What are the idioms with different meanings in ancient and modern times?

1. The wind comes out of nowhere: kōng xué lái fēng]

The hole is the condition for the wind to come. Since the wind can come, there must be a hole, which means that the rumor has a certain basis. Often misused to mean something unfounded.

Source: "Feng Fu" by Song Yu in the Warring States Period, Chu Dynasty and Song Dynasty: I heard from my master: "The Zhiju sentence comes to the nest, and the wind comes out of nowhere."

2. The flow of fire in July: qī yuè liú huǒ

It means that the weather is gradually getting cooler. "Flowing Fire in July" means that in the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the weather gradually turns cooler, and at dusk, large sparks can be seen falling from the west. Nowadays, it is often mistakenly used to describe the very hot weather in July, which makes it seem like a joke.

Source: The phrase "fire flows in July" comes from "The Book of Songs? Guo Feng? Bin Feng" "Fire flows in July, and clothes are given in September".

3. Beautiful: měi lún měi huàn

The house can only be described as tall and beautiful. But in recent years, newspapers and television have used this term to describe beautiful things, which is totally wrong.

Source: "Book of Rites? Tan Gong Xia": Jin Xianwenzi married, and Jin officials became famous. Mr. Zhang said: "What a beautiful wheel, how beautiful a splendor. Sing here, cry here, and gather the nation here!"

4. Mù wú quán niú

It is a metaphor for someone who is technically proficient and extremely proficient. It is easy to be mistaken for lacking an overall concept.

Source: "Zhuangzi's Theory of Health Preservation" by Zhuangzhou of the Pre-Qin Dynasty: "When the first minister untied the ox, he saw nothing more than the ox; three years later, he did not see the whole ox."

5. The two ends of the first rat: shǒu shǔ liǎng duān

It means hesitant and undecided. Often misused to describe a person who is inconsistent in his words and deeds.

Source: Western Han Dynasty? Sima Qian's "Historical Records? Biography of Wu'an Marquis of Wei Qi": Wu'an has dismissed the court, went out of the car door, summoned the Han Yushi doctor, and said angrily: "I am an old man with Chang Ru. "Bald man, what are the two ends of a rat?"

6. Bear the brunt: shǒu dāng qí chōng

It is a metaphor for being the first to be attacked or encounter a disaster. Often misused as charging ahead.

Source: "Han Shu? Five Elements Chronicles Part II": "Zheng is the first to bear the brunt and cannot cultivate virtue."

7. Look at the back of his neck: wàng qí xiàng bèi

Being able to see other people's necks and backs means being able to catch up or compare with them (mostly used in the negative: for example, it is difficult to see others' necks and backs, cannot see their necks and backs, etc.). Nowadays, many people use the phrase "can only catch up" to mean "cannot catch up". This is wrong. < /p>

8. Not satisfactory: chā qiáng rén yì

It means generally satisfactory. Often misused to mean unsatisfactory.

Source: "Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Biography of Wu Han": When the emperor sent people to see what the great Sima was doing, and also asked Fang to repair his war and attack tools, he sighed and said: "Wu Gong sent people to force people to do what they want, and they are like an enemy country. ”

9. Wonderful craftsmanship: guǐ fǔ shén gōng

Describes the exquisite and superb craftsmanship of buildings and sculptures, as if they were made by ghosts and gods, and cannot be achieved by human beings. Often misused to describe spectacular natural scenery.

Source: Qing Dynasty? Qu Dajun's "Duanzhou Visit to Yange and the Dukes": "Over the years, there has been no mining left at the bottom of the rock, and the miraculous craftsmanship has yielded a lot of marrow."

10. The initiator of the figurines: shǐ zuò yǒng zhě

It is a metaphor for the first person to do something bad or the founder of a bad trend. Now it is often misused as the first person to do a certain thing or a certain task.

Source: "Mencius, King Hui of Liang 1": Zhongni said: "The one who first made the figurines has no descendants."

11. Hot: zhì shǒu kě rè

It is a metaphor for being powerful and arrogant, making people afraid to approach. It is often misused to describe anything "popular", completely deviating from its original meaning.

Source: Du Fu's "Beauty's Journey" of the Tang Dynasty: "The popularity is overwhelming, so be careful not to get too close to the prime minister's anger.

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12. One word and nine tripods: yī yán jiǔ dǐng

Jiuding: a treasure of an ancient country, said to be cast by Xia Yu. One sentence is worth the weight of nine tripods. Metaphorical speaking It has weight and can play a big role. It is often misused to mean keeping one's word.

Source: Sima Qian's "Historical Records? Biography of Pingyuan Jun": "As soon as Mr. Mao arrived in Chu, he made Zhao more important than Jiuding Dalu. Mr. Mao's three-inch tongue is stronger than a million-strong teacher. Victory dare not return to Xiangshi. ”

13. Not worth teaching: bù zú wéi xùn

It means not worthy of being used as a model or rule. Now it is often misused to mean that it is not worth teaching someone.

Source: Hu Yinglin's "Shi Sou" in the Ming Dynasty: "Your poetry is like a giant whale in the wind. Although the steps are strange, they are not enough to teach. This word has nothing to do with lessons

14. The alleys are empty: wàn rén kōng xiàng

It does not mean that the streets are empty, but that people come out of the alleys and onto the streets. There were huge crowds of people on the occasion, and there was a grand occasion such as brotherly welcome and celebration. Nowadays it is often misused to mean that the streets are empty.

Source: Song Dynasty's Su Shi's poem "Revisiting Wanghai Tower on August 17th": "Thanks to the Ming Dynasty for watching the tide, thousands of people are emptying the streets to fight for new makeup."

15. Long vacation. Return: jiǔ jiǎ bù guī

Fake, borrow; return, return. Long term loans are not returned. Nowadays it is often misused to mean taking a long leave and not coming back to work.

Source: "Mencius: Devotion to the Heart": "If you have been away for a long time and never come back, how can you not realize that it is not there?"

16. Be regarded as a model: fèng wéi guī niè

Guide, a metaphor for the standards of things. Treat certain things and statements as norms. It is now often misused to refer to someone as the founder or pioneer of a certain field.

Source: Qian Daxin's "Preface to the Rhyme Table of the Six Books" of the Qing Dynasty: "The publication of this book will make the domestic scripture exegesis family regarded as Guigao, and the sound of the words will lead to the development of exegesis of ancient meanings. One day, I will only keep the ancient sound layout. "

17. How to redeem a hundred bodies: bǎi shēn hé shú

It means that you can't redeem yourself even if you die a hundred times. A metaphor for extremely deep mourning for the deceased. Nowadays, it is often misused and it is not enough to kill a hundred people in exchange for the dead.

Source: "The Book of Songs? Qin Feng? Yellow Bird": "If it can be redeemed, everyone will be saved."