Jujubes are good for nourishing blood, but how many jujubes should be eaten a day?

Jujube Catalog[Hide]

Nutritional Analysis

Related Populations

Food Compatibility

Production Instructions

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Therapeutic effects

Other related

Remarks

Interpretation of mission of jujube industry:

Nutritional analysis of book information

Related Groups

Food Compatibility

Production Instructions

Therapeutic Effects

Other Related

Remarks

Interpretation of mission of jujube industry:

Book information

1. Plant introduction:

Scientific name: Zizyphus jujuba

English name: jujube or Chinese date (date is the English name for date palm).

Classification: Class Dicotyledons, Rhamnaceae.

Also known as red dates, beautiful dates, and good dates.

Jujube is the mature fruit of the jujube tree, a deciduous shrub or small tree of the family Rhamnaceae. Jujube trees are cultivated in a wide range of areas in my country, reaching Jinzhou and Beizhen in Liaoning in the north, with Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Anhui and Zhejiang producing the most.

The famous varieties include golden jujube, which has small fruit and high sugar content. It is produced in Leling, Shandong, Cangxian, Hebei, Miyun, Beijing and other places. There are also Jin Zao, also known as "Diao Zao", mainly produced in Bin County, Shaanxi Province. The fruit is large, weighing 30 to 40 grams, oblong, with thin skin, thick flesh, small core, sweet taste, and matures in late September. The Sihong jujube from Sihong, Jiangsu Province, has been demonstrated by experts from Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Forestry and the China Jujube Research Institute. Among the more than 700 known jujube varieties in the country, Sihong jujube has the largest fruit size. This variety is immune to jujube disease and has better resistance to fruit shrinkage and anthracnose than other varieties.

Jujube has been listed as one of the "five fruits" (peach, plum, plum, apricot, and jujube) since ancient times and has a long history. The most outstanding feature of jujube is its high vitamin content. A clinical study abroad showed that patients who continued to eat jujubes recovered more than three times faster than those who simply took vitamins. Therefore, jujube has the reputation of "natural vitamin pill".

"Ci Hai Zao Bu" writes: "Jujube, the name of the fruit tree, belongs to the Prunus family and is a deciduous tree with upright or hook-like thorns. The leaves are long and oval, with a broad and skewed base and three veins. . The stipules are spiny and persist on the branches. The cymes are born in the leaf axils. The flowers are small and yellow-green, with flower discs. The drupe is oblong, yellow when fresh, and purple-red when mature. etc. Breeding. Originated in my country, there are many varieties in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi and other places, such as Shandong Leling's 'Jinsi Xiaozao', Hebei Cangxian and Shandong Qingyun's 'Seedless Zao'. And Zhejiang's 'Yiwu Jujube' etc. The fruit is edible and used as medicine, and the wood is hard and can be used for carving or making cars, boats and furniture."

Classification of Jujube Varieties

(1) According to the region, the average annual temperature is 15 degrees isotherm as the boundary, and it is divided into two ecological types: southern jujube and northern jujube.

(2) According to fruit size and fruit shape ① According to fruit size, it is divided into two categories: jujube and small jujube. Big jujubes such as Lingbao jujube, gray jujube, Zanhuang jujube, Fuping jujube, etc.; small jujubes such as golden jujube, seedless jujube, chicken heart candied jujube, etc. ② Fruit size and fruit shape are combined into 6 categories. Small jujube type, such as Jinsi jujube, seedless jujube, chicken heart candied jujube, Miyun jujube, etc.; long jujube type, such as Langzao, Hupingzao, Junzao, Zanhuang long jujube, Guanyang Changhong, etc.; round jujube type. Jujube type, such as Zanhuang round jujube, Yuanling jujube, Xude round jujube, etc.; oblate type, such as winter jujube, flower red jujube, etc.; constricted jujube, such as goat milk jujube, gourd jujube, Mopan jujube, etc.; long-calyx jujube, Such as persimmon top jujube, five-flowered jujube, etc.

