What is the development history of artificial intelligence so far?

First, the initial development period: 1950s-early 1960s. After the concept of artificial intelligence was put forward, a number of remarkable research results such as machine theorem proof and checkers program were obtained, which set off the first climax of the development of artificial intelligence.

Second, the period of reflection and development: 1960s-early 1970s. The breakthrough in the early development of artificial intelligence greatly raised people's expectations for artificial intelligence, and people began to try more challenging tasks and put forward some unrealistic research and development goals. However, the successive failures and the failure of the expected goal, such as the inability to prove whether the sum of two continuous functions is a continuous function by machine, made a joke in machine translation, which made the development of artificial intelligence fall into a trough.

Third, the application development period: from the early 1970s to the middle 1980s. The expert system, which appeared in 1970s, simulated the knowledge and experience of human experts in solving specific problems, and achieved a major breakthrough in artificial intelligence from theoretical research to practical application, from general reasoning strategy discussion to professional knowledge application. The success of expert system in medical treatment, chemistry, geology and other fields has pushed artificial intelligence to a new climax of application development.

Fourth, the period of low development: from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. With the continuous expansion of the application scale of artificial intelligence, problems such as narrow application field of expert system, lack of common sense knowledge, difficulty in knowledge acquisition, single reasoning method, lack of distributed function, and difficulty in compatibility with existing databases are gradually exposed.

5. Stable development period: mid-1990s-265438+early 20th century. Due to the development of network technology, especially internet technology, the innovative research of artificial intelligence has been accelerated, and artificial intelligence technology has been further put into practical application. 1997, IBM defeated Kasparov, the world champion of chess. In 2008, IBM put forward the concept of "smart earth". All of the above are the landmark events of this period.

Vi. period of vigorous development: 20 1 1 year till now. With the development of big data, cloud computing, Internet, Internet of Things and other information technologies, the ubiquitous computing platforms such as perceptual data and graphics processors have promoted the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology represented by deep neural networks, greatly crossing the "technical gap" between science and application. Artificial intelligence technologies, such as image classification, speech recognition, knowledge quiz, man-machine games and driverless driving, have achieved technological breakthroughs from "unavailable" to "available".