Ask you how much sadness you can have, drink Red Bull when you are sleepy and tired, and pick up the poems hilariously

Poppy ①

Li Yu Southern Tang Dynasty

When will the spring flowers and autumn moon come? ②

How much do we know about the past?

The east wind blew again in the small building last night,

The motherland cannot bear to look back in the bright moon.

The carved jade bricks should still be there, ③

It’s just the beauty that has changed. ④

I asked you how much sorrow you can have, ⑤

It is just like a river of spring water flowing eastward.

Author

937-978, his first name was Congjia, with the courtesy name Chongguang and the nickname Zhongyin. The sixth son of Li Jing, he succeeded to the throne in 901 and was known as the empress of Li Yu in history. After taking the throne, he paid tribute to the Song Dynasty in order to gain peace. In life, he is extravagant and lustful. In 975, when the Song army broke through Jinling, he surrendered naked. Although he was granted the title of disobedience, he was actually reduced to a prisoner. He died in July of the third year of Taiping's reign. According to "Mo Ji" written by Wang Zhi of the Song Dynasty, Gai was poisoned by the medicine given by Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty. He was proficient in calligraphy and painting, versed in music and rhythm, and skilled in poetry, especially among the best in the Five Dynasties. In the early period, the poems were mostly about the pleasure life of the palace, with a soft style; in the later period, the poems reflected the pain of the country's subjugation, with expanded themes, profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, fresh language, and full of artistic appeal. Later generations compiled his and Li Jing's works into "Two Main Poems of the Southern Tang Dynasty".

Notes

① This tune was originally a Tang Jiaofang song. It was first chanted about Xiang Yu's doting on his concubine Poppy, and it was named after it. It is also known as "Spring Water of a River", "Jade Pot Water", "Twelve Peaks of Wushan", etