Tongqi characters in Maohao classical Chinese reading

1. Reading of the classical Chinese version of "Cat Hao"

There was a domesticated cat in Qi Dynasty, which was so strange that it was nicknamed "tiger cat" by people. The guest said: "The tiger is fierce and fierce, not as powerful as the dragon. Please change its name to 'My Neighbor Totoro'." Another guest said: "The dragon is the spirit of the tiger. When the dragon ascends to the sky, it must be floating in the clouds. It is said that it is even better than the dragon." ? It’s better to call it ‘cloud’.” Another guest said: “The clouds cover the sky and the wind blows away, so the clouds are no match for the wind.” Another guest said: “The strong wind blows. The wall is covered with a wall, but the wind is like a wall. It is called a "wall cat". Another guest said: "Although the wall is solid, it is a rat hole, and the wall is broken." How about a mouse? It’s called a ‘rat cat’.” Dongli’s father-in-law sneered and said, “Hey, the mouse hunter is like a cat. The cat has cat ears, so he has lost his true nature.”

(Selected from "Ying Xie Lu")

Notes ① Liu Yuanqing: Ming Dynasty acting scholar, educationist, and litterateur. He is the author of "Ying Xie Lu", a collection of jokes. ②Qi Yan: a person’s name. ③Shang: Sublime, here it means exceeding. ④宮(pǐ): collapsed, collapsed. ⑤Dongli Zhangren: Father-in-law, an old man. Dongli's father-in-law is a fictional character created by the author.

18. Explain the dotted words in the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) Self-surprise ( ) (2) Tiger is fierce ( )

(3) Clouds cover the sky ( ) (4) Please change the name to "Wind" ( )

19. Write the meaning of the following sentences in modern Chinese. (2 points)

The dragon is as strong as the tiger. When the dragon ascends to the sky, it must float on the clouds. Is it even better than the dragon?

20. What do the words of Dongli’s father-in-law tell us? (2 points)

Answers to reading "Cat Number": compiled by Fuqing Chinese Education Network

18. (1) Feel strange (find... strange, think... strange) ( 2) Indeed, reality (3) Cover (4) Change (4 points, 1 point for each question)

19. The dragon is originally just as magical as the tiger, (but) the dragon must float on the clouds to ascend to the sky, and the clouds are better than Dragons are more powerful, right? (2 points, the meaning is correct)

20. Things should be as they are. Value their essence and do not lose their authenticity. The same goes for dealing with people.

(2 points, the meaning is correct) 2. Classical Chinese reading: Cat Number

9. A cat is a cat, why should you lose your originality and truth?

10. Things are what they are, value their essence and don’t lose their authenticity. The same goes for dealing with people.

Give you some reference

Translation

Qi Yan raised a cat. He thought it was very strange and told others that its name was tiger cat. The guest advised him: "The tiger is indeed very powerful, (but) not as powerful as the dragon. Please change its name to Totoro." Another guest advised him: "The dragon is indeed more powerful than the tiger. When the dragon ascends to the sky, it must float on the clouds. Is it more advanced than a dragon? It's better to call it a cloud." Another guest advised him: "The clouds cover the sky and the wind suddenly blows them away. The clouds are no match for the wind. Please change the name to the wind." He said: "The wind is blowing violently, and a wall is enough to block it. How does the wind compare with the wall? Let's name it a wall cat." Another guest persuaded him: "Although the wall is strong, mice will fight inside it." The wall is all collapsed. How does the wall compare with the mouse? How about naming it a mouse?" Old Man Dongli said disdainfully: "The mouse is a cat, and the cat is a cat. Why should you lose your originality and authenticity? Huh? ”

Explanation

1. Livestock: raise

2. Number: Name is used as a verb here to take the name

3. Other: The list of modal words predicts that the mood is equivalent to 'maybe', 'maybe', 'probably'.

Shang: sublime here means exceeding

4. Sui: rapid

5. Cave: hole

6. Father-in-law: old man

7. Chi: disdain

8. Ben: original

9. Shang: superb

10. Mist: fog

11 . Biao: Storm here is used as the adverbial of 'rising'

