What does "light" involve?

Lamp is an essay written by Mr. Ba Jin in 1942. Reading and reading, it seems that Ba Lao has returned to his passionate youth with his thoughts. Lamp embodies Mr. Ba Jin's consistent pursuit and his "lamp" complex. Compared with novels, prose is not the main content of Mr. Ba Jin's creation, but as a supplement and continuation of his novel creation, prose more clearly talks about his writing intention and attitude towards life. In The Lamp, the author creates a huge dark background, but in the dark, he has irresistible passion. The fire of enthusiasm is everywhere, and every paragraph turns into a lamp. This is a beautifully written essay with beautiful ideas, beautiful techniques and beautiful language. In the teaching process, teachers must create teaching situations, explore the background, organize students to learn and communicate, expand after class, and deeply understand the profound connotation of Ba Jin's Lamp as a symbol.

First, create a situation to awaken emotional memory.

The successful introduction of a text plays an important role in the teaching effect. The lead design of this paper should be close to students' life and aim at awakening their emotional memory. You can design two steps:

(1) Render the situation It was a cold winter night, and it was dark all around. In the snowstorm, you braved the snow and groped your way forward. What do you want to see most at the moment? Default answer: light. Follow-up: What role does lighting play? What does light energy bring to travelers groping in the dark? After naming one or two students to answer, the teacher concluded: the lamp illuminates people in the dark, brings light and brings hope to people in trouble. Continue to ask: at the moment, I don't know where you are going, but I can ask you: where do you want to go back most? Default answer: home. Name one or two students to answer why. The teacher concluded: there is a person waiting for you with a lamp at home. No matter how late it is, there is always a lamp that shines for you and warms your heart.

(B) Introduction of the topic

In life, we can't live without turning on the light. When we see "lights", our first thought is that they can guide the way and illuminate. At a deeper level, we will think of the abstract function of lamps in a certain aspect: giving people warmth, courage and hope. Mr. Ba Jin wrote an implicit and meaningful essay with the novel "Home" entitled "Lamp", so what kind of unique feeling does he have about lamps? Let's approach Mr. Ba Jin's Lamp together.

This introduction aims to guide students to initially perceive the symbolic meaning of lights through their own life and emotional experience, and lay an emotional foundation for the understanding of the text.

Second, clear your mind and discuss the symbolic meaning of lights.

For the author Ba Jin, before class, the teacher can arrange for students to check "Ba Jin Online" online. In class, the students introduced and exchanged Ba Jin's life and creation independently, and initially felt that Ba Jin was a thoughtful and enthusiastic writer. To explore the symbolic meaning of lights, we must clarify the thinking and writing background of the article. In order to achieve this teaching purpose, the following designs can be made:

(1) What lights are written in the text by self-study? According to the students' answers, the teacher gives an analysis: five lights. The first two lamps are the lamps that "I" experienced personally, but they have no intention of benefiting, not only guiding the body, but also guiding the soul; The last three lights are the lights I heard, intended to send welfare to relatives, lovers and strangers, and to convey affection, love and friendship. Not only to guide relatives, but also to guide life.

(2) Teacher-student interaction, reading the text and sorting out clues. Through the first step of autonomous learning, the teacher guides the students to give each lamp a name: the first lamp was shot from the bungalow, which we call "cottage lamp"; The second lamp is lit on a snowy night. We call it a snowy night lamp. The first Three Lamps District is a "sister lamp"; Following this line of thought, the fourth lamp is a lover's lamp; The fifth lamp is the benefactor lamp.

At this point, the teacher can prompt and reveal the characteristics of prose: these five lamps are like five shining pearls, which need a red line to run through. What is this red line? Default answer: light.

1. Teachers analyze external clues through inspiration. The preview tips tell us that this is a short article that expresses ambition by holding things, and that "light" is "things", which is an external clue of this article. Articles are all centered around "light": the author wakes up in the middle of the night and sees the light in the corridor, which is what he sees in front of him, and then recalls his experience of walking out of the maze on a snowy night. Then the author thinks that the materials such as The Legend of Harriet Island and The Story of Shiloh and leander are all written around light. If the first two materials are written about lamps that inadvertently benefit people, then The Legend of Harriet Island and The Story of Shiloh and leander are lamps for relatives and lovers, and the last story of Friends Throwing into the River is a lamp for strangers.

