Who sealed sourdrang queen? When was it sealed?

She is not a queen, but sourdrang queen, who was chased by Emperor Kangxi in the 26th year of Kangxi (1687).

Among the many queens in the Qing Dynasty, there was an outstanding figure who lived in the Three Dynasties in the early Qing Dynasty and worked for more than half a century, wholeheartedly assisting Huang Taiji, Shunzhi and Kangxi. She is called "the mother of the Qing Dynasty", and she is a famous Xiaozhuang queen. The small villages in the TV series Kangxi Dynasty and The Secret History of the Empress Dowager are artistically processed and do not fully conform to historical facts. In fact, her life has a biography in the Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty, which has also been discussed by scholars in previous dynasties. Sourdrang queen, with his intelligence and special position, tried to solve the internal contradictions and struggles in the Qing Dynasty, stabilize the society in the early Qing Dynasty and promote national unity. She is an outstanding female politician in ancient China.

First, from the ordinary imperial concubine to the empress dowager.

Empress Xiaozhuangwen (Zhuang Fei) was born in Bumubutai (or Butai in translation), the second daughter of Belezhai Sang in Horqin Department of Mongolia. She was born on the eighth day of February in the forty-first year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1665438+March 28, 2003). In the 10th year of the mandate of heaven in the late Jin Dynasty (1625), in February, thirteen-year-old Bumu Butai (Empress Xiaozhuang Wen), accompanied by his brother Wu Keshan, was sent to Liaoyang, the new capital of the late Jin Dynasty, and married Huang Taiji, the eighth son of Nurhachi at the age of 34. As early as 1 1 years ago, her aunt Zhezhe had married Huang Taiji as the richest man, and nine years later, in the eighth year of Tiancong (1634), Huang Taiji, who had inherited the Khan position, married her sister Hailanzhu, so her aunt and nephew were three colleagues. After marriage, he gave birth to three daughters for Huang Taiji. In the third year of Tiancong (1629), she gave birth to four emperors' daughters and was later named princess royal, the eternal mother of Gulun. In the sixth year of Tiancong (1632), she gave birth to five daughters, and was later named princess royal, a Gulun Shuhui; The following year, she gave birth to the emperor's seven daughters, and was later named Princess Gulun. The three princesses were married to Mongolian aristocrats Bill Tahar, Sebuteng and Ken Gilg. 1636, Huang taiji changed his country name to Daqing, proclaimed himself emperor in Shengjing (Shenyang) and changed to Yuan Chongde. At the same time, the harem system was established, and five concubines were divided among their numerous wives and concubines. Among them, the youngest Bumu Butai was named Zhuang Fei, ranking second in the West Palace-Yongfu Palace. The books awarded to her by Huang Taiji in those days were all written in Manchu, Mongolian and Chinese. I boarded the antique Dabao, and the book is called Princess Yongfu Palace. You are simple, pure and humble, but obey the queen's instructions and don't bear my life. "In the first month of the third year of Chongde (1638), the eighth son of Chen Fei, who was regarded as the heir by Huang Taiji, died, and Zhuangfei gave birth to the ninth son Fu Lin in due course two days later, which was later the emperor shunzhi Zhang Jingzhang.

In the eighth year of Chongde (1643 September 2 1), Huang Taiji, the son of Ma Rong, died of illness. Since no heir to the throne was appointed before his death, there was a power vacuum in North Korea, which caused a chaotic situation in which kings competed for the throne. Finally, the factions reached a compromise and made Fu Lin, who was only six years old, emperor. At this time, Fu Lin's biological mother, Zhuang Fei, played an important role in the Five Empresses. On August 26th (65438+1October 8th), the enthronement ceremony was held again in the main hall of Shengjing Palace. Her husband, Huang Taiji, ascended the throne here for the first time, and today is Fu Lin, the 6-year-old son of Zhuang Fei. The death of Huang taiji, as a country's respect, should be the philosopher of the palace queen, out of instinct. She will definitely recommend Fu Lin, born to Zhuangfei, to safeguard the interests of her family, Horqin. So Zhuang Fei and the queen are on the same side. The history books give people the impression that Fu Lin, the son of Zhuangfei, succeeded to the throne because the eldest son of Huang Taiji, Prince Su Houge, and Prince Duo, the 14th brother of Huang Taiji, were evenly matched. In fact, this is only one aspect of the matter. It can be inferred from what Zhuang Fei did later and the subtle changes in the attitude of the ministers of the two yellow flags at that time that Zhuang Fei spared no effort to show her outstanding political talents on the issue of Fu Lin's accession to the throne.

