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Why is news sensitivity a reporter's unique professional ability?
Nowadays, the mainstream media-party newspaper reporters are like tigers in the zoo, accustomed to feeding and unable to survive on their own-many of their manuscripts are mandatory, and the theme, title, number of words and even the first edition are stipulated. With a little interview and editing materials, it can be pieced together. Such manuscripts lack originality and are not welcomed by readers, which eventually leads to the lack of mainstream influence and communication power, which is also a major reason why mainstream media is gradually marginalized.
Discovering news is a professional pleasure for journalists, and the process of discovery is as wonderful as enjoying food. Forced manuscript is like a gourmet facing a table of delicious food, but omitting the process of eating, and directly pouring the food into his stomach through nasal feeding, omitting the most wonderful and wonderful process. Too many forced manuscripts make reporters lose the fun of finding news. Over time, journalists will become numb and lose their news sensitivity. At the same time, it also gives journalists an illusion that it is easy to publish articles, complete tasks and be a reporter. Admittedly, it is really easy to be an ordinary and mediocre reporter who can complete the task, but if you want to write a report with great influence, you must find the news yourself, because it is often the exclusive original report that can really produce great influence. In order to find exclusive original reports that others can't find, we must have news sensitivity.
The so-called news sensitivity is the reporter's ability to judge valuable news facts quickly and accurately, and it is the inspiration generated by the collision of journalists' literacy, knowledge and accumulated news practice experience with real news facts. In the face of the same event and a common concern, everyone's visual differences may be small, but their feelings can be very different. Whether there is news sensitivity or not, the reports written may be very different.
In the early 1980s, there was a big flood in Yunnan, and a group of local journalists were organized to cover the disaster area. In the disaster area, the visual difference of the disaster seen by the reporter is very small, but the manuscript sent out is very different: after the manuscript was published in the newspaper, Wang Maoxiu, a reporter of Guangming Daily in Yunnan, had the greatest influence. He found a major theme from the harm caused by the flood: the destruction of the environment and ecology by human beings is the main cause of the flood. At that time, few people in China paid attention to ecological problems. Wang Maoxiu has a unique eye, and reported the disaster from the ecological perspective for the first time, which aroused strong repercussions.
Aesthetically speaking, there is no shortage of beauty in life, but discovery. Similarly, what is lacking in life is not news but discovery. In other words, reporters saw, heard and experienced it, but it doesn't mean that many good news were delivered by journalists who are not sensitive to news. Journalists with strong news sensitivity can see greatness from the ordinary, uniqueness from the ordinary and real gold from the sand.
With news sensitivity, life is full of news. Fan Jingyi, the former editor-in-chief of People's Daily, once went to the countryside and lived in the office of the commune. Nothing happened tonight. However, Fan Jingyi sensitively discovered the important news behind the fact that "nothing happened" and wrote a famous news article: "The cadres of two sub-communes slept soundly at night, with no telephone and no one blocking the door".
On the contrary, the lack of news sensitivity omits important news: Taylor, a journalist from The New York Times, once interviewed the first performance of a famous actor when he was a journalist. After he went, he learned that the performance had been cancelled. Since he stopped performing, he also went back to sleep. The next day, many newspapers reported an important news on important pages: the famous actress committed suicide. Taylor missed a big story.
News sensitivity is the most important professional accomplishment of journalists, even their professional life. A foreign reporter said, "I can smell the news from a mile away." At present, some journalists can't "smell" the news under their noses.
News sensitivity is not innate, but can be cultivated. How can I make myself more sensitive to news? I think I can accumulate knowledge, ideas and news clues.
Knowledge accumulation includes political knowledge, culture, science and technology. A party newspaper reporter is sensitive to news, first of all, political. The so-called "understanding both sides" means understanding the upper and lower levels-understanding the upper level: being familiar with the central tasks of the party's principles, policies and propaganda at all stages, so as to have the overall situation in mind; Understand social conditions and public opinion. Only by thoroughly understanding both ends and having the overall situation in mind can we have political sensitivity.
The professional feature of journalists is that they need extensive knowledge. For party newspaper reporters, besides political knowledge, other knowledge is also very important. In the era of knowledge explosion, it is even more necessary to establish the concept of lifelong learning, constantly learn and accept the latest knowledge, and extensive knowledge accumulation can make them sensitive.
