What are the children's math stories?

Mathematics can be seen everywhere in people's lives and is closely related. If we can use math well, we can make our life faster.

1, Thales saw people reading the notice and went up to have a look. The initial notice said that Pharaoh wanted the smartest person in the world to measure the height of the pyramid. So I went to Pharaoh.

Pharaoh asked Thales what tools he used to measure the pyramids. Thales said he only used a stick and a ruler. He put the stick next to the pyramid. When the shadow of the stick was as long as the stick, he measured the length of the shadow of the pyramid and half the length of the bottom of the pyramid. Add these two lengths to get the height of the pyramid. Thales is really the smartest man in the world. He can easily measure the height of the pyramid without climbing to the top.

2. During the Warring States Period, Qi Weiwang and Tian Ji raced, and Qi Weiwang and Tian Ji each had three good horses: getting on, winning and dismounting. The race is divided into three times, and thousands of dollars are bet on each horse race. Because the horsepower of the two horses is almost the same, and Qi Weiwang's horse is better than Tian Ji's, most people think that Tian Ji will lose.

However, Tian Ji took the advice of his disciple Sun Bin (a famous strategist) and dismounted Qi Weiwang's horse, Ma Zhong of Qi Weiwang and Qi Weiwang. As a result, Tian Ji beat Qi Weiwang 2-/kloc-0-and won a lot of money. This is an example of China's ancient substitution game theory to solve problems.

3. The animal school holds a children's song competition, with the elephant teacher as the referee.

The little monkey raised his hand first and began to recite: "I can calculate carry addition, and the digits can only be added if they are aligned." The number of digits should be aligned with the number of digits. When the number of digits exceeds ten, the number of digits should be advanced to ten. Add ten and one to count quickly and accurately. "

As soon as the little monkey finished speaking, the puppy began to recite again: "abdication and subtraction are not difficult, just align the numbers." If the single digits are small enough, ten people can borrow one. If ten people return, one will be ten, and if they return, one will be missing. How to reduce ten digits, ten digits will be reduced again and again. "

Everyone applauded their wonderful performance. Teacher Elephant said, "Their nursery rhymes make us understand that both carry addition and abdication subtraction should win the championship, ok?" Everyone agrees and applauds them.

4. Meteorologist Lorenz put forward a paper entitled "Will butterflies flap their wings to cause tornadoes in the taxonomic groups?" This paper discusses that if the initial condition of a system is a little worse, its result will be very unstable. He dubbed this phenomenon "the butterfly effect". Just like we roll the dice twice, no matter how deliberately we roll, the physical phenomena and points thrown twice are not necessarily the same. Why did Lorenz write this paper?

This story happened in the winter of 196 1 2008. He operated the meteorological computer in the office as usual. Usually, he only needs to input meteorological data such as temperature, humidity and air pressure, and the computer will calculate the possible meteorological data at the next moment according to the built-in three differential equations, thus simulating the meteorological change map.

The Tang Priest and his disciples are walking on the endless desert. They are hungry and tired. Pig Bajie thought: How nice it would be to have a good meal! The Monkey King is not as greedy as Bajie. Wukong just wants to drink a glass of water. The Monkey King wanted to think, a family appeared in front of him. There is only a glass of milk on the table at the door. The Monkey King hurried forward to drink this glass of milk, but the host said, "Wait a minute, Great Sage. If you want to drink this glass of milk, you must answer a math problem. "

The Monkey King thought, just a math problem can't beat me. The Monkey King agreed. There is a problem in the host's house: pour a glass of milk, you first drink 1/2 and then drink 1/3 and finally drink all the drinks. Do you drink more milk and water? Why?

6. In the evening, I saw a difficult problem in the Olympiad Book: the number of apple trees in the orchard is three times that of pear trees. Master Lao Wang fertilizes 50 apple trees and 20 pear trees every day. A few days later, all the pear trees were fertilized, but the remaining 80 apple trees were not fertilized. Excuse me: How many apple trees and pear trees are there in the orchard?

I am not intimidated by this question, but it can stimulate my interest. I think the apple tree is three times as big as the pear tree. If two kinds of trees are to be fertilized on the same day, Master Lao Wang will fertilize "20×3" apple trees and 20 pear trees every day.

