How to achieve the perfect combination of "acting" and "speaking"?

Simply put, a speech is a rational and systematic speech to the audience on a certain issue. For example, a speech at a housewarming banquet can be called a speech. Literally, it is not difficult to see that speech is a combination of "acting" and "speaking". It cannot be simply understood as the simple addition of "acting" and "speaking". This is an excellent product of organic combination of the two. If properly combined, it will definitely make the speech convey more powerful appeal. Among them, we should pay special attention to the primary and secondary relationship and combination of the two. Generally speaking, the "performance" in the art of speech is to perform for speech, not for performance, but mainly for speech. Supplemented by acting. "Acting" and "speaking" are both means to express inner thoughts and opinions. However, in practice, there are also many cases where the priority is reversed and the cart before the horse is put. For example, the speaker used exaggerated gestures and even used many props to demonstrate the content of the speech. Such a speech seems to be a personal play. In this way, the language advantage and personal charm of the speech itself are out of the question.

However, to understand speech as a kind of language art and personal expression art, we need to have a systematic understanding of the basic structure and processing skills of speech first. The following systematic introduction from this angle will have an impact on your lifestyle and life path. This is a test and challenge to your personal charm.

1. Definition and classification of speeches

Judging from the general law of human cognition, we are used to giving a definition first, and then dissecting a thing layer by layer from appearance to essence like peeling onions. As a kind of rich content, pronunciation can also be applied.

From the epistemological point of view, speech is a social communication activity to communicate and spread emotions and information through spoken words and the corresponding expressions and actions of the speaker with specific significance. Finally, it helps to achieve the purpose of emotional communication and information exchange with the audience. Articles and speeches can be described as "lips" and "teeth". Compared with the article, the article makes the words lie on the paper, so that readers can understand the author's thoughts, feelings and reasons; The speech is to let the words stand in front of the audience through the speaker's expression, language and posture, and let people observe the speaker's thoughts, feelings and reasons. With a general understanding of the speech, we can further understand the speech from its basic structure. Have a systematic understanding of speeches. According to different standards, speeches can be divided into different categories. The most common types are as follows:

First, according to the content, there are political speeches, academic speeches, litigation speeches, social life speeches and religious speeches:

Secondly, by location, there are assembly speeches, radio speeches, parliamentary speeches, classroom speeches, battlefield speeches, banquet speeches, church speeches, and so on;

Thirdly, there are passionate speech, in-depth speech, rigorous speech and vivid speech according to the way.

In addition, George Baerbel, a famous speaker in the18th century, divided his speeches into entertaining speeches, instructive speeches, persuasive speeches and encouraging speeches according to the speaker's intention and purpose.

(1) Entertainment speech. This is a speech, whose main function is to enliven the atmosphere, adjust the mood and make people happy. Mostly humor, jokes or teasing, usually appearing on festive occasions. It is characterized by material humor and language humor, mainly to entertain the audience. Generally, it consists of a series of jokes around a central issue, and the formal content is only mentioned occasionally, appearing on young people's Pany. This kind of speech has a high probability, and the entertainment atmosphere can make it produce unexpected effects.

(2) Teaching speech. This kind of speech refers to the speaker's speech on a certain topic, professional knowledge and knowledge. Generally speaking, it refers to special lectures in schools and other occasions. It must have three elements: scientific content, rigorous argumentation and accurate language. This is a big difference from other types of speeches. Its purpose is to explain or introduce some knowledge, not to defend some specific views. For example, a speech at an experience exchange meeting or an academic exchange meeting and so on.

(3) Persuasive speech. This refers to the speaker's speech on various problems, customs and phenomena existing in social life, expressing the speaker's views, opinions and viewpoints on these issues. This kind of speech requirements; When the audience is opposed or indifferent to a problem, the speaker should use emotional charm and logical power to convince the audience to change their minds. The campaign speech is a typical persuasive speech.

(4) Encouraging speech. Its purpose is to inspire people to take concerted action and do something meaningful for their beliefs and goals.

2. Speech structure

High-rise buildings are all piled up brick by brick, and its mechanism determines its structural style, bearing coefficient and other entities. Speech, like architecture, needs to build its own style step by step from the most basic structure. The content of the speech includes three parts: the beginning, the text and the end. Because the speech is a live performance speech, it is spatial and timely, and has its own characteristics compared with general articles.

First of all, the beginning should be attractive. The prologue has two tasks: one is to arouse the resonance between the speaker and the listener, that is, to promote the consistency of thoughts and emotions between the speaker and the listener; The second is to open the scene and introduce the topic, that is, cut to the chase and attract the attention of the audience. At the beginning of a speech, it is generally necessary to choose an appropriate statement that is enlightening, educational and inspiring to the target audience. Be sure to guide the audience's thoughts to the topic quickly.