(3) Classification by use This is the most commonly used classification method: ① Dried varieties. It is characterized by thick meat, less juice, high sugar content and drying rate. Such as Jinsi Xiaozao, Zanhuang Dazao, Po Zao, Lingbao Dazao, Lang Zao, Xiang Zao, etc. ②Fresh food varieties. It is characterized by thin skin, tender and crispy meat, juicy and sweet taste. Such as winter jujube, Linyi pear jujube, Dabai bell, honey jar, etc. ③Multi-purpose varieties.

It can be eaten fresh or dried or processed into candied dates and other products. Such as Mingshan jujube, Jun jujube, gray jujube, Jin jujube, Huping jujube, Banzao, etc. ④ Candied date varieties. It is characterized by large and neat fruits, thick and loose flesh, less juice, thin skin, low sugar content, large cell cavities, and easy absorption of sugar juice. Such as Yiwu jujube, Xuanchengjian (round) jujube, Guanyang long jujube, etc.

Origin Distribution

Originated in my country, it was already abundant in Yannan and Weibei as early as the Warring States Period, and has been cultivated in most parts of the country since then.

Form Characteristics

Deciduous tree with small branches bent in a zigzag shape. There are long branches (jujube heads) and short branches (jujube strands), and the long branches are zigzag-shaped. The leaves are oblong and ovate in shape, with slightly pointed or blunt apex and skewed base. The flowers are small, yellow-green, and 8-9 are clustered in the leaf axils of abscission branches (Zoozao), forming cymes. The drupe is oblong, dark red. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is from September to October. The leaves are alternate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, with serrated margins and 3 veins at the base; the stipules are spinous, with long straight spines and short hooked spines. Axillary cymes; flowers small, yellow-green; sepals 5, larger; petals 5, strip-shaped; stamens 5, opposite to the petals; carpels 2, connate, ovary superior, 2 cells, 1 ovule in each cell. The drupe is oblong with pointed ends at both ends. Usually only one seed develops. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is in September. A specialty product of our country, it is mainly produced in the alluvial plains of the Yellow River Basin and is cultivated throughout the country. It is the main fruit tree and woody food tree species in my country.

Growth habit

Positive tree species in warm temperate zones. Like light, good dry climate. Cold-tolerant, heat-tolerant, drought and flood-tolerant. The soil requirements are not strict. In addition to swamps and heavily alkaline soil, it can grow in plains, sandy lands, valleys, and mountains. The adaptability range to pH is between pH5.5-8.5. Fertile slightly alkaline or medium soil can be used. Grows best in sandy loam soil. The root system is well developed and the tillering power is strong. Resistant to smoke. Not resistant to water mist.

Garden uses

Jujube branches have strong stems, green leaves drooping, and numerous red fruits. It is suitable for scattered planting or planting in patches in gardens and roadsides. It is also a good tree species for combined production. Its old roots and trunks can be used as tree stumps for bonsai. The fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into foods such as red dates, black dates, and candied dates. The fruits and roots are also used for medicinal purposes.

Beekeeping purposes

Jujube trees begin to bloom in late May or early June, with a flowering period of 25 to 30 days. They are high-temperature nectar-secreting plants, and the optimum temperature for nectar secretion is 25 to 30 days. 33℃. Jujube saplings bloom less, and 10-year-old trees begin to bloom. Trees aged 20 to 50 years have dense flowers and a large amount of nectar secretion. In a normal year, each swarm of bees can produce 10-25kg of honey.

Propagation and cultivation

Propagation mainly involves division and grafting, and some varieties can also be sown.

It has a cultivation history of two thousand years. The fruit is sweet and rich in vitamin C. It can be eaten raw, candied and preserved, and used to make wine. The fruit can be used as medicine to nourish the spleen and stomach, moisten the heart and lungs, and replenish qi and nourish the body. The wood is hard and dense and is used for making utensils and carvings. It has a long flowering period and is an excellent nectar tree.