At first, the ministers of the two yellow flags swore an oath in Taiuterus, but when they met to discuss who would inherit the throne, the ministers of the two yellow flags only mentioned the prince, not Haug; Haug, who was ambitious to compete with Dourgen before, took a 180 degree turn, saying that he was too lucky to take on the heavy responsibility and left. This is not a gesture made by Haug on the surface, but an expression of abstention. Nothing comes close to dourgen. However, Dourgen did not become the emperor, because at this time, the two ministers of the Yellow Flag in the main hall drew their swords and vowed to establish a prince. Outside the main hall, two yellow flag guards drew their swords and left the string, tightly surrounding the seats of the Council. Just imagine, if Fu Lin is not allowed to accede to the throne at this time, who can leave the palace alive? Without the acquiescence of the Empress Zhezhe and Princess Zhuang, no one dares to do it. It should be said that Zhuang Fei's opponent Dourgen is also a politician. On balance, he chose to adopt his youngest son, Fu Lin, as the Regent, which paved the way for him to monopolize the political platform in the early years of Shunzhi. Fu Lin acceded to the throne, changed the title of Shunzhi, and Zhuang Fei was honored as the "Queen Mother of Notre Dame".

After the emperor shunzhi ascended the throne, Emperor Xiao Zhuang taught him that Ren Xian people are far from villains, and that rewards and punishments are fair, extravagant and inquisitive. In order to win over Han generals, Kong Sizhen, the daughter of Kong Youde, the king of Pingnan, was kept in the palace, and her salary was regarded as a monarch. She also married fourteen women of Huang Taiji and Princess Heshuo to Wu Xiongying, the son of Pingnan King. The emperor shunzhi is a young son of heaven, young and victorious. Sourdrang queen always puts national affairs first and properly handles the relationship with his son. After the emperor shunzhi was abolished twice, she fell madly in love with Dong E Fei. Sourdrang queen took a wise attitude towards this and made a remedy after it was irretrievable. The emperor shunzhi resolutely abandoned the first queen Bolzigit's (the niece of Zhuang Fei) and was demoted to a quiet princess. Immediately after that, she re-elected a queen Bolzigit's (the granddaughter of Zhuang Fei) with the same surname from Horqin Department to consolidate the marriage relationship with Mongolia. As for Princess Dong, sourdrang queen tolerated her, allowed her to enter the palace, and acquiesced in her promotion from princess level to imperial princess level, so as to maintain the emperor shunzhi's face and not affect the overall situation of the stability of the Qing regime. This fully shows sourdrang queen's broad mind and foresight in handling state affairs.

In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (165 1), on the seventh day of the first month, the emperor shunzhi died of smallpox at the age of 24. Under the auspices of sourdrang queen, Michelle Ye's third son, who was only 8 years old, became the heir of Emperor Kangxi, while sourdrang queen was honored as the Empress Dowager.