In fact, he only fertilizes 50 apple trees every day, which is 10, and the last 80 trees. Therefore, Master Lao Wang has been fertilizing for 8 days. 20 pear trees a day, 8 days is 160 pear trees. According to the first condition, there are 480 apple trees. This is to solve the problem with the idea of hypothesis, so I think the hypothesis method is really a good way to solve the problem.

7. Archimedes has many stories, the most famous of which is the story of discovering Archimedes' principle in the bath.

The king made a golden crown. He suspected that the craftsman had stolen some gold with silver, so he asked Archimedes to identify whether it was made of pure gold and not to damage the crown. Archimedes thought hard about the crown all day. One day, Archimedes went to the bathroom to take a bath. He went into the bath tub. When he immersed himself in the bath bucket, some water overflowed from the side of the bucket. Archimedes saw this phenomenon and crackled in his mind. "I found it!"

Archimedes put an equal weight gold nugget and a silver nugget into a container filled with water, and found that the silver nugget discharged much more water. So Archimedes took a gold nugget with the same weight as the crown and put it in a container filled with water to measure the displacement; Then put the crown in a container filled with water to see if the amount of water discharged is the same, and the problem will be solved. With further research, Archimedes principle, the most important cornerstone of fluid mechanics, was born.

When Gauss was still in the second grade of primary school, one day his math teacher wanted to take time out of class to deal with some personal affairs, so he planned to give the students a difficult problem to practice. His topic is:

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+ 10=?

Because addition has just been taught, the teacher thinks it will take a long time for students to solve this problem. I can also take this opportunity to deal with unfinished business. But in the blink of an eye, Gauss had stopped writing and sat there doing nothing. The teacher saw it and called Gauss angrily.

But Gauss said he had figured out the answer, which was 55. The teacher was startled and asked how Gauss worked it out. Gauss replied, "I just found out that the sum of 1 and 10 is the sum of1,2 and 9,1,3 and 8,1/kloc-0. And because11+1+11+11= 55, that's how I worked it out. " Hearing this, the teachers and students all gave Gauss a thumbs-up. Later Gauss grew up and became a great mathematician.

9. Bajie went to Huaguoshan to find Wukong, and the Great Sage was not at home. The little monkeys warmly entertained Bajie and picked 100 of the most delicious peaches in the mountains. Bajie said happily, "Let's eat together!" How to eat? Counting ***30 monkeys, Bajie found a branch and drew it on the ground, and listed the formula, 100 ÷ 30 = 3... 1.

Pig Bajie pointed to the top three and said generously, "You can eat three peaches each. Look, the rest 1 I ate it! " The little monkeys were very grateful to Bajie. They thanked him one by one, and then each took his share.

When Wukong came back, the little monkeys told Wukong how generous Bajie was today and why he only ate a pecan. Seeing Pig's arrangement, Wukong shouted, "What a fool! I'll find him! "

Haha, do you know how many peaches Bajie ate?

10. A customer of a crutch shop bought a crutch made in 30 yuan. He took out a ticket for 50 yuan and asked for change.

Just as there was no change in the store, the shopkeeper went to the neighbor's house to change 50 yuan's ticket into change and gave the customer 20 yuan's change.

Just after the customer left, the neighbors came running in a panic and said that this ticket for 50 yuan was fake. The shopkeeper had to compensate his neighbor 50 yuan. Then I went out to chase the customer, caught him and said, "You liar, I paid my neighbor 50 yuan and I gave you a 20 yuan." You took another cane, and you have to compensate me for the loss of 100 yuan. "

The customer said, "The cost of a walking stick is 30 Yuan You left when your neighbor gave you change, so I only took your 70 yuan."

Please calculate, how much is the real loss of the rattan shop? It should be added here that the cost of crutches is 20 yuan. If this customer succeeds in fraud, how much did * * * cheat?