2. Detailed explanation of Chinese characters:

Zao zǎoChinese date; knowing. From Shuanghao (cì).濿, wood awn. Date trees are thorny. Original meaning: jujube tree

Jujube, also known as sheep jujube. ——"Shuowen"

There are eleven names of jujube, and one of them is sheep jujube. ——"Erya"

Date flowers fall from clothes and towels. ——Su Shi of the Song Dynasty, "Huanxi Sha"

The fruits of jujube trees [date]

Peel jujubes in August and harvest rice in October. ——"Poetry·Binfeng·July"

Pear, chestnut, jujube and persimmon.

――Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty, "Exercise thrift and show health"

Another example: jujube core (the core of jujube); jujube vegetable (jujube and vegetables); jujube preserved (dried fruit made from jujube); jujube Hazel (dates and hazelnuts); date fruit (dates); date vegetables (dates and vegetables)

Zheng code: FLTD, U: 67A3, GBK: D4E6

Number of strokes: 8 , Radical: wood, stroke number: 12523444

3.

Zao

(Jujube)

zǎo

ㄗㄠˇ

Deciduous shrubs or trees with thorny branches, oval leaves, and small yellow flowers. The drupe is called "Jujube" or "Jujube", oval, red when ripe, and edible: ~Red. ~ Mud. Swallowed in one piece ~ (a metaphor for reading, etc. and accepting it in general without analysis and discrimination).

Zheng code: FLTD, U: 67A3, GBK: D4E6

Number of strokes: 8, radical: wood, stroke order number: 12523444

Ancient Chinese dates Tree

The legend of the General Tree in Qingyun County

Author: Li Baokun, a member of the 93rd Society

The General Tree is the Tang jujube tree in Qingyun County. There are countless legends about this old jujube tree in the south of Zhoujia Village, Zhangxiang Township, Yunzhen, on the south bank of the Lijin River in Xinhe, Zhangwei. Lu Yuanpei, who served as the magistrate of Qingyun County in the first year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem praising this tree. The strange tree "Half an acre of clear shade overlooks the blue river, and the vicissitudes of life have gone through to the sky. The branches embrace the wind and clouds, and they are pure and dry, and they would rather say goodbye to the ice and snow. The noble scholars have built their houses and their faces are Xiaoariao, and the generals sit and hang around. After chatting with each other, they will know that the basket is full, and they will never be forgotten. "The first chapter of Sheng Nanhua." The description of the old jujube tree in this poem can be seen that if it lasts for a thousand years, it can provide shade and coolness for half an acre. General Luo Cheng and these heroes of Wagang Mountain went through life and death in and out of Qingyun for the sake of the Tang Dynasty. Every time they came, they tied their horses and sat on the ground to rest. It also discussed major military matters and became an outdoor place for generals to discuss and rest in Wagang Mountain. Therefore, the local people at that time had three names. One is the general tree; second, some people also call this tree the general meeting hall of Wagang Mountain. ; Third, because General Luo Cheng once tied his horse here, it is also called Luo Cheng's horse-tying post.

General Luo Cheng had a special liking for this tree and kept going back and forth. In the hot season, the war horses could take a rest when they saw the old tree, and they would chirp happily when they saw the old tree. When the dates are ripe, you can pick baskets of red dates that look like red pearls. As we all know, General Luo Cheng was the founding general of the Tang Dynasty. When he passed Qingyun back and forth, the Tang Dynasty had not yet been established. The Sui Dynasty was founded in 581 AD and destroyed in 618 AD. It has been 1391 years since the Sui Dynasty was overthrown. It only existed for 37 years in history. General Luo Cheng wanted to choose a tree where he could rest in the shade and where his horses could be tied. This shows how big this tree is. His horse was no ordinary horse, it was a BMW horse with a fierce temper that was loved by everyone among millions of soldiers. At that time, this ancient tree was at least two hundred years old. According to the poem written by Lu Zhixian in the "Qingyun County Chronicle" in the fourth year of Xianfeng County in the Qing Dynasty, it is speculated that this ancient jujube tree was planted at least between 479 and 502 AD in the Qi Dynasty of the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Why is a jujube tree so old called What about Tang Zao?

