What causes gastrointestinal bleeding?

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common clinical symptom. It has an acute onset and develops rapidly. Patients may suffer from massive bleeding in a short period of time. If not treated in time, it will pose a serious threat to their life safety. Gastrointestinal bleeding is not a simple disease, but a symptom of digestive diseases.

The digestive system of the body refers to all the passages from the esophagus to the anus. In medicine, it is divided into two parts: the left and right parts. The upper digestive tract refers to the human organs above the duodenum. The lower gastrointestinal tract refers to the part below the duodenal suspensory tendon, including the colon, sigmoid colon and other parts. In other words, no matter which stage of the digestive system a problem occurs, it may cause gastrointestinal bleeding.

Digestive tract bleeding is mainly characterized by clinical symptoms such as vomiting blood, black stool, and occult blood in the stool. Depending on the location of the bleeding, the patient's bleeding reaction will vary. At present, the diseases causing gastrointestinal bleeding specifically fall into the following four categories.

1. Peptic ulcer

In most cases, gastrointestinal bleeding is caused by peptic ulcer, that is, gastritis and duodenal ulcer. Especially when there are many capillaries in the ulcer area, it will cause the blood vessels to rupture and bleed. When there are blood vessels at the ulcer site, it may cause massive bleeding or even death.

Generally, when the capillary ruptures, the patient's bleeding symptoms are mainly occult blood in the stool. When there is a lot of bleeding, the main symptom is black stool. Once a blood vessel ruptures, there will be a very obvious manifestation of vomiting blood.

2. Gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is an important cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, especially gastric cancer that has developed to an advanced stage. Due to ischemia and atrophy of the surface of the cancer tissue, a lot of erosion is caused. And ulceration occurs, which in turn damages the capillaries in the stomach and causes varying degrees of gastrointestinal bleeding. Its main manifestations are black stool and vomiting blood, which are more common. Patients with gastric cancer in the early stages often have abnormal symptoms such as occult blood in the stool and iron deficiency anemia.

3. Sigmoid colon disease

When you suffer from sigmoid colon disease, such as infectious diarrhea, intestinal polyps, and intestinal cancer, varying degrees of gastrointestinal bleeding will also occur. In addition, when intestinal tuberculosis, intestinal obstruction and other diseases occur, bleeding symptoms will also occur. In addition to infectious diarrhea, which can cause bleeding, other symptoms are mainly characterized by black stools in the early stages, especially in the early and late stages of colorectal cancer. As the disease progresses, patients may also experience diarrhea and sticky blood. There were several abnormalities in defecation and other symptoms.

4. Advanced liver cancer

Advanced liver cancer is also the main cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Especially when advanced liver cancer causes an increase in portal vein pressure, it will cause portal vein rupture and cause massive bleeding. In addition, localized infection in the liver will cause the intrahepatic common bile duct to be in a state of extreme dilation. When multiple cysts are combined, it will also cause damage to the veins and blood vessels, and a large amount of blood will pour into the bile duct, thereby causing gastrointestinal tract damage. Bleeding. What should you do if gastrointestinal bleeding occurs?

First, be sure to go to a large hospital for medical treatment. It is best to undergo an outpatient gastroscopy within 48 hours after gastrointestinal bleeding. The doctor will determine the cause of the bleeding and carry out appropriate treatment based on the amount of bleeding and the patient's physical condition. This includes determining the need for meals, rapid infusion and intravenous injection. If active bleeding is found during gastroscopy, hemostatic measures will be taken immediately through gastroscopy to help the patient safely get through the dangerous period of pregnancy.

Second, diet and conditioning. After seeing a doctor, when you get home, you should pay attention to three aspects of your diet:

1. Eat small meals often.

Increase 2 to 3 meals a day and moderately reduce the amount of each meal. Eating small meals frequently can help neutralize gastric acid, reduce the irritation of gastric juice to the bleeding site, and provide nutrients, which is beneficial to its recovery.

2. Avoid eating four types of foods

Avoid eating hard foods such as dried fruits and bacon; avoid eating strong-flavored foods such as coffee and tea; avoid eating acid-generating foods Foods that cause flatulence, such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, ginger, garlic, etc.; avoid drinking cold foods.

3. Eat more soft and fine foods

The main meal should be staple food. Choose foods that are high in nutrients and easy to absorb, such as eggs with a variety of proteins, soy products and fish. It is also necessary to reasonably replenish sufficient energy and vitamins.

When cooking, you should pay attention to it. It is best to chop the food and cook it. It can be steamed, boiled or simmered.

It is not suitable for deep-frying, vinegar and cold mixing.

Ask your loved ones to maintain a stable mood during meals and eat slowly to facilitate digestion and absorption. Cooperate with your loved one’s diet, and remember to prepare some soft and thin foods with low dietary fiber to prevent serious constipation.