12. Pi (pi): destroyed

13. Therefore: Tong (same) "solid", originally

14. Ziqizhi: I think it is strange

15. Wei screen and wall: Wei, the modal particle at the beginning of the sentence. Use the wall as a barrier

16. The dragon is more powerful than the tiger: the dragon is indeed more powerful than the tiger

17. The wind is like a wall: what is the comparison between wind and wall

18. Dongli's father-in-law: the author's fictional character

19. Hu Wei: why

Thank you for your acceptance! 3. Reading classical Chinese about the cat named Qi'an

Qi'an had a domesticated cat, which was so strange that it was nicknamed "tiger cat" by people. The guest said: "The tiger is fierce and fierce, not as powerful as the dragon. Please change its name to 'My Neighbor Totoro'." Another guest said: "The dragon is the spirit of the tiger. When the dragon ascends to the sky, it must be floating in the clouds. It is said that it is even better than the dragon." ? It’s better to call it ‘cloud’.” Another guest said: “The clouds cover the sky and the wind blows away, so the clouds are no match for the wind.” Another guest said: “The strong wind blows. The wall is covered with a wall, but the wind is like a wall. It is called a "wall cat". Another guest said: "Although the wall is solid, it is a rat hole, and the wall is broken." How about a mouse? It’s called a ‘rat cat’.” Dongli’s father-in-law sneered and said, “Hey, the mouse hunter is like a cat. The cat has cat ears, so he has lost his true nature.”

(Selected from "Ying Xie Lu")

Notes ① Liu Yuanqing: Ming Dynasty acting scholar, educationist, and litterateur. He is the author of "Ying Xie Lu", a collection of jokes. ②Qi Yan: a person’s name. ③Shang: Sublime, here it means exceeding. ④宮(pǐ): collapsed, collapsed. ⑤Dongli Zhangren: Father-in-law, an old man. Dongli's father-in-law is a fictional character created by the author.

18. Explain the dotted words in the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) Self-surprise ( ) (2) Tiger is fierce ( )

(3) Clouds cover the sky ( ) (4) Please change the name to " "Wind" ( )

19. Write the meaning of the following sentences in modern Chinese. (2 points)

The dragon is as strong as the tiger. When the dragon ascends to the sky, it must float on the clouds. Is it even better than the dragon?

20. What do the words of Dongli’s father-in-law tell us? (2 points)

Answers to reading "Cat Number": compiled by Fuqing Chinese Education Network

18. (1) Feel strange (find... strange, think... strange) ( 2) Indeed, reality (3) Cover (4) Change (4 points, 1 point for each question)

19. The dragon is originally just as magical as the tiger, (but) the dragon must float on the clouds to ascend to the sky, and the clouds are better than Dragons are more powerful, right? (2 points, the meaning is correct)

20. Things should be as they are. Value their essence and do not lose their authenticity. The same goes for dealing with people.

(2 points, the meaning is correct) 4. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the small questions

Small question 1: (1) Feel strange (surprised by..., think... ...strange) (2) Indeed, reality (3) Cover (4) Change

Question 2: The dragon is originally just as magical as the tiger, (but) the dragon must float on the clouds to ascend to the sky, and the clouds are more powerful than the dragon Superb, right?

Question 3: Things are as they are, value their essence and don’t lose their authenticity. The same goes for dealing with people.

Analysis of test questions:

Question 1: This question tests the interpretation of content words in classical Chinese. The word "qi" in sentence (1) is used as an adjective with a verb meaning, and is translated as feeling strange (taking... as strange, thinking... strange). "Sincerity" in sentence (2) means true and real. Covering is covering.

"Geng" in sentence (4) means to change.

Question 2: This question tests the translation of classical Chinese sentences. "Gu" is the original meaning, and "Yu" is comparison. Literal translation should be carried out based on accurate translation, and the sentences should be smooth and fluent.