There is a story circulated among the people in Qingyun. General Luo Cheng often tied his horse under this tree to rest. One year, he rested under the old jujube tree again, around August 15th. This tree was full of fruits. General Luo Cheng was hungry and picked jujubes to satisfy his hunger. The dates are sweeter than honey, and he also has a heavy responsibility this time. General Luo Cheng wants to represent the heroes of Wagangzhai to meet with Tang Guogong Li Yuan to discuss cooperation to overthrow the corrupt Sui Dynasty. The general came in a hurry without bringing any gifts. After eating the sweet dates, General Luo took out some silver taels and gave them to the owner of the tree. He bought the red dates from the tree as a gift and went to meet Duke Li Yuan of the Tang Dynasty. The owner of the tree said he didn't want General Luo's silver taels, so he gave the general a bottle of red dates. General Luo thanked the fellow villagers for his ration bag and hurried on, traveling day and night to Li Yuan's camp. When General Luo saw Li Yuan, he presented the gift of red dates. After Li Yuan took it, he asked: "What is General Luo offering?" Luo Cheng replied: "The king of Tang Dynasty is the most precious fruit and sugar date in the world.

"Li Yuan couldn't help but nod after eating several times. Li Yuan then tasted the jujube reward points brought by General Luo Cheng to Li Shimin and his generals. The generals headed by Li Shimin said loudly in unison: "It's so sweet, it's really sugary dates. ! "After this cooperation negotiation with Zao as the mediator, we reached the consensus to overthrow the Sui Dynasty. And one victory after another, the Sui Dynasty was quickly overthrown.

Li Yuan and the group When the ministers were discussing the name of the country to be used for the founding of the country, Li Shimin came out and said: "My father wanted to use the character Tang as the country's name for two reasons. One is that my father is the Duke of Tang Dynasty, and the other is that General Luo Cheng used sugar dates as a matchmaker to make us We have reached mutual understanding with the heroes of Wagangzhai. Except for Shan Xiongxin, the heroes of Wagangzhai have all surrendered to us. They are all loyal generals. General Luo Cheng sacrificed his life to overthrow the Sui Dynasty. We must commemorate him from generation to generation. What is the father’s intention for Tang Zao’s alliance? Li Yuan was overjoyed: "It makes perfect sense." "The legend of the emergence of the Tang Dynasty and Qingyun ancient dates has been passed down from generation to generation. Tang dates and Tang dates have spread throughout the land of China and every corner of the earth.

It is said that during the Ming Dynasty, When the King of Yan swept north, many local people took shelter under the jujube tree. Suddenly a heavy fog filled the air, and everyone was able to escape. Therefore, the local people also called the jujube tree a sacred tree. In 1989, the Qingyun County Party Committee and County Government. A stele was erected on the Tang Zao tree. The word "Tang Zao" on the top of the stele was written by the famous calligrapher Mr. Jiang Weisong. The seal script is elegant, powerful and graceful. The inscription on the bottom of the stele was written by Mr. Zong Weicheng, a 76-year-old professor at the Shandong Art Institute at that time. The regular script of "Yu" is full of meaning and straightness.

Although this general tree has gone through wind and rain for more than 1,600 years, it is still luxuriant and leafy. It is the oldest existing jujube tree in China. It has been included in the "Dictionary of Chinese Scenic Spots". Although the Tang jujube tree has experienced vicissitudes of life and suffered repeated wars, it still has strong roots and lush leaves. Its trunk is like a carved dragon or phoenix. It is vigorous and elegant. The trunk is hollow and can accommodate people every year. More than 100 kilograms of jujubes were harvested. There are many ancient jujube trees that are five hundred years old around the general tree. Therefore, the Tang Zao Ecological Sightseeing Park was built. In 2008, the tourist park was rated as a provincial ecological sightseeing and agricultural tourism demonstration site. Now she Under the protection of the government, tourists who come to Qingyun linger under the General Tree and many take photos with it.

