Sima Yi warned Zhuge Liang that the Northern Expedition had no practical significance.

When Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang confronted each other in Qishan, they said, "You are a ploughman in Nanyang, and you don't know the days. If you insist on invading each other, you should be annihilated! If you feel at ease and change your mind, you should go back as soon as possible, and each of you should keep your boundaries, so as to become a full-fledged situation, so as to avoid the loss of life, and you will all be alive. " These words are actually from the bottom of my heart and are of great benefit to Shu. It's a pity that Zhuge Liang has stopped listening. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang was an ingenious strategist and commander-in-chief. After borrowing an arrow from a straw boat, he said something to Lu Su: "To be a general, you don't know astronomy, geography, strange doors, yin and yang, and you don't know the military situation. You are a mediocrity. It has been decided that there will be heavy fog today before dawn, so I dare to limit it to three days. Gong Jing taught me that after ten days' work, craftsmen should not give up their materials, and understand that this romantic crime is going to kill me. My life depends on the sky, so how can public respect harm me? " This can be said to be a wonderful confession of himself. However, this military master was born as a scholar, and he was superstitious in tactics. Every time he fought, he had to set an ambush, and then he sent one or two generals out to lure the enemy: "Only lose, not win." On this point, Zhao Yun did it, while Wei Yan was quite critical. Confucius said: Too much is too late. Zhuge Jin. But in the reflection, it is a different story. Most of the tough battles in the Three Kingdoms came from Liu Bei. Zhuge Liang said, "Chengdu Ping is a strategist and general, and he is in charge of the left general's office. When my ancestors went out, they often guarded Chengdu and had enough food and soldiers. " The Hanzhong campaign was mainly commanded by Liu Bei, and the law was to seek the Lord. Chen Shou commented on Zhuge Liang's "managing Rong is long, scheming is short, and managing the people is better than being short". This evaluation is more appropriate. The commander-in-chief who is good at managing Rong, the soldiers he brought out marched moderately, gave strict orders, and did not mess up in case of change, but they were not sharp and fast enough. Simply put, the defense is good, but the attack power is not ideal. Therefore, Zhuge Liang often attacked and failed, but defeated the chasing enemy when retreating and won. Simona and Zhang He were killed in pursuit of Zhuge Liang. Therefore, it is entirely possible to trust Zhuge Liang's ability to run the army, which is neat and meticulous. At this point, Sima Yi, who was a little rough in running the army, deeply admired Zhuge Liang and praised him as a genius in the world. Sima yi also knows the art of war, so every time Zhuge Liang retreats, he does not advocate pursuing. It was not until Zhuge Liang died of illness that Sima Yi wanted to go crazy. As a result, he was fooled by Jiang Wei, leaving a joke that "Zhuge died and Zhong Da was born". Of course, Zhuge Liang took the initiative to attack and won many victories, such as "going upstream from Jingzhou and Zhaoyun, dividing counties", pacifying South Vietnam, and attacking the two counties of Yinping, the capital of Wudu, but his opponents were weak. Battle of Red Cliffs's policy of uniting Sun with Cao Cao is mainly due to Zhuge Liang. Therefore, on the whole, although Zhuge Liang's political talent is superior to his military talent, his military talent can still rank among the first-class levels. In the history books of middle schools, there are two images of people in the Three Kingdoms. One is Cao Cao, and the other is an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. The second is Zhuge Liang, a side book: a famous politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. We were stupid and didn't understand the difference between "outstanding" and "famous" at that time. Now that I think about it, "outstanding" is a final decision, but who is "famous"? Notorious, nominal, and exaggerated may all be famous! This kind of misleading teaching content is abundant in middle school textbooks. Nowadays, a fart-big official can win the title of "tried and tested, outstanding, excellent and great" after his death. Why not give Zhuge Zai a word? Thick today and thin the ancient, so teach future generations! Zhuge Liang's Longzhong pair can be regarded as one of the models of strategic thought at all times and at home and abroad. If it hadn't been for Jingzhou and Guan Gong's downfall, Zhuge Liang almost succeeded! However, when times change, strategic thinking should also be adjusted. Therefore, I think Zhuge Liang's greatest failure is not the battle of street kiosks, and the second is that he is still addicted to the dream of setting up the Central Plains in the north and restoring the Han Dynasty after Liu Bei's death, and even broke away from the idea of Longzhong's right, becoming bent on his own way and arrogant, knowing that he could not do it. At this point, he can't treat regime change with a normal heart like Lu Su and Sima Yi. Lu Su once said to Sun Quan: "In the past, Emperor Gao (Liu Bang) only wanted to respect the righteous emperor but failed to get it, and Xiang Yu was also harmed. Today's Cao Cao is still like Xiang Yu in the past. How can a general be Huan Wen (Qi Huangong and Jin Wengong assisted Zhou)? In order to eliminate theft, the Han Dynasty cannot be revived, and Cao Cao cannot be removed. For the sake of the general, there is only one foot in the east of the river to see the troubles of the world. " When Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang confronted each other in Qishan, they said, "You are a ploughman in Nanyang, and you don't know the days. If you insist on invading each other, you should be annihilated! If you feel at ease and change your mind, you should go back as soon as possible, and each of you should keep your boundaries, so as to become a full-fledged situation, so as to avoid the loss of life, and you will all be alive. " These words are actually from the bottom of my heart and are of great benefit to Shu. It's a pity that Zhuge Liang has stopped listening. Even if, according to Longzhong's strategic intention, the land holds Jing and Yi, and the world changes, Jingzhou soldiers will leave Wan and Luo, and Sichuan soldiers will leave Qishan, and the world will be settled. However, Jingzhou has been lost, and the world has not changed much. If the Northern Expedition is forced, it will not be the right time. Sima Yi strives for self-protection, which is the same reason. As long as the border is peaceful and there are no major changes, don't think about destroying each other. Everyone should worry about it. In fact, this is exactly what Sun Tzu said in the Art of War: "Yesterday's good fighters, first invincible, waiting for the enemy to win." You can't win in yourself, you can win in the enemy. " Fan Li said, "It's time to be strong, and you can't be strong if you don't investigate." All these show that Zhuge Liang's northern expedition was not timely. However, Zhuge Liang still has a worry. He is afraid that after his death, there will be no talents in Shu who can compete with the Central Plains, so he will fulfill his long-cherished wish in his lifetime. You can imagine how much mental pressure he has, and he has to shoulder all the problems himself. I think since Liu Bei's death, his life has been in a state of high pressure, depression, busyness and loneliness, and it is easy to become eager for success. If he relaxes his mind, keeps fit, lives for more than ten years, and waits patiently for the opportunity, if he is not in a hurry to explore the northern expedition, but opens up the border to the south, maybe. . . Perhaps Zhuge Liang's intelligence is not ignorant of the number of days, but his pursuit is too persistent.