Question 3: This question tests the understanding of the extracurricular classical Chinese center. In this story, the protagonist wonders about his cat and his guests compete to name the cat. Finally, Dongfang’s father-in-law expresses his own opinion: "The mouse catcher is the cat, and the cat is the cat's ears. Has Hu Wei lost his true nature?" It expresses the fundamental view that things have their essential attributes, and Dongfang Zhangren intends to educate us to see the essence of things through superficial phenomena, and not to evaluate things away from the essence of things. This is how you should treat others. 5. The inspiration after reading Liu Yuanqing's "Cat Number"

The author sympathizes with the weak birds and hates the ferocity of cats, and uses this to describe social phenomena, thus further highlighting the character of cats who represent dark forces. Brutality, and the author's hatred for it. What goes deeper is exposing the hypocrisy of cat lovers.

Cats can spread rabies and many other diseases, which are extremely harmful to humans. Killing cats is a heroic act to eliminate harm for the people. Killing a cat is not abusing it.

Cat lovers allow humans to be harassed by cats for the benefit of cats. Cat lovers are abusive demons.

Cat lovers suffer from serious mental illness. Cat lovers are also called cat slaves, a group of notorious lunatics.

Many cat owners end up being bitten and scratched by their own cats, which in turn spreads diseases.

Cats are naturally cruel and murderous towards animals that are weaker than themselves, such as birds. After all, cats and tigers are biologically close relatives.

Smart people are against keeping cats. For environmental reasons, cats must be killed! 6. Reading of Cat's Meow in Classical Chinese

The original text is about a domesticated cat in Qi Dynasty. He named it "Tiger Cat" out of curiosity and called it "Tiger Cat."

Guests said it: "Hu Cheng" It is not as fierce as the dragon god. Please change its name to 'My Neighbor Totoro'."

Another guest said: "The dragon is as strong as the tiger. When the dragon rises to the sky, it must float on the clouds. Is it better than the dragon? It's better to call it 'Yun.'" Another guest said: "The clouds cover the sky and the wind disperses them, so the clouds are no match for the wind. Please change the name to 'Wind'."

Another guest said. He said: "The strong wind is blowing up, and the screen is covered by a wall. How can the wind be like a wall? It can be called a 'wall cat'." Another guest said: "Although the wall is solid, it is like a rat's hole. The wall is in ruins, why is it like a rat?"

The father-in-law of Dongli scoffed and said, "Hey! A cat is a cat." Er, you have lost your roots!" Translation: Qi Yan raised a cat and thought it was very strange, so he told others that its name was tiger cat.

The guest advised him: "The tiger is indeed very powerful, (but) it is not as powerful as the dragon. Please change its name to Totoro." Another guest advised him: "The dragon is indeed more powerful than the tiger. The dragon ascends to the sky. It must float on the clouds. Clouds are more advanced than dragons, so they are called clouds."

Another guest advised him: "The clouds cover the sky, and the wind suddenly blows them away, so the clouds are like clouds. If it can't stand up to the wind, please change its name to Feng." Another guest advised him: "The strong wind is blowing, and a wall is enough to block it. How does the wind compare with the wall? How about naming it a wall cat?"

Another guest persuaded him: "Although the wall is strong, rats dug holes in it, and the wall collapsed. How does the wall compare with rats? How about naming it rat cat?" Old Man Dongli was disdainful. Said: "The mouse-catcher is originally a cat, and a cat is a cat. Why do you want to lose your originality and reality?" Explanation 1. Livestock: raise 2. Number: Name used as a verb here is to take a name 3. Other: modal particles The expression of speculation is equivalent to 'maybe', 'maybe' or 'probably'.

11. Biao: Storm here is used as the adverbial of 'rising' 12. Pi (pi): destroyed 13. Therefore: Tong (same) "solid", originally 14. Ziqizhi: I think it is strange 15. Wei screen with wall : Wei, the modal particle at the beginning of the sentence. Use the wall as a barrier 16. The dragon is stronger than the tiger: the dragon is indeed more powerful than the tiger 17. Why is the wind like a wall: How is the wind compared to the wall 18. Dongli Zhangren: the author's fictional character 19. Hu Wei: why. 7. The knowledge of classical Chinese in Ziyu's polemic is polysemy, false characters, ancient and modern idioms, and translation of key words

(1) Song Gong: Song Xianggong, named after his father.