[Edit this paragraph] Nutritional Analysis

1. .Jujubes can improve human immunity and inhibit cancer cells: pharmacological studies have found that red dates can promote the production of white blood cells, lower serum cholesterol, increase serum albumin, and protect the liver. Red dates also contain substances that inhibit cancer cells and can even cause cancer cells to Substances transformed into normal cells;

2. People who regularly eat fresh dates rarely suffer from gallstones. This is because the rich vitamin C in fresh dates turns excess cholesterol in the body into bile acids and cholesterol. If there is less, the probability of stone formation will also decrease;

3. Jujube is rich in calcium and iron, which play an important role in preventing and treating osteoporosis and anemia. Middle-aged and elderly people often suffer from bone loss during menopause. Adolescents and women who are loose and at the peak of growth and development are prone to anemia. Jujube has a very ideal therapeutic effect on them, and its effect is usually unmatched by drugs;

4. For those who are physically weak after illness People also have a good nourishing effect;

5. The rutin contained in dates is a substance that softens blood vessels and lowers blood pressure, and has a preventive and therapeutic effect on hypertension;

6. Jujube can also fight allergies, eliminate fishy odors, calm the mind, strengthen the brain, and enhance appetite.

[Edit this paragraph] Related groups

General population. Both can be eaten

[Edit this paragraph] Foods are incompatible with each other

Dates should not be eaten with seafood

[Edit this paragraph] Production instructions

1. Jujube skin is rich in nutrients and should be cooked with the skin when stewing;

2. Decoction of red dates with fresh celery root has a certain effect on lowering blood lipids and cholesterol.

[Edit this paragraph] Dietary effects

Jujube is sweet in taste and neutral in nature, and enters the spleen and stomach meridians;

It can nourish the spleen and stomach, nourish yin and blood, nourish It has the effect of calming the mind and alleviating the properties of medicine;

It is used to treat less food and diarrhea caused by spleen deficiency, and women's Zangzang syndrome caused by yin and blood deficiency. People who are physically weak after illness can also benefit from eating jujube. Good nourishing effect.

Jujube has always been a good health product that replenishes qi, nourishes blood, and calms the mind. It is very beneficial to patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insomnia, anemia, etc.

Jujube pulp is thick, delicious and sweet, and rich in protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. Therefore, jujube has always been a good health product for replenishing qi, nourishing blood and calming the mind. It is beneficial for patients with blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, insomnia, anemia, etc. Jujube is not only a good product for health care, but also a good product for skin care and beauty.

1. Prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Jujube is rich in vitamin C and vitamin P, which are very useful for improving capillaries, maintaining the elasticity of blood vessel walls, and fighting atherosclerosis. Jujube contains cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which can dilate blood vessels, increase myocardial contractility, and improve myocardial nutrition, so it can prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.

2. Anti-tumor -

Jujube contains triterpenoids that can fight cancer and cyclic-adenosine monophosphate that transforms cancer cells into normal cells.

3. Anti-allergy -

Eat 15-25 jujubes raw or cooked three times a day to treat allergic purpura. This is also because when the human body consumes a sufficient amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, the content of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in immune cells also increases, which inhibits the immune response and achieves an anti-allergic effect.

4. Detoxify and protect the liver -

Jujube is rich in sugars, vitamin C and cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which can reduce the damage to the liver caused by various chemical drugs. It also promotes protein synthesis and increases total serum protein content. Clinically, jujube can be used as an auxiliary treatment for chronic hepatitis and early cirrhosis.