2. The teacher analyzes external clues. There is also an internal emotional clue in the article. What is this? Teacher's instruction: in the article, the changes of the author's thoughts and feelings run through the beginning and end, and also form a clue. Let's see what changes have taken place in the author's feelings in the first and second paragraphs. Default answer: from "choking" to "smiling". Continue to nudge: look at the middle of the article again. Are there any key words to express emotional changes? Default answer: My heart is gradually settled and my breathing is much smoother.

3. Summarize the characteristics of prose. The process of the author's emotional change is "boring-steady, idle-laughing". This is an internal emotional clue, and the interweaving of internal and external clues makes the structure of the article very compact. What characteristics does this reflect in prose? Default answer: the shape is scattered and the spirit is scattered.

(C) explore the symbolic meaning of "light"

1. Manufacturing problem. The author told the story of five lamps, and each lamp touched us. Which of these five lamps do you like best? Please choose your favorite lamp and tell us why you like it.

Students speak freely, and teachers should affirm and guide them in time in the process of answering.

Default answer:

Bungalow lamp because this kind of lamp is the most common and common. It may be ordered to wait for the return of relatives, or it may be just for the convenience of passers-by. No matter who you order for, it will bring light to all who see it and make them full of hope for the future.

Snowy night light. Because it makes a person walking on a snowy night see the light, and the light brings warmth and encouragement, so he is no longer lonely and afraid, and has the courage to move on.

Sister lights. I like the lonely lamp that my sister lights for my brother in the long night. It entrusted its deepest love and care to its elder brother to its elder sister. Although my sister didn't wait until my brother came back, she made me understand that the greatest emotion in the world is affection.

Valentine's day lights. The lamp here is not only a lamp, but also a pure girl's persistence in love, a hope beyond the storm, courage for her loved ones, and Shiloh's persistent waiting for love. On the other hand, leander would rather risk his life to swim across the English Channel just to meet his lover.

The benefactor lamp makes a desperate person see the beauty of life again, feel the warmth of the world and inspire him to live a positive and optimistic life. This lamp happened to two strangers. This lamp has multiple meanings. On one hand, it symbolizes the goodness and beauty of human nature. On the other hand, it also makes the author's friends change their attitude towards life, have confidence in life and have the determination to struggle.

2. Explore the writing background and discuss the symbolic meaning. First of all, the teacher has doubts: When was this article written by China? Default answer: War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period.

Inferring the background of the times through the writing age is in the stage of stalemate in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

The Japanese army carried out a crazy sweep of the anti-Japanese base areas (three light policies), which made the people of China panic; The Kuomintang die-hards passively fought the war of resistance and actively opposed it; Many people are confused about the future of the Anti-Japanese War. Just like the author's friends, they have lost confidence in life and completely despaired of life. So what is the author's mood? The teacher added the following information.

These days, the dark clouds over the Pacific Ocean are pressing my heart tightly. It must be a kindling. I've heard enough sighs and questions, and I've read enough terrible headlines in the newspaper. Rebellious in heart, firm and persistent in faith.

Have I ever doubted the future? Do I believe in the victory of evil forces? Am I willing to bow to the invaders? No, that's impossible. My heart is always resisting. So it burned.

"I couldn't make this heart quiet, so I found a pile of old manuscripts in the box and picked up a pen to modify it. The night outside the window is quiet, the oil in the lamp is gradually decreasing, and my feet are gradually failing. I compiled this little book on this cold winter night. " "These inappropriate fragmentary articles are permeated with a belief that is the goal that the people of the whole country strive for: the final victory of justice. So I am willing to dedicate them to readers. " After introducing this message, I continue to doubt: At this time, the whole China is in the darkest moment. What do you need in particular? Default answer: light a lamp in their hearts and inspire them to go forward bravely. Teachers move on: the author tells the world through his own words and with the help of "lamp" that there is a lamp in front of us, which illuminates the road ahead of us. The road is difficult, but the future is bright. As long as China people bravely go on, China's tomorrow will be brilliant. The author uses this to light the lamp of hope in people's hearts, express their belief in the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and inspire them to forge ahead courageously.