In 638 BC, Song attacked Chu and Chu rescued Zheng. In the winter of this year, the Song and Chu armies fought at Hong.

Hong: Hongshui is located in the west of Zhecheng County, Henan Province today. (2) Both: finished.

Ji: to cross. (3) Sima: The senior officer who commands the army, this refers to Ziyu.

(4) Chen: Tong "formation", used as a verb here, that is, to set up a formation. (5) Stock: Thigh.

(6) Gatekeeper: the monarch’s guard. (7) Heavy (chóng from) again.

(8) Bird: means "capture", captive. Ermao: gray hair, refers to the elderly.

(9) Idiot: The king calls himself. After the country was subjugated: the descendants of those who subjugated the country.

Song Xianggong was a descendant of the Shang Dynasty, which died in the Zhou Dynasty. (10) Drum: drumming (march) is a noun used as a verb.

(11) Qing (qíngqing) enemy: a powerful enemy. Qing: strong and powerful.

(12) Pass: used as a verb here, it is in a dangerous place. (13) Like: Help.

(14) Hu Geng (gǒu Gou): a very old person. Hu: Old.

(15) Why Yu Ermao: It means that you don’t care about the gray-haired enemy. (16) Submission: Surrender (to the enemy).

(17) Three armies: During the Spring and Autumn Period, the great states had three armies, namely, the upper army, the middle army, and the lower army. This refers to the military in general.

Use: to apply, here refers to combat. (18) Golden Drum: In ancient times, when fighting, drums were beaten to advance the troops, and gold was sounded to withdraw the troops.

Gold: Metal sounder. Voice: boost morale.

(19) 儳 (chánslander): Unorganized, this refers to an army that is not in formation. (20) Understand shame: Make people understand what shame is.

(21) Teaching combat: teaching combat skills. [Edit this paragraph] Translation Background of the event: King Xiang of Song Dynasty wanted to dominate the princes and become the leader of the alliance.

The State of Chu was powerful, and the State of Zheng was elected as a vassal, and the State of Chu became the leader of the alliance. King Xiang of Song Dynasty was not angry and attacked Zheng Guo in anger.

The Chu army attacked Song to rescue Zheng. Duke Xianggang of the Song Dynasty was about to fight, but Grand Sima Ziyu tried to dissuade him, saying, "God has abandoned the Shang Dynasty for a long time. It is unforgivable for the king to revive it.

" Duke Xianggang refused to listen. Duke Xiang led his troops to fight with the Chu army at Hongshui.

The Song army has already lined up, but the Chu army has not yet crossed the river. Ziyu said: "There are many of them and we are few. Before they all cross the river, please give the order to attack them." Yu then reported the above opinions to Duke Xiang.

Duke Xiang said: "It's not enough yet." He waited until the Chu army was ready and then attacked them. As a result, the Song army was defeated.

Song Xianggong was injured in the leg and all the bodyguards were killed. Everyone in the country blamed Duke Xiang.

Duke Xiang said: "A gentleman no longer hurts the injured, nor takes prisoners of the gray-haired. The ancient principle of leading troops in battle is not to rely on dangerous terrain to block the enemy.

I Even the descendants of the Yin Shang who lost their country will not attack an army that is not in good order." Ziyu said, "You don't know how to fight.

The army of a strong enemy cannot line up in a dangerous place. This is because God is helping us. Isn’t it also possible to block the enemy in a dangerous place and attack them? (That’s it) Are you afraid that you won’t be able to win? And the powerful people we face now are all our enemies. Even if a very old person is captured and brought here as a prisoner, why does he care about his gray hair? Mingshai is used to boost the morale of soldiers and teach them combat skills in order to kill the enemy.