1 1. I read a story today, asking swallows to try frogs. The story goes like this: One day, the swallow said to the frog, "Let's compare who is better at math. The frog agreed. Frog problem: Last Monday, I ate a pest. On Tuesday, I ate three pests. After that, I ate two more pests every day than the day before. How many pests do I eat in a week? The swallow said, "1+3 = 44+5 = 99+7 =1616+9 = 2525+1= 3636+13 ="

The frog said, "Test me." The swallow said, "I ate two pests last Monday, four on Tuesday, and then two more every day than the day before." Ask me for a week ... ""I ate 56 pests ". Before the swallow finished speaking, the frog had given the answer. The swallow said, "How fast! Teach me the trick of quick calculation. " The frog asked the swallow to draw seven circles, then put a pest in the first circle, and there were two more circles behind than in front. Their order is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 1 1, 13, which adds up to 49. The frog put a pest outside each circle and used it again. Swallows praise frogs for their cleverness.

12, the problem of keeping chickens and rabbits in the same cage is one of the famous and interesting topics in ancient China. About 1500 years ago, this interesting question was recorded in Sun Tzu's calculation. The book describes it this way: Today, chickens and rabbits are in the same cage, with 35 heads above and 94 feet below. The geometry of chicken and rabbit?

These four sentences mean: there are several chickens and rabbits in a cage, counting from the top, there are 35 heads; It's 94 feet from the bottom. How many chickens and rabbits are there in each cage? Can you answer this question? Do you want to know how to answer this question in Sunzi Suanjing?

The answer is this: If you cut off the feet of every chicken and rabbit in half, then every chicken will become a "one-horned chicken" and every rabbit will become a "two-legged rabbit". In this way, the total number of feet of (1) chickens and rabbits changed from 94 to 47. (2) If there is a rabbit in the cage, the total number of feet is more than the total number of heads 1.

So the difference between the total number of feet 47 and the total number of heads 35 is the number of rabbits, that is, 47-35 = 12 (only). Obviously, the number of chickens is 35- 12 = 23.

This idea is novel and strange, and its "foot-cutting method" has also amazed mathematicians at home and abroad. This way of thinking is called reduction. Reduction method means that when solving a problem, we do not directly analyze the problem first, but deform and transform the conditions or problems in the problem until it is finally classified as a solved problem.

13, a snail accidentally fell into a dry well and cried at the bottom of the well. A toad came over and said angrily to the snail, "Stop crying, little brother, it's no use crying. The wall of this well is high and slippery, so you can only live here if you fall here. " I have lived here for many years. "

The snail looked at the old and ugly toad and thought, "What a beautiful world outside the well! I can never live in a dark and cold well like it. " The snail said to the toad, "Uncle toad, I can't live here. I have to climb out. How deep is this well? " "Ha ha ha ..... it's a joke, this well 10 meters deep, you are so young. How can such a heavy shell climb out? "

"I am not afraid of suffering, not afraid of being tired. I can always climb out after a while every day! " The next day, the snail was full and began to climb along the wall. It has been climbing up. At night, it finally climbed 5 meters. The snail was very happy and thought, "At this rate, I can climb out tomorrow night."

Thinking about it, I fell asleep unconsciously. In the morning, the snail was awakened by a purr. At first glance, it turned out that Uncle Tu was still sleeping. He was surprised: "Why am I so close to the bottom of the well?"

It turned out that this snail fell asleep and slipped down 4 meters from the well wall. The snail sighed, gritted his teeth and began to climb again. At night, it climbed up another 5 meters, but at night, the snail fell down another 4 meters. In this way, it climbed, climbed and slipped, and finally the strong snail climbed onto the well platform. Clever boy, can you guess how many days it took the snail to climb the drilling platform?

14. Recently, a new waiter came to the "Mathematics Store", that is, Xiao "4".

One day, Little "3" went to the math shop and bought a pencil. The little "4" said, "You have to pay 1 54 yuan."

Little "3" paid 1 yuan 50 cents and asked, "How can I pay 4 cents?" Little "4" quickly said, "You don't have to pay the 4 cents." Little "3" asked doubtfully, "So you're not going to suffer?" "No, this is a rule of our shop, called" rounding ". Anything less than 4 cents is discarded. If it is more than 5 cents, it will be 1 cent. " Little "4" kindly explained. Little "3" said happily, "Thank you, that's very kind of you!"