When Kangxi/Kloc-0 was 0/0 years old, his biological mother, Filial Empress Zhang Kang, died. In order to take care of the young emperor, Xiaozhuang left Kangxi in his own Cining Palace, and let his maid Sumaramu take care of him. Of course, Xiao Zhuang's education of Kangxi was also very strict. Kangxi later recalled: "When I was a toddler, I was taught by my holy grandmother. All my food, shoes and words have been trained. Although I live a quiet and lonely life, I was taught not to go off the rails, or I would be supervised. This is because of my success. " In the complicated political situation in the early years of Kangxi, Xiaozhuang balanced various relationships with his influence. In particular, instead of continuing to choose the queen from the matriarchal family Borzigit, she decided that Sony's granddaughter heseri hala was the queen, and Ao Bai, the assistant minister monopolized by Sony, reflected her politician's mind and knowledge. Kangxi's successful eradication of Ao Bai was also inseparable from Xiao Zhuang's support. Kangxi lived up to his grandmother's painstaking efforts and expectations, and soon grew into a generation of successful British masters. Empress Xiaozhuangwen often warned Kangxi: "In ancient times, the monarch was difficult, and the people were born for the masses. The son of heaven, with his presence and upbringing, must be led by him, and he must think deeply about the way to win the country with the people, so that the four seas will be prosperous and endless. " This means that the monarch must understand his responsibility to the people: to win the support of the people and to rule for a long time, he must make the country rich and the people rich. Emperor Kangxi tried to practice her teaching in the future. In the 12th year of Kangxi, Wu Sangui, the king of the day, and other San Francisco rebelled. From the height of the country's long-term stability, Empress Xiaozhuangwen took out her own gold and silver silk to reward those soldiers who died for their country. In the 14th year of Kangxi, Bourny of Chahar took the opportunity to rebel, and she recommended Tu Hai to Kangxi to suppress the rebellion. Tu Hai soon pacified Bourne. It can be said that sourdrang queen also contributed to the theory of the formation of Kanggan flourishing age.

Emperor Kangxi had deep feelings for Xiaozhuang and devoted himself to his grandmother. He greets her in her palace every day, does his best under her knees, and often accompanies her to travel when he is free. On one occasion, Emperor Kangxi offered incense to his grandmother on Mount Wutai to worship Buddha. Because he was worried about the rugged mountain road and the instability of the car shop, Kangxi specially prepared eight people to lift the warm sedan chair. When the horses and chariots were difficult, Kangxi called the warm sedan chair to grandma in time, let her sit in the warm sedan chair, and dismounted himself to help her move forward. Xiaozhuang said with emotion that the emperor and his grandson personally asked about such a small matter as a sedan chair. This is filial piety! Kangxi traveled, and if his grandmother couldn't accompany him, he didn't forget to report his whereabouts to her. In the spring of the 21st year of Zhao Kang (1682), in order to quell the "San Francisco Rebellion", Kangxi led many people to patrol the tomb of ancestor worship in Shengjing, and at the same time patrolled the border to strengthen the military defense in Northeast China. When the car drove to Wula, Jilin, Kangxi took the officers and men fishing and gained a lot. Kangxi immediately thought of his grandmother in Beijing. He immediately ordered the fish he caught to be soaked in sheep fat and sent to the Forbidden City. He said it was just to make grandma smile when she saw the fish. It can be seen that the feelings of grandparents and grandchildren are deep.

In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), Xiaozhuang finally fell ill because of his advanced age. Emperor Kangxi was worried when he saw that his grandmother was seriously ill. He stayed in Cining Palace day and night, stripped naked and couldn't sleep. All the medicines and food were ready and sent to his grandmother's mouth. He refused to leave when his grandmother fell asleep. He waited through the curtain and sat on the floor. Second, he heard the silence of the queen mother and immediately went to the front of the couch. He personally provided whatever his grandmother needed. During Xiaozhuang's serious illness for more than a month, Kangxi never left his grandmother's sickbed. Xiaozhuang loved his grandson and often advised him to go back to the palace to rest, but Emperor Kangxi refused to leave. Seeing grandma's illness getting worse and worse, Kangxi went to the Buddhist temple to pray every day. He made a wish in front of the Buddha that if he could make grandma recover, he would trade his life for grandma's birthday. Its scenery makes people cry.

Kangxi's prayers failed to bring miracles in the end. In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), sourdrang dowager died on December 25th at the age of seventy-five. Emperor Kangxi cried and couldn't eat. Looking back on the past, he said gratefully that when I was eight years old, my father Tian Bin passed away. When I was ten years old, my parents seemed to only remember their voices and smiles. It was all because of my grandmother's upbringing for more than 30 years. Every time I read the kindness of education, my grief is really unbearable. According to his living will, he was buried in Malanyu, Zunhua, as the tomb of Zhao Qianling. Posthumous title is "Empress Dowager Zhao Shengcishou Gong Jian 'an Yi Zhang Qingdun Wen Hui Kangzhuang and Ren Xuan Hongjing".