For example, Zhang Xiaodi, a reporter from Guangming Daily, once met a scholar at the airport pushing a huge suitcase to board the plane. The more he looked at it, the more he felt that this man looked like Yang Zhenning seen on TV. But how can a world-class celebrity like Yang Zhenning travel alone without company? They sat in the same row after boarding the plane. But I still dare not say hello to him rashly. After the plane took off, he saw the man bow his head and pray silently with his hands folded, and remembered a detail in Yang Zhenning's biography: whenever something happened, he would pray with his hands folded. Zhang Xiaodi immediately realized sensitively that the good news was coming. He immediately called "Professor Yang Zhenning" and they chatted. Because of this encounter, Zhang Xiaodi sent the news of winning the prize.
For journalists, the accumulation of ideas is particularly important. Journalists should pay attention to social hotspots, doubts and difficulties. They usually have a few questions in their minds and have been thinking about them. These ideas are like brewing wine. The longer they are brewed, the deeper and more thorough they are, and the more they can stimulate news sensitivity. When the question of thinking comes across a realistic theme, sparks will immediately splash out in my mind, giving me inspiration, which can achieve the effect of "looking for him in the crowd for thousands of Baidu, suddenly looking back, but that person is in the dim light". For example, in the 1990s, there was a resounding slogan in Zhejiang: "The best building is the school", but in order to pursue "the best", many places blindly built luxury school buildings regardless of the economic situation, and a school gate cost millions. Even when the middle school building was being built, some leaders suggested that "2 1 floor should be built in the century". This phenomenon caught my attention, and I chatted with an education expert about this topic. He thought that these luxurious school buildings were "gold-plated tractors". How could they get on the expressway? I later published an exclusive report in Guangming Daily: "Schools can't make" gilded tractors ",and then published a full page in China Education News.
News sensitivity also needs the accumulation of news clues and materials. I am a stupid person, relying on stupid methods. In order to accumulate news clues and materials, I set up a classified news clue information base, which can send messages, which can send newsletters, which can send headlines in-depth reports, and record them one by one. Computers provide convenient conditions for the accumulation of materials. When a clue is found, a folder will be established, and all the materials related to this clue will be in this folder in the future. Once you have the clue, you don't have to rush to write. You often think about it, and often there will be a beginning, an end and even a wonderful sentence popping up in your mind. Don't be lazy at this time, write it down quickly, writing can often be used.
For example, I prefer to write about people, so I set up a folder about clues about people. For example, the interview with Liu Kefeng, director of the Mathematics Center of Zhejiang University, was caused by a joke I heard at the dinner table: "Liu Kefeng liked mathematics from the beginning of pursuing female classmates". It is said that when Liu Kefeng was in middle school, he was still a naughty poor student. A female classmate did very well in math. He started to learn fly's math with me, and then his grades went up, and his female classmates caught up with him ... When I heard this, my mind began to get hot. Good topic! Write down this detail immediately, and set up a folder for Liu Kefeng to be included in my database of alternative news information.
Liu Kefeng is a young mathematician who has solved many mathematical problems in the world. Later, I contacted him many times in Zhejiang University and found that he likes playing table tennis very much, almost to the professional level. When these two details focus on one person, I immediately think of Chen Jingrun: he only knows mathematics, but he doesn't know life. As he walked, he thought that when he met a tree, he would ask who hit him. He is a typical bookworm. Liu Ke learned to play at the summit, which is completely different from Chen Jingrun. This comparison, the idea immediately came out: "Liu Kefeng: An Alternative Mathematician", but by this time, I haven't written about his impulse, and I still need to wait for the opportunity.
Two years later, the opportunity came. In 2006, Professor Zhu Xiping of Sun Yat-sen University solved the world mathematical problem of Poincare conjecture, and the newspaper asked me for an interview. In the interview of Pursuing Zhu Xiping's Misfortune, I interviewed Liu Kefeng who is familiar with Zhu Xiping from the periphery. After talking about Zhu Xiping that day, Liu Kefeng talked about his own experience. The more he talks about it, the more excited I am. I think the time is ripe to complete Liu Kefeng as a typical figure. Finally, Zhu Xiping didn't get an interview, but Liu Kefeng's interview was unexpectedly completed. On my way home, I had the urge to write. Some sentences and words began to pop up in my mind, and I knew I had entered the writing state. I wrote more than 4,000 words that night, and completed more than 8,000 words of character exchange the next day, and sent a whole page.
A good reporter should have a good nose and be able to "smell news from a mile away". Only by constantly training your news sense of smell and making yourself sensitive can you find news and fully enjoy the fun of discovery.
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