If you haven’t hurt (the enemy) to the point of death, why can’t you hurt them again? If you pity (them, unwilling) to harm the wounded enemy, you should start not to hurt them; if you pity the gray-haired ones among them, it is better to surrender to the enemy. The army should seize the opportunity to attack, and the sound of bells and drums should be used to boost morale.

It is possible to attack when the time is favorable and to block the enemy in dangerous places. The drums can be played loudly to boost morale, and it is also acceptable to use the drums to attack unorganized enemies. ” 8. How to review to stand out from the competition

1. Set some time limits for yourself.

Studying for a long time can easily make you bored. At this time, you can Divide the homework into several parts and limit the time for each part, such as completing this exercise within an hour, completing that test before eight o'clock, etc. This will not only help improve efficiency, but also prevent fatigue if possible. If so, gradually shorten the time spent, and soon you will find that homework that could not be completed in one hour can now be completed in forty minutes.

2. Don’t do other things or think about it while studying. Other things. Everyone knows that you can’t do two things at once, but there are still many students who listen to music while studying.

Maybe you will say that listening to music is a good way to relax your nerves, so you can concentrate on it. After studying for an hour, relax and listen to music for a quarter of an hour. This is much better than doing homework with headphones. 3. Don't review the same lesson all night.

I used to do it in one night. Looking at mathematics or physics, practice has proven that this is not only easy to fatigue, but also very ineffective. Later, I arranged to review two or three homework every night, and the situation was much better.

Except for the very important content. In addition, you don’t need to take detailed notes in class. If you are busy taking notes in class, the efficiency of listening to the class will not be high, and you cannot guarantee that you will read the notes after class.

The main job should be to digest and absorb the teacher's lectures and take some brief notes. I have talked about learning efficiency with many people.

We often see this situation: A certain classmate studied extremely hard. He studied at school and also studied at home. He stayed up late from time to time and solved countless questions, but his grades never improved. In fact, I was also very anxious when faced with this situation. Originally, if you put in the effort, you will be rewarded. There should be rewards, and it is natural that the more you pay, the more you pay. But this is not the case. There is a question of efficiency.

What does efficiency mean? Some people can learn something after practicing it ten times, while others need to practice it a hundred times. There is an issue of efficiency. I think the most important thing is to balance work with rest.

What is most needed to improve learning efficiency is a clear and agile mind, so proper rest and entertainment are not only beneficial, but also necessary. They are the basis for improving the efficiency of learning in class. How to improve? From my experience, it is necessary to have a certain amount of preview before class. However, my preview is relatively rough. It is just a quick glance at the textbook, so that the content and key points of the textbook are roughly summarized. With a score in mind, the lesson will be more targeted.

We don’t need to be too detailed when previewing. If we are too detailed, it will be a waste of time and we will be a little lax during class. Sometimes the most useful things are ignored.

Of course it is necessary to listen carefully during class, but as a teacher of mine once said, no one can concentrate on a class. That is to say, it is impossible to concentrate for more than forty minutes without losing focus, so in class There is also a problem of time allocation during this period. When the teacher talks about something very familiar, you can relax appropriately.

In addition, taking notes sometimes hinders the efficiency of classroom listening. Sometimes I am busy copying notes during a class. In doing so, I sometimes overlook some very important things, but this does not mean that it is not necessary to take notes. Copying notes is not possible without taking notes. Everyone will forget. With notes, you have a foundation when you review. Sometimes the teacher talks a lot and you remember a lot on the blackboard, but you don’t need to remember everything. There are things in the book. Of course, don't memorize it. Memorize some theorems and laws that are not in the book, typical examples and typical solutions. These are the things that are truly valuable to memorize. Otherwise, remembering what you see will inevitably affect the efficiency of listening in class, and the gain will outweigh the loss.

