More than 1000 words of geographical anecdotes.

Kiribati, a country spanning four hemispheres, is a country spanning four hemispheres. The territory consists of more than 300 small islands, spanning four hemispheres, east, west, north and south; Because international international date line passes through this country, it is the only country in the world that uses two calendars.

Nauru in the Pacific Ocean is a country composed of coral reefs. Small area, sparsely populated. Countless seabirds have lived and multiplied here for thousands of years, leaving a lot of bird droppings, which have been chemically changed to form phosphate up to ten meters thick. But there is no land on the island to grow crops. Therefore, the country exports a lot of phosphate and imports soil.

Kuwait is a country without water, and most of it is desert. There are no rivers and lakes in the country, and there is a serious shortage of edible water, which has formed a national situation that "water is more expensive than oil", exporting a large amount of oil and importing a large amount of fresh water.

There are eight countries without rivers in the world, namely Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Yemen in Asia, and Libya and Djibouti in Africa.

Andorra is a pocket country in Europe, located between France and Spain, and the highest state power belongs to the heads of state of France and Spain. The country has no army, only 42 policemen; There are no prisons, and prisoners are sent to France and Spain to serve their sentences.

The country without news is located in Nauru, Oceania, and it is the only country without news in the world. There are neither newspapers nor radio and television stations in China. There is only one postman to deliver letters in this country.

The constitution of a multi-capital country stipulates that the country with two capitals is Bolivia; The country with three capitals is South Africa and the country with four capitals is Saudi Arabia.

I. China, China

The territory of four countries in the world is surrounded by the territory of another country, which has become the "China of China".

Lesotho, located in southern Africa and surrounded by the Republic of South Africa, covers an area of over 30,300 square kilometers and has a population of 65,438+200,000.

San Marino, located in the northeast of Apennine Peninsula in southern Europe, is the oldest republic in Europe, with an area of 6 1 km2 and a population of 20,000.

Monaco is located in the east of Nice, France, bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the south and surrounded by the southeast of France on three sides. It is a small country with beautiful scenery, with an area of 1.49 square kilometers and a population of more than 30,000.

The Vatican is located in the highland in the northwest corner of Rome, the capital of Italy. It is the smallest country in the world with an area of 0.44 square kilometers and a population of about 1 000.

Second, the city in the city.

London is the capital of Britain and one of the world's metropolises, with an area of 1605 square kilometers. The City of London is located in the center of Greater London, with an area of only 1.6 square kilometers and only over 4,000 residents. It is the financial and commercial center of Britain and one of the largest financial and trade centers in the world. The City of London occupies a special position in the center of London. It has its own municipal institutions, police and courts. Its position as mayor is higher than that of chairman of the London City Council. When holding a major ceremony, the Queen will arrive in London and wait for the mayor to award her a "citizen sword" before entering the city. It is really a "city within a city".

Third, the lake in the sea of bamboo.

The Aral Sea in Central Asia of the Soviet Union is a two-chamber sea, that is, another layer of sea appears below 300~500 meters of the salty sea floor. The seawater of this sea is mixed with chalk sediments, and its water is slightly mineral and salty. Scientists have found some similarities between the surface and underground of the Aral Sea. The underground sea supplies 400-500 million cubic meters of seawater to the surface sea every year and will not be exhausted. It turns out that there are several underground rivers in the Tianshan Mountains that lead directly to the underground sea of the Aral Sea.

Fourth, the lake under the lake.

There is a wonderful lake in Cape Barovo, northern alaska peninsula, USA, called Lake Nouvok. There are two layers of water in the lake, the upper layer is fresh water and the lower layer is salt water, and there is a clear dividing line between the water layers. According to textual research, these two different layers of water quality are caused by the bay. Ice, snow and rain on land usually flow into the lake, so the proportion is small and floats on it. When the wind rolled up seawater and poured it into the lake, it sank into the lower layer because of the high salt content of seawater, forming a wonderful double-layer lake.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Lake in Lake

In Lake Huron, Ontario, Canada, there is a Manitulin Island with an area of 2,766 square kilometers. There is a lake on the island called Manitulin Lake, with an area of 106.42 square kilometers, which is the largest lake in the world.

Sixth, the island in the island.

Located in the west of tonga islands in the western South Pacific Ocean, there is an island. There are lakes on the island, islands in the lake and lakes on the island, forming a rare "island in the island" in the world.

Seven, waterfalls in the waterfall

Iguazu Waterfall on the Iguazu River in South America is 4000 meters wide and is the widest waterfall in the world. It is divided into 275 waterfalls by the rocks in the middle of the river, just like being combed by a big comb. The waterfall falls 25 kilometers, and the waves splash, forming a fog curtain 30~50 meters high, which is very spectacular.

Eight, the tree on the tree

In the Taiqing Palace in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, there is a Western Han Cooper, which is wrapped by a camphor tree shaped like a dragon. There is a broad-leaved tree-Rhus chinensis in the middle of the cypress, forming a rare "three-wood integration".