Secondly. The body part must be developed according to the specific situation of the topic. When the purpose of the speech is to explain a truth, it should be fully demonstrated here; The purpose is to introduce things and then explain the details here. As the middle part of the article, it not only requires complete and rigorous structure, distinct levels, prominent center and fluent language, but also requires logic in reasoning, argumentation, refutation, explanation and narration, which is conducive to the logical order of moving from emotion to reason.

Finally, the ending must impress the audience. It is best for a speech to come to an abrupt end when the audience is most interested. This is the most effective way to end the speech. When the speech reached its climax, the audience's attention and emotions were at their best. The end of the speech at this time left a particularly deep impression on the audience. At the end, there is a tendency to further narrow the distance between the speaker and the audience, so the conclusion is obvious and enlightening.

3. Opening remarks of the speech

The most taboo speech is anticlimactic or has no ending. Therefore, we must pay attention to the connection and echo relationship between the beginning and the end of the speech, and we must prepare a framework for the beginning and the end of a whole system in advance.

The beginning of a speech, also known as prologue, has no fixed pattern, but the decisive significance of prologue is to make the speaker give the audience a good "first impression". That is to say, opening the audience's heart through the opening remarks of hit floor to make it more acceptable, and then continuing to speak, can also be regarded as the paving effect. The prologue has two functions: one is to establish empathy between the speaker and the listener; The second is to open the scene and introduce the topic. People often use the following methods.

(1) Start with a famous aphorism, pay attention to being concise and philosophical, and start with it, which can make the audience deeply inspired and thought-provoking. However, it should be noted that the quoted famous aphorisms must conform to the overall tone of the speech, conform to the times, and not be extreme or unpleasant.

(2) Give play to the charm of humor, enliven the atmosphere and attract the attention of the audience. Humor and jokes can often explain a truth and make the audience laugh and have endless aftertaste. Combining with the content of the speech, using jokes and humor appropriately and skillfully at the beginning can achieve fascinating results.

(3) Grasping the curiosity of the audience and telling some new things and anecdotes at the beginning can often arouse the curiosity of the audience. Attract the attention of the audience, then expand and go straight to the subject, which can also achieve the effect of surprise.

(4) From the perspective of humanization, starting with caring for warm words and starting with the issues that the audience is most concerned about, it can arouse the interest of the audience and the * * * sound of the audience, compress the psychological distance between the speaker and the audience, and then follow the trend and lead to the topic of the speech.

(5) Make full use of the charm of praise to arouse the audience's voice. Anyone can easily accept something sweet. Say a few words that make the audience feel comfortable, and sometimes you can get strange results, but don't overdo it. Then naturally get to the point.

4. The end of the speech

The relationship between head and tail is similar to that between hands and feet. A person who loses any part of his limbs is incomplete and imperfect. The same is true of speeches. It's hard to say who is lighter at the beginning and who is heavier at the end. The relationship is really clear at a glance, interdependent and echoing each other. Generally speaking, a good way to start a speech can arouse the interest and attention of the audience, while a successful way to end a speech can leave an unforgettable impression on the audience. Several common beginnings have been introduced above. Now let's see how to end them. Let's sort of finish what we started.

(1) ends with impassioned compliments, and people generally like to listen to compliments. Ending a speech with praise can make the relationship between the speaker and the audience more harmonious, arouse the audience's * * *, and push the speech atmosphere to a new climax. But praise should not be excessive. The speaker should have a natural expression, a serious attitude and a sincere tone.

(2) Drawing lessons from the popular discourse endings of celebrity speeches, celebrities' words are authoritative and famous words are more convincing. Proper use of the words or famous sayings of authoritative celebrities can leave a deeper impression on the audience. It can also provide strong proof for the speaker's point of view. However, it should be noted that the quotation must be appropriate and deepen the theme of the speech.

(3) Use China's unique five-character seven-law, and use the word tag to make a conclusion. Ending a speech with poetry can make the speech elegant and charming, make the audience feel fresh and beautiful, and enhance the effect of the speech. However, it should be noted that the poems quoted by the speaker should be short, not too long, and the speaker should be able to correctly grasp the meaning of the poems, so that the quoted poems can truly serve the theme of the speech.

(4) The slogan mobilization ends. By using the same thoughts, the same wishes, the same interests and the same language, the speaker made his views recognized by the audience, and the speech reached a certain climax. Then, the speaker pointed out the goals and steps of the action to the audience with passionate and touching words and appealed to the audience.