5. Nourishing blood and beautifying the skin——

Eating jujubes three times a day, 10 pieces each time, has the effect of nourishing the blood and beautifying the skin. The effect is better if you eat jujube with white fungus stew or porridge. This is also because jujube is rich in vitamins, iron and other minerals, which can promote hematopoiesis, prevent and treat anemia, and make the skin rosy. In addition, the rich vitamin C, P and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in jujube can promote the metabolism of skin cells, make the skin white and delicate, prevent pigmentation, and achieve skin care and beauty effects.

In addition, eating jujube can control and tonify women’s menopausal hot flashes, sweating and emotional instability. In addition, jujube has the effect of enhancing human endurance and anti-fatigue. No wonder Chinese people have always regarded jujube as a good product for replenishing qi and keeping fit.

6. Enhance human immunity——

Jujube contains a large amount of sugars, mainly glucose, but also fructose, sucrose, and oligomers composed of glucose and fructose. sugar, arabinan, galactaldehyde, etc.; and contains a large amount of vitamin C, riboflavin, thiamine, carotene, niacin and other vitamins, which has a strong nutritional effect and can improve human immune function. , enhance disease resistance.

7. Enhance muscle strength and increase body weight——

Experimental mice were fed jujube decoction every day for 3 weeks. The weight gain was significantly higher than that of the control group. , and in the swimming test, the swimming time was significantly longer than that of the control group, which shows that jujube has the effect of enhancing muscle strength and increasing body weight.

8. Protect the liver -

Experiments have confirmed that rabbits with liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride were fed jujube decoction every day for 1 week. Serum total protein and albumin were significantly increased compared with the control group, indicating that jujube has hepatoprotective effects.

9. Sedation and tranquility——

The flavonoid-bis-glucoside A contained in jujube has sedative, hypnotic and antihypertensive effects, among which the isolated grapefruit peptide C glycosides have a central inhibitory effect, that is, reducing spontaneous movements, stimulating reflexes, and tonic and stupor effects. Therefore, jujube has the effect of calming and sedating.

10. Anti-cancer, anti-mutation——

Jujube contains a variety of three types of compounds, among which pyrosinic acid and behenic acid have been found to have anti-cancer activity and are effective against sarcomas. S-180 has an inhibitory effect. The nutrients contained in dates can enhance the body's immune function and have certain effects on preventing and fighting cancer and maintaining the function of the human body's internal organs.

[Edit this paragraph] Other related

Jujube is native to China. It has been cultivated in my country for a long time, and the history of eating jujube is also long. "The Book of Songs" has recorded "peeling dates in August". "Book of Rites" says "Jujube and sweet honey are used for sweetening"; it is also used in the preparation of dishes. "Warring States Policy" has "the benefits of jujubes in the north... enough to feed the people", pointing out the important role of jujubes in northern China. "Han Feizi" also records the use of jujube to save the people during the famine in Qin. Therefore, the people have always regarded jujube as one of the "hardcore crops" and "woody foods". Jujube has been used as medicine for a long time. It has been recorded in "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" and has been recorded in medicinal books of all dynasties. The understanding of its health care and treatment of diseases has been deepened. So far, dates are regarded as important tonics. There is a saying that "eating three dates a day will keep you from looking old for a lifetime." Today, dates are still one of the main dried fruit ingredients in Chinese cooking.

Chinese dates were introduced to the Mediterranean coast and Western Europe via Syria in the 1st century AD, and were introduced to North America from Europe in the 19th century.

Jujube has been recorded in Chinese literature for more than 3,000 years. The oldest writing about jujube probably appears in the Book of Songs. In "Shi·Binfeng·July", it is said that "Jujubes are peeled in August and rice is harvested in October." "Wei Feng" has "There are thorns in the garden. In fact, there are thorns in the garden." There is a saying in "Xiaoya" that "the blue flies stop at the thorns." "The yellow birds stop at the thorns" in "Qin Feng", which refers to the jujube tree. The Confucian classics describe jujube in more detail. "The Rites of Zhou·Tianguan·Jiangren" says that "the bamboo shoots used as food are actually jujube, stewed, peach, and hazelnut." "Yili·Bride Gift" says that jujube, Li was also a gift brought to the officials in charge of the pilgrimage when the ancient princes borrowed roads to greet each other. They used two covered square bamboo guis with a capacity of one bucket or two liters each. One was filled with dates and the other was filled with chestnuts. Offer. "Etiquette·Jixi Li" says that on the night of the last mourning before burial, the sacrifice types should include jujube and preserved chestnuts. According to "Etiquette: Special Animal Feeding Ceremony" and "Etiquette: Yousi", the princes and the officials below them - scholars, sacrificed to the temple on the first day of every month. In addition to the prescribed livestock, the types of sacrifices included dates and chestnuts, and Whoever places the jujubes is particular about it. Later, "Warring States Policy·Yan Policy One" records: When Su Qin was lobbying the six countries, he said to Marquis Wen of Yan, "There are Jieshi and Yanmen in the south, and there are jujubes in the north. Although the people do not work in the fields, the jujubes are good." , which is the so-called Tianfu." This shows that jujube was the economic lifeblood of the northern Yan State at that time, and was one of the basis for the emperor to consider the national security policy. As for the planting and cultivation of jujube trees, "Guangwu Bozhi" records: "During the reign of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, there were jujubes with weak branches that were very beautiful. It was forbidden for people to take them and placed them in the tree garden." The records in "Qi Min Yao Shu" are more detailed. : "Choose jujubes with good taste, keep them and plant them, and move them when the jujube leaves begin to grow." "Jujubes are strong in nature and should not be plundered by seedlings." "Erya Shimu" is the first book in my country to record and explain jujube varieties. The book records eleven varieties of jujubes in the Zhou Dynasty, including pot jujube, Yao jujube, white jujube, wild jujube, Qi jujube, sheep jujube, big jujube, stuffed jujube, bitter jujube, and no real jujube. By the Yuan Dynasty, there were as many as 72 types of jujube varieties recorded in the "Da Zao Pu". By the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the number of jujube varieties recorded in the "Illustrated Research on Plant Names and Facts" reached 87.

It can be said that from the ancient feeding of food to the later cultivation, from the food given to the king in ancient times to the greeting gifts of princes to each other, and even to the Confucian "three rites" (i.e. funeral, funeral, and sacrifice) supplies, Ming Dynasty During the Qing Dynasty, jujube was a tribute to the royal family, and later generations consciously planted it on a large scale with economic development. As a fruit, jujube occupies a very important position in politics, economy, and life.

In thousands of years of life and production practice, jujube trees have formed an indissoluble bond with the people of Zao Township. People grow jujubes, manage jujubes, use jujubes, and eat jujubes in different ways. They also wrote: Jujube, chanting jujube, singing jujube, painting jujube, jujube gradually entered and integrated into various fields of human social life, and gradually formed jujube culture.

The thoughts and culture of jujube are closely integrated with the scenery, people, and folk customs of the town of jujube. The culture of jujube has become richer and broader as it has been passed down from generation to generation in the long history, reflecting different levels, different meanings, and different degrees. All things in the world.

Jujube culture is mainly reflected in literature, politics, economy, philosophy and all aspects of social life. Jujube trees are inextricably linked to history, culture, folk customs, wars, policies, ancient and modern celebrities, agriculture, industry, tourism, names of people, place names, daily life, etc., leaving traces of jujube culture everywhere. . Literary and artistic works describing jujube or related to jujube are the soul of jujube culture, which mainly include legends, stories, novels, poems, essays, dramas, idioms, riddles, sayings, couplets, jokes, tongue twisters, fables, aphorisms, and proverbs about jujube. , painting, photography, sculpture, song and instrumental music, etc.