How to improve the efficiency of writing questions? The most important thing is to choose a "good topic". You must not just answer the topic indiscriminately. In that case, you will often get half the result with half the effort. The questions are all centered around knowledge points, and many of the questions are quite similar. First, choose the knowledge point you want to strengthen, and then choose questions around this knowledge point. You don’t need to have many questions, as long as one similar question is enough. , after choosing the topic, you can do it seriously.

The improvement of the efficiency of writing questions also depends to a large extent on the process after writing the questions. For questions that are answered incorrectly, one should seriously think about the reasons for the mistakes, whether it is due to unclear knowledge of the knowledge points or carelessness. After analyzing it, do it again to deepen your impression, so that the efficiency of writing the questions will be much higher. Comment: Xia Yu’s suggestions on listening to lectures and doing questions actually reflect an important method to improve learning efficiency - "focus your efforts on the edge", that is, allocate time reasonably, focus on the key points when listening to lectures and taking notes, and do Exercises should capture typical examples, which is "get twice the result with half the effort" in learning.

Learning efficiency is an important factor in determining academic performance. So, how do we improve our learning efficiency? The first point is to be confident.

Many scientific researches have proven that people have great potential, but most people have not effectively developed this potential. Among them, people's self-confidence is a very important aspect. No matter when and where you do anything, with this kind of self-confidence, you will have a belief that you must win, and you can quickly get rid of the shadow of failure.

On the contrary, if a person loses his self-confidence, he will achieve nothing and will easily fall into eternal inferiority. Another important way to improve learning efficiency is to learn to be attentive.

The process of learning should be a process of thinking with the brain. Whether it is looking with the eyes, reading with the mouth, or copying with the hands, it is all a means to assist the use of the brain. The real key lies in using the brain. To think. Take a very simple example, such as memorizing words. If you just browse or copy aimlessly, it may take you many times to remember it, and it is not easy to remember it. But if you can give full play to your imagination, By using the association method to remember, you can often remember things quickly and be less likely to forget them.

Many methods for quickly memorizing English words introduced in many books now also emphasize the role of brain association. It can be seen that if you can concentrate on 7 and unleash the potential of your brain, you can definitely improve the effect of learning.

Another important factor that affects learning efficiency is people's emotions. I think everyone has had such an experience one day. 9. Please read the following ancient text carefully and complete the questions

Question 1: (1) It is strange to think that... is strange (2) It is true (3) Naming (4) Even if

Question 2: The mouse-catcher is originally a cat, and a cat is a cat. Why should it lose its true identity?

Question 3: This article tells us that we must seek truth from facts and preserve the true nature of human nature. (Or the evaluation of people and things must be consistent with objective reality, be appropriate, and cannot be exaggerated or reduced.

) (3 points)

Question 1:

Question analysis: "odd", adjective verb: I think it is unusual. This type of usage is generally seen before noun pronouns. "Sincerity" has different meanings in ancient and modern times. The ancient meaning is "certainty". "Name": noun verb: naming. "Although" has different meanings in ancient and modern times. The ancient meaning is "even if".

Comments: This question is difficult. Students are not familiar with extracurricular ancient Chinese, and most of the words in this question have ancient and modern synonyms, which is easy to confuse. When learning ancient Chinese, you should pay attention to accumulating more words, understand their meanings and changes, and strengthen your memorization.

Question 2:

Analysis of test questions: "Gu" means original; "ER" means modal particles are not translated, so don't read the meaning of the word; "Hu": why; "本" "True": true face.

Comments: This question is difficult. Without understanding the content of the article, students can easily see the meaning of the words and translate them intuitively, such as the word "ear". You should read more ancient Chinese in daily life, increase your knowledge of ancient languages, and improve your ability to read ancient Chinese.

Question 3:

Question analysis: To grasp the "authentic" understanding in the last sentence, you can think about it from the aspects of "pursuing the essence of things" and "seeking truth from facts".

Comments: This question is difficult and it is not easy for students to understand the article. Most of the "obvious meaning" of an article is at the end of the article. Some describe the ending or impact of the event, and some are the author's evaluation. This is also true for ancient Chinese prose. You must understand this feature when reading.