood donation (250 ml each time) as a commemoration of his 69th birthday. He often said: donating blood makes him 20 years younger. It seems that this sentence is not all a joke. At present, many countries in the world have realized that all medical blood comes from unpaid blood donation. Such as the United States, Japan, Canada, Germany, Australia and other economically developed countries, as well as Algeria, Tanzania, Niger, Nepal, Myanmar and other economically underdeveloped countries, have implemented the system of unpaid blood donation. In many countries, citizens eat a few snacks and have a drink after donating blood, and then go to their jobs without any reward. It is common that people regard blood donation as the obligation of healthy people to society. In Australia and other countries, there are blood donation knowledge classes in primary and secondary schools. The school regularly takes students to visit the blood collection points in the blood center, so that students can understand the whole process of blood donation, and let them understand that blood donation is everyone's social obligation from an early age, and blood donation does not affect their health. When they grow up, they will become a voluntary and glorious blood donor. People regard blood donation as the obligation of healthy people to society, which is a very common thing. Millions of blood donors in dozens of countries around the world have proved that proper blood donation is harmless to health. In China, there is also a propaganda that "blood donation is not harmful to health, just needs a little courage". The main advantage of editing this paragraph is from the perspective of blood physiology: what is the concept of donating 200 ml of blood? The total amount of human blood accounts for about 8% of the body weight, and the total amount of blood of ordinary adults is 4000-5000 ml, while 200 ml of blood donation only accounts for1/20-1/25 of the total amount of blood; In clinical medical practice, blood transfusion is generally not recommended for blood donors whose blood loss is less than 600 ml. It can be seen that donating 200 ml of blood will definitely not affect health. Not all the blood in the human body participates in blood circulation. 20-25% of blood is stored in "blood banks" such as spleen, liver, lung and skin. Spleen is the largest "blood bank" of human body, which can store 20% of the total blood volume of human body. When blood is needed for human blood circulation, the spleen will continuously release blood into blood vessels and participate in blood circulation. Donating 200 ml of blood does not affect blood circulation, how can it affect health? Blood components in the human body are very active. About1120 red blood cells (that is, 2 billion red blood cells) age and die every day. The average life span of white blood cells is about 7- 14 days, and the life span of platelets is even shorter, about 7-9 days. In addition, human bone marrow has a powerful compensatory function. Under certain conditions, the hematopoietic function of bone marrow can be improved to 6-8 times of normal. A healthy person produces about 200 billion red blood cells and 654.38+02 billion platelets every day, which means that each healthy adult's new blood cells are equivalent to the total amount of human blood cells every year. After donating 200 ml of blood, the human body will be replenished soon, and it will never affect health. Many people's first idea of donating blood is to cure diseases and save lives, which is obligatory. However, a large number of scientific studies have proved that while donating love to the society, blood donors have inadvertently improved their physical condition and invested in their health. 1. Blood donation has a good long-term effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems: it can prevent and relieve blood viscosity and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Due to the improvement of living standards and the reduction of physical activity, people accumulate more and more fat in their bodies, which is at a high level for a long time, commonly known as "thick blood". The result of "thick blood" is that fat is attached to the blood vessel wall layer by layer, and finally arteriosclerosis is formed, and the elasticity of blood vessels is reduced, leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Regular blood donation reduces a part of the sticky blood in the body, and then through normal drinking water, the blood volume is replenished, so that the blood is naturally diluted, and the blood lipid will be reduced. Insisting on proper blood donation can reduce all components in blood, especially iron and protein, and also reduce blood viscosity and speed up blood flow. With the increase of oxygen supply, people feel relaxed and clear-headed. Can effectively reduce arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, cerebrovascular accident and myocardial infarction. 2. Regular blood donation can improve hematopoietic function: since the birth of the fetus, bone marrow has become the main hematopoietic organ. With the increase of age, hematopoietic function and hematopoietic rate gradually decreased. After blood donation, due to the decrease in the number of blood cells, it stimulates the release of mature blood cells stored in bone marrow, stimulates hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow and promotes blood cell production. Regular blood donation within the prescribed time limit can keep the bone marrow vigorous. 