"Yes, I like 4 very much, too." "25" ran over and said, "Because 25×4= 100, it is relatively simple to calculate, for example, 25×87×4=25×4×87, isn't it fast and simple to calculate? ! "

"Yes, really fast and easy. I also like 4. " It turned out to be "29" and "25" and quickly asked, "Hey, how can you like' 4'?" "No.29" said unhurriedly, "You don't know this. Generally speaking, February is 28 days. February is only 29 days when the Gregorian calendar year is a multiple of 4. It's only my turn once every four years. Sure, I like' 4'. However, the Gregorian calendar year is one hundred, and it must be a multiple of 400. There are only 29 days in February. This year is called leap year. "

"Ah, the use of' 4' is really great!" "25 exclaimed.

This "4" waiter is really a very gentle and likable waiter.

15, about 1500 years ago, European mathematicians did not know to use "0". They use Roman numerals. Roman numerals are symbols representing numbers, which are combined to represent different numbers according to certain rules. When using this number, the number "0" is not needed.

At that time, a scholar of the Roman Empire discovered the symbol "0" from Indian notation. He found it very convenient to use "0" for mathematical operation, and he was very happy. He also introduced the Indian method of "0" to everyone. After a while, it was known by the pope at that time.

At that time, it was the Middle Ages in Europe. The power of the church was very strong, and the power of the pope far exceeded that of the emperor. The Pope was very angry. He rebuked that the sacred number was created by God, and there was no such monster as "0" in the number created by God. Anyone who wants to introduce now is blasphemous!

So the Pope ordered the scholar to be arrested and tortured, and his ten fingers were tightly clamped with a clamp, so that his hand was disabled and he could no longer write with a pen. In this way, "0" was banned by the ignorant and cruel Pope.

However, although the use of "0" is forbidden, Roman mathematicians still use "0" secretly in mathematical research regardless of the ban, and still make a lot of mathematical contributions with "0". Later, "0" was finally widely used in Europe, but Roman numerals were gradually eliminated.

16, the door opened and a young man came in. Mr Liu Jianming asked him to sit down. The young man introduced himself and said, "I'm a tour guide from the mainland. My name is yujiang county. I'm taking a tour group to Hong Kong this time. I heard that your hotel has a comfortable environment and good service. We want to stay in your hotel. " Mr Liu Jianming immediately said enthusiastically, "Welcome, welcome, welcome. I wonder how many people are there in your group? "

"People, not bad, are a big group." Liu Jianming was overjoyed: It's great to have a big group and another big enterprise. As a tour guide, Yu Jiang saw Mr. Liu Jianming's mind. He remembered and said slowly, "Sir, if you can count the number of people in our group, we will stay in your hotel."

"Please go ahead." Mr Liu Jianming said confidently. "If I divide my group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide each group into four groups on average, there will be one more person, and then divide the four groups into four groups on average, there will be one more person, including me, of course. How many people are there at least? "

"How much is a * *?" Mr Liu Jianming immediately thought of this. He must take this business. "Without specific figures, how should we start?" He was a shrewd businessman and soon learned the answer: "At least 85 people?" Mr. Yu Jiang said happily, "Exactly, it's eighty-five. Please tell me how you worked it out? " "The least number of cases, is the last quartile, each is a person. It can be inferred that there are 1×4+ 1=5 (people) before the third score, and 5×4+ 1=2 1 (people) before the second score and the first score. " How many men and women do you have? "

"There are 55 men and 30 women." "We only have rooms for 1 1, rooms for 7 people and 5 people. How do you want to live? " "Of course, sir, you have arranged it, but men and women must be separated and there can be no empty beds." One more question. Liu Jianming had never met such a guest, so he had to spend some time again.

After thinking hard, he finally came up with the best plan: 1 1 two people, seven people in four rooms, five people in one room; One female room 1 1 person, seven people in two rooms, five people in one room, and one room * * *1/. After seeing his arrangement, Mr. Yu Jiang was very satisfied and immediately went through the accommodation formalities. Made a big deal. Although it is a bit complicated, Mr. Liu Jianming is still very happy in his heart.