Now the anti-Japanese bonfire has passed away, breaking through the limitations of specific politics and times. What philosophy is contained in the lamp? Teacher's teaching: the lamp is just a concrete substance, which can guide us and illuminate us. But the bungalow lights written by Mr. Ba Jin make us feel the light and hope, and the snowy night lights give us warmth and strength. Sister lamp let us see the sincerity of family, lover lamp let us see the beauty of love, benefactor lamp let us feel the kindness of human nature. Of course, these five lights are not isolated. It is precisely because the world is full of truth, goodness and beauty that our hearts can always feel warm; Because the heart is warm, no matter what setbacks and hardships we experience, we can always see the light and hope. From this perspective, a lamp is not only a lamp, but also a concrete substance. Its meaning has been sublimated and given another meaning, namely symbolic meaning. It has become a lamp of the soul.

Abstract: The article implicitly expresses human's desire for light, firm belief and the victory of justice by symbolic means, and expresses the feeling that life needs spiritual support.

It can be said that "The Lamp" is a work that inspires people who lack confidence in the Anti-Japanese War, and it is also a work that inspires people to think about life issues.

Clarity: giving it a specific meaning and expressing specific thoughts and feelings with specific images is called symbol.

This part designs two links: one is to sort out the text, sort out the internal and external clues, reveal the characteristics of prose's informal form and condensed spirit, and learn the beauty of this article's conception; The second is to learn symbolism, experience the two functions of symbolism, bring the implicit beauty of language and stimulate association.

The key point is to reveal the symbolic meaning of light: the significance of light in the times; The universal significance of lights.

Third, learn symbolic skills.

After discussing the symbolic meaning of lamp, it is necessary to guide students to understand and use the concept and function of symbolism systematically.

(A) the concept of symbols

Symbol is a means to express some abstract concept or thoughts and feelings by means of the image of concrete things. Here, "light" is a concrete image, while hope, light, faith and true feelings are abstract concepts. In junior high school, we also learned some articles using symbolic techniques. For example, Gorky's prose poem "Haiyan", the author praises the heroic and fearless revolutionary spirit by praising Haiyan; In Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus, the author uses lotus flowers to symbolize the quality of leading an honest and clean life.

(B) the role of symbols

Throughout the ages, many writers like to use symbolism. It can make the article have implicit aesthetic feeling and stimulate people's association. Guide the students to understand the meaning of the following two sentences and realize the implicit beauty brought by symbols.

1. We don't live by eating rice alone. Teacher's instruction: Please say the symbolic meaning of the key words (not just rice) before you understand the meaning of the whole sentence.

The preset answer: "rice" symbolizes the material data necessary for people's survival. This sentence means that we can't live only for material enjoyment, but also for spiritual pursuit. People still live on "spiritual food". Let's go back to the original paragraph 1 1 and see what "spiritual food" means here. Default answer: refers to firm confidence and indomitable spirit.

In this world, the lights will never go out. Default answer: The "light" here symbolizes light, hope, warmth and true feelings. No matter what difficulties we encounter, we must firmly believe that light, hope, warmth and true feelings are eternal and will never disappear from our hearts.

Another function of symbol is to stimulate people's association. The association here, on the one hand, can inspire us to think of light, hope, warmth and true feelings from "light", on the other hand, it can also inspire us to associate the light in the article with the light outside the article. So, what highlights can you think of after reading this essay? Let the students connect with legends, poems or their own emotional experiences and say a paragraph with "I remember …".

Students discuss, speak freely and exchange feelings. Teachers broaden their thinking: Everyone's association is very rich, which sublimates the symbolic meaning of the lamp. The teacher also thought of some lights ... showing pictures: lotus lamp, Aladdin magic lamp, moth to the fire, He Dang * * * cutting western window candle, orange lamp, lamp in the teacher's window, etc.

(C) the use of symbolism

Teacher's instruction: plum blossom, with small petals, thin and strong branches, pale pink and fragrant all over. This is a flower that blooms proudly in winter. This is a flower that looks whiter in the snow. It's a flower that snowflakes can't hold. Yes, it is plum blossom. Flowers standing proudly in the winter snow.