3. Male blood donation can reduce the incidence of cancer: too low iron content in the body is prone to iron deficiency anemia and slow movement, while too high is counterproductive. International Cancer once reported that if the iron content in the body exceeds 10% of the normal value, the probability of cancer will increase (because red blood cells in the blood contain a lot of iron), and proper blood donation can prevent cancer. 4. It can promote and improve mental health: A large number of studies show that healthy emotions can communicate with tissues and organs such as the brain through the nervous system, body fluids and endocrine system, so that they are in a good state, which is conducive to the enhancement of human immunity and resistance. Blood donation is a noble character to save lives. While helping others and being kind to others, it also purifies one's spirit, soothes one's soul and enriches one's work and life. Doing good by virtue actually helps others and yourself, which is an important factor for health and longevity. 5. Can prolong life: Insisting on proper blood donation can promote human metabolism, and can also stimulate human bone marrow hematopoietic organs, so that they can always maintain the same vigorous hematopoietic state as in youth, and constantly increase the proportion of young red blood cells in the blood. In addition, young cells produced in the body have a strong ability to phagocytose viral factors, thus playing a role in preventing cancer. Improve immunity and disease resistance, prevent diseases and prolong life. What does the physical examination of blood donation before blood donation include? In order to ensure the health of blood donors, the Standard for Health Examination of Blood Donors stipulates that blood donors must undergo the following physical examinations: 1. Age check: the age suitable for blood donation is 18 ~ 55 years old. 2. Weight: not less than 50 kg for men and not less than 45 kg for women. 3. blood pressure: systolic blood pressure12 ~ 20kpa (90 ~150mmhg); The diastolic pressure was 8 ~ 12 kPa (60 ~ 90 mmHg), and the pulse pressure difference was greater than 4 kPa (30mmHg). 4. Pulse: 60 ~ 100 beats per minute, and 50 ~ 100 beats per minute for high endurance athletes. 5. The temperature is normal. 6. Normal development and moderate nutrition. 7. The skin has no yellow staining, no wound infection, no extensive dermatosis, and no obvious swelling of superficial lymph nodes. 8. There is no serious disease in the five senses, no yellow staining in the sclera and no goiter in the thyroid gland. 9 limbs without serious disability, joint swelling and dysfunction. 10. Chest; Heart and lungs are normal. 1 1. Abdomen: normal, without lump, tenderness and hepatosplenomegaly. What are the items of blood test for blood donors? 1. Blood specific gravity screening, copper sulfate method: male is greater than 1.052, female is greater than 1.050. 2. Blood typing: ABO blood type must conform to the positive and negative typing. Rh(D) stereotypes should be carried out in areas with conditions or high RH negative rate. 3. Liver function test: Alanine aminotransferase activity is taken as an index, which should be less than 25 units measured by Wright's method. If the index is unqualified, it is not suitable to participate in blood donation, but it does not mean that there must be something wrong with liver function. 4. Examination of blood infectious diseases: At present, four items such as hepatitis B virus surface antigen, hepatitis C virus antibody, HIV antibody and syphilis serological examination are examined. Anyone who tests positive may not participate in blood donation. 1. Before donating blood, it is best to bring ID cards, household registration books, military ID cards and other identification certificates. 2. Do not eat high-fat or high-protein foods, such as fat, fish, fried dough sticks, etc. Two meals before blood donation. In the morning, you should eat some light food, such as porridge, steamed bread, bread, eggs and so on. 4. properly replenish water to ensure that the blood is not too sticky. Don't be nervous before donating blood, and keep relaxed and happy. You should know that healthy people donate blood in moderation according to regulations, which has no effect on the body, so don't worry. 6. Go to bed early the night before blood donation to ensure adequate sleep. 7. It is best to take a bath and put on clean underwear, especially elbows, before donating blood. 8. No drinking is allowed on the day before and on the day of blood donation. 9. Listen to the guidance of the medical staff at the blood donation site to ensure that the whole blood collection process is carried out in an orderly manner. How to protect the eye of the needle after blood donation? Timely and correct pinhole nursing will reduce or avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions after blood donation. 1. After blood donation, cover the puncture hole with a sterile cotton ball, fix it with adhesive tape, and press the needle eye along the vein with three fingers for 5 minutes. 2. Check the puncture site for bleeding or bleeding. If there is bleeding, raise your arm and continue to press the local area. 3. In order to protect the puncture hole from infection, do not remove the dressing on the puncture hole for at least 4 hours. 4. 1-2 days, don't touch water at the eye of the needle. Precautions for sports after blood donation Personal activities should be moderate: Please do not engage in aerial work, hot work, driving a car, sports competitions, all-night entertainment and other activities on the day after blood donation.