Nine. Cowherd, Weaver Girl and Sky Map

According to folklore, the weaver girl descended to earth and lived a free life with the cowherd. After hearing the news, the Queen Mother forcibly brought the Weaver Girl back to the Heavenly Palace, and the Cowherd chose a son to chase the sky. The cruel queen mother separated them with gold hairpin. Looking up at the night sky, Vega in Lyra and two nearby dark stars form a triangle, much like a woven shuttle. Altair in Aquila and two dark stars form a "one" shape, like a cowherd carrying two children with a pole. The direction of the Milky Way is perpendicular to the connection between the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, just like separating them on both sides of the river. After listening to this story and observing the starry sky, students can easily identify these two stars and several constellations.

10. Burning gourd rain and whirlwind

In the later period of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang made a northern expedition to the Central Plains and visited Qishan six times. Sima Yi and Wei Jun were once trapped in Huluyu. There are fires all over the mountain, trying to burn all the enemies to death. Sima and his son couldn't escape this fate, crying to die. Unexpectedly, a sudden heavy rain doused the mountain fire, and Sima survived. In fact, the rain was not "providence", but Zhuge Liang himself. The raging fire caused the air near the mountain area to heat up and the air pressure to decrease. Cyclone is formed in the low pressure area, and it rains in the center due to the rising, cooling and condensation of air. That is to say, there was cyclone rainfall in Huluyu. Although Zhuge Liang is familiar with astronomy and geography, he lacks modern scientific knowledge and doesn't know what a cyclone is. Otherwise, he may use other tactics to annihilate Wei Jun.

XI。 Borrow the east wind and monsoon

On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu sent troops to attack Huang Gai. Offering a series of stratagems to set Cao Jun on fire, I suddenly remembered that I had neglected a major event and was very ill. Zhuge Liang took the opportunity of visiting the sick to point out that Zhou Yu's illness was "only caused by the east wind" and promised to borrow the east wind to help him. Why does Zhou Yu "owe" Dongfeng? Because the ancient battlefield of Chibi lies in the monsoon region of eastern China. It was the middle of winter, the northwest wind prevailed, and the southeast wind rarely blew. Cao Ying is in Jiangbei and Soochow is in Jiangnan. Attacking with fire will burn your home. Zhou Yu's anxiety is reasonable and in line with the climate law. The so-called "borrowing from the east wind" is actually Zhuge Liang's prediction of short-term weather anomalies around winter, which is just a mystery. Concepts such as monsoon, climate and weather can be naturally derived from this story.

Gulf War and Natural Belt

In the invasion war and the Gulf War, the United States played the trump card of the air force, but the result was the opposite. Apart from political reasons, the difference in natural environment between the two places is a very important reason. Vietnam is located in the tropical monsoon rainforest belt. Along the "Ho Chi Minh Trail", the forest covers the sky and the rugged mountain terrain makes it difficult to observe the military dynamics on the ground from the air. The use of electronic surveillance and other high-tech means by the US military to determine the bombing target has also had little effect. However, most of Iraq and Kuwait are tropical deserts with flat surface and sparse vegetation. In the face of the "carpet" bombing by multinational forces, the Iraqi army had nothing to hide, only to be beaten, its combat effectiveness was seriously damaged and it was doomed to failure. It can be seen that the natural belt and terrain have an objective impact on the air raid war.

Can Altair and Vega really meet?

The fairy tale of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl crossing the river on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month is probably a household name in China. Altair and Vega are located on both sides of the Tianhe River, which are particularly conspicuous in summer nights. Can Altair and Vega really meet once a year?

Altair and Vega are two stars like the sun, and they can also glow by themselves. The official name of Altair in China is Heguji; It combines with several other stars to form a constellation called Skyhawk. The official name of Vega in China is Vega I; It and several other stars form a constellation called Lyra. The names and divisions of constellations were introduced from the west.

Altair and Vega are far away from us! Altair 16 light years, Vega 27 light years. The distance between them is also very far, which is 16 light years. That is to say, the fastest light and electricity, from Altair to Vega, have to run nonstop 16 years, not to mention other means of transportation. Suppose the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl really live on these two stars, and they want to make a phone call or send a telegram to say hello to each other. This long-distance call will take 16 years one way! It can be seen that two stars in the sky can't "meet".

In addition, the surface temperature of Altair reaches 8000 degrees Celsius, while Vega is even higher, reaching 1 1000 degrees Celsius. Vega is bigger than Altair in size. The diameter of Vega is three times that of our sun, while the diameter of Altair is 1.6 times. How can two such big stars "meet"?

Ten unique cities in the world

World Water City: Venice, Italy is full of water, so it is called "World Water City".

World foggy city: London, England, sometimes the fog lasts for several days.

Mural Capital: Mexico City is called "Mural Capital" because of its charming paintings.

City of Wanta: Bagan, an ancient cultural city in Myanmar, is covered with ancient pagodas.

World Music City: the capital of Austria.

Garden City: Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is full of flowers.

Land without rain: Lima, the capital of Peru, has only 37 millimeters of rainfall a year.

Clock Capital: Bern, Switzerland, is rich in all kinds of clocks and watches.

Shoe City: The former Gottwadev of Czechoslovakia is known as the "shoe city" in the world.

Snake City: Italian chiefs hold the "Snake Festival" once a year. On this day, every family released their own snakes and let them crawl all over the street.