Please write a passage by symbolic means and post it in the reading column for everyone to exchange and read. Symbolism is the focus of this paper. Appropriate expansion and application can improve students' ability to appreciate prose and deepen their understanding of symbolism.

Fourth, learn, expand, and light the heart lamp.

(1) Feeling the Spirit of Ba Jin In the darkest years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Mr. Ba Jin not only found the light with his black eyes, but also stood on the top of the mountain, holding the torch of hope and spreading the light to the hearts of thousands of China people in Qian Qian, Qian Qian.

1. Ba Jin's Sailing in the Night. Ba Jin wrote this poem "Night Flight" before 19 years old. When talking about the creation of Night Flight, he said: "I see red light shining in the distance. I don't know where the light is, but it is pulling my heart, as if someone is leading the way. " This passage shows his attitude towards life.

2. Understand the spiritual enlightenment from Ba Jin's words, portraits and China's winning speech. As a century old man, Ba Jin experienced many hardships in his life, but he said, "I have seen enough human sufferings, and I love life and light more. The blood dripping from the wound has always lit the fire of hope for me.

Showing Ba Jin's portrait, the teacher described the portrait as follows: in a fiery maple forest, Ba Lao leaned back against the recliner and had a comfortable and kind smile on his face. The background of the picture is broad, and the foreground is a large red maple leaf, like Mr. Ba's burning heart.

In 2003, Ba Lao was selected as one of the people who moved China. The winning words were: "Crossing a century, witnessing the vicissitudes of a century and depicting the great changes in history, a life is so heavy. The burning passion between his lines lit up the beacon of many souls; He walked in life sincerely and knocked on many people's hearts. His enthusiasm, anxiety and conscience, which run through words and life, will always shine in the history of literature. " Teacher: In 2005, Ba Jin, a centenarian, left us for a trip wearing his favorite red roses and symphonies. On this day, thousands of people from all over the country spontaneously went to Shanghai Longhua Funeral Home to see Ba Lao off for the last trip. The white-haired old man with crutches came, the students in school uniforms came, and the hometown people with dusty accents came ... Although they expressed their respect and nostalgia for Ba Jin in different ways, they all had the same voice-"He is our role model and he will live in our hearts forever." Walking into the online Ba Jin Memorial Hall, there is a saying: "When people leave, the lights will light up." Ba Jin, the name is almost a lighthouse, and Ba Jin's brilliant personality charm will always guide us forward.

(2) Guide students to light their hearts and establish a firm belief to show slides: Lao She: Teahouse and Camel Xiangzi; Sanmao: Sahara desert; Hemingway: The Old Man and the Sea; Kawabata Yasunari: Izu's Snow Country and Dancer; Akutagawa Ryunosuke: Rashomon.

The teacher wondered: What do these writers have in common? In the end, they all ended their lives artificially. Which sentence in the text is this? After the exchange and discussion among the students, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion: these writers have made great achievements, some have high prestige in the domestic and even world literary circles, and some have won the Nobel Prize in Literature. They are either because of the extreme emptiness of their spirit, or because of unbearable pain, or because their thoughts are irreconcilable with society ... In short, they committed suicide not because of living conditions, but because the lamp of life and the lamp of hope went out.

Continue to doubt: then how do we light the heart lamp? Play the slide show and read it by the students: Wang Wen plays Zhouyi and Zhong You writes Chunqiu; Qu Yuan's exile is a tribute to Li Sao. Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; The foot of Sun Tzu's Art of War has been revised; It's not Shu, but Lu Lan. Han Fei imprisoned Qin, expressing embarrassment, loneliness and anger; Poetry 300 ... Teacher's Passion: Students, there will always be rapids in life. What should we do if life deceives you? Lighting, which symbolizes the warmth and good friendship between human beings, symbolizes faith and hope for life. It can bring comfort to our hearts, guide our lives and even save our lives. Therefore, in our life, we must light a lamp in our hearts! The design of this step is mainly to learn from the author's persistent pursuit of ideals and guide students to establish firm beliefs when encountering setbacks. At this point, inside and outside the classroom, students' life and text reading, students' accumulation and text expansion are all integrated.