Brief introduction of Feng Menglong's life?

Feng Menglong (1574 ~ 1646) was a dramatist and popular writer in Ming Dynasty. The word "dragon" means "dragon son" and "Mohan Zhai Zhu". Changzhou, Jiangsu (now Wuxian, Jiangsu) people. Talents are rare, and they are also called "Wu Xia San Feng" with their brothers Feng Menggui and Feng Mengxiong. Feng Menglong was not satisfied with the imperial examination all his life. He didn't make up the tribute until he was 57 years old, and was elected as the magistrate of Shouning County in Fujian at the age of 6 1. So he wrote books in anger and devoted his main energy to the cause of collecting and sorting out popular literature. In terms of novels, he completed the compilation of Yu's Ming Yan (the old topic is Ancient and Modern Novels), Shi Jing and Xing Yan, supplemented the novel The Legend of Pingyao, changed it to the History of New China, edited notes such as Ancient and Modern Love History, and commented on You Shang. As for folk songs, he collected and arranged them. In traditional Chinese opera, he revised Zhong Jing Banners and Guesthouse, compiled Sanqu Collection and Taixia Zou Xin, and created two plays, The Legend of Two Heroes and Everything is Enough. He is a writer who has made great contributions to all aspects of popular literature in the history of China literature. Feng Menglong is also a patriot. When Chongzhen was appointed as Shouning County Magistrate in 1999, he had stated the reasons for the decline of the country. When the Qing soldiers went south, he carried out anti-Qing propaganda and published a book called "A Brief Introduction to Zhongxing". In the third year of Qing Shunzhi (1646), he died of grief and indignation in the spring, saying that he was killed by Qing soldiers.

Influenced by Li Zhuowu, Feng Menglong dared to break through the traditional ideas. He put forward: "Secular knowledge of reason is a model of emotion, who knows that reason is the dimension of reason?" ("Love History" Volume I "General Comment") emphasizes sincere feelings and opposes hypocritical ethics. In literature, he attaches great importance to the sincere feelings and great enlightenment contained in popular literature. He believes that popular literature is "the voice of folk temperament", "the natural text between heaven and earth" and the expression of true feelings. In "Folk Songs", he put forward the literary proposition of "developing famous counterfeit drugs through the true feelings of men and women", which showed the characteristics of the times of breaking through the shackles of ethics and pursuing individual liberation. He attaches great importance to the educational function of popular literature. In Preface to Ancient and Modern Novels, he thinks that "reciting the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius every day is not necessarily so quick and profound", and popular novels can make "the fearful people brave, the immoral people loyal, the thin people depressed, and the stubborn people sweating". These views are a powerful blow to the contempt for popular literature.

Sanyan, edited by Feng Menglong, represents the achievements of parody in Ming Dynasty and is a treasure house of China's ancient vernacular short stories. These three collections of novels were compiled and published in Apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty. There are 40 *** 120 of "Sanyan" respectively, of which about one-third are Song and Yuan versions and two-thirds are Ming versions. "San Yan" is more related to the economic activities of the citizen class, showing the friendship between small producers; There are also some works that promote feudal ethics and promote immortality; Among them, love and marriage account for a large proportion, and Ten Mothers' Treasure Boxes is one of the best, and it is also a masterpiece of the Ming Dynasty. In a word, parody in Ming Dynasty reflects the emotional consciousness and moral concept of the citizen class, and has the color of citizen literature. It embodies the social characteristics in the embryonic period of capitalism and has distinct characteristics of the times. In art, "Sanyan" has made great progress compared with Song and Yuan Dynasties. Like Song and Yuan Dynasties, it has twists and turns, but its length is longer, the theme is more concentrated, the description of human feelings and the world is richer, and the inner description is more delicate. However, the language of Sanyan is not as vivid as the script, and the contradictions and conflicts have also been diluted.

Feng Menglong has made outstanding contributions to novels, operas and literary theories, and plays an important role in the history of literature.