Jujube has been written into poems and songs by poets of all dynasties, and there are many poems praising the jujube tree. Through these poems, we have traveled through the tunnel of time and space, and can fully appreciate the scenery of Zao Township in the past, feel the vicissitudes of history, and recall the love of Zao dates from our ancestors and the contemporary people. Li Qi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, sang, "The south wind in April brings yellow barley, and the late date blossoms fall in the shade of tung trees." Another famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Changqing, wrote: "Walking through mountains and hills, the roofs and floors of the house are red." Song Dynasty poet Zhang Lei It was written that "the jujube paths and melon fields have been cooled by the rain, and they are dressed like wild men in white shirts and black hats." Guishan, the magistrate of Qingyun County in the Qing Dynasty, recited that "it is the time when the weather is sunny and harmonious, and the jujube buds are beginning to grow and wheat is beginning to grow." Other poets also wrote "The jungle is filled with red clouds, and thousands of homes are covered with red clouds." Contemporary poets even praised "In the long autumn wind and sunset, a tree is dancing with thousands of red pearls." The leisurely and harmonious pastoral scenery vividly appears on the page. Su Shi, the great poet of the Song Dynasty, happily wrote the lyrics "Huanxi Sand" when he was the prefect of Xuzhou. "Jujube flowers are falling on clothes and scarves, winding wheels are ringing in the south of the village and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold by cows and old willows" to express his joy at the new scene in the countryside after the rain. . Cui Xu, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, wrote, "On the August day in the autumn forest on the river, red beads pressed down on the branches of the garden; a long-waisted and strong woman carried a basket and hit a jujube pole with twenty fists." Another poet wrote, "The spring breeze has passed. At the autumnal equinox, the sound of beating jujubes can be heard from across the mountain; there are hundreds of thousands of trees in the houses of three or two people, and the clouds are red on the rooftops of the fields." The scene of the abundant jujube harvest in the golden autumn is like hearing the sound and watching the scenery. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Lu described the charming scenery of the Zaoyuan Garden in his poem "The road to the Zaoyuan Forest is divergent, and the pedestrian path is the old Xixi River. The red silk carriage rides slowly on the pear blossoms, and the wind is warm and the sand is soft and sinks into the horse's hooves." During the Anti-Japanese War, Commander Xiao Hua sang with great enthusiasm in his "Shandong-Hebei Border March": "We are not afraid of the enemy's crazy raids on 200 strongholds. Let them follow the highway network and camp three or five miles away from the enemy. We are not afraid of food." The leaves and jujube bran will always stand at our posts. The more difficult the environment, the more glorious it is for us; comrades, we must fight to the end, and we must win!" This expresses the strong will and proletarian spirit of the soldiers of our military region to fight to the end. The spirit of class revolutionary optimism. When Wang Shuli, deputy director of the Shandong Provincial Development and Reform Commission, took office as the secretary of the Qingyun County Party Committee, he happily wrote "Ode to Tang Zao" and "Poetry in Ode to Zao", and issued the following slogans: "Life should be like this, we should strive for self-improvement" and "I want to pray for immortality" The heartfelt emotion of "Don't say goodbye to being a Qingyun native" expresses the infinite admiration and love for the jujube tree among all Zaoxiang people.

[Edit this paragraph] Notes

1. Good red dates have purple-red skin, large and uniform particles, short, strong and round fruit rows, few wrinkles and shallow marks; if there are many wrinkles , deep marks, and sunken fruit rows, it is a dry product made from fresh jujubes with poor meat quality and immatureness; if there are perforations on the pedicle end of the jujube or there is coffee-colored or dark brown powder stuck to it, it means that it has been eaten by insects;

2. Excessive consumption of jujubes can cause hyperacidity and abdominal bloating;

3. Rotten jujubes will produce fruit acid and methanol under the action of microorganisms, and people who eat rotten jujubes will appear Poisoning reactions such as dizziness and visual impairment can be life-threatening in severe cases, so please pay attention;

4. When eaten raw, the jujube skin is easily retained in the intestines and difficult to be excreted, so you should spit out the jujubes when eating them. Skin;

5. Eating too many dates will cause bloating. Pregnant women should not eat dates if they have abdominal distension. It doesn't matter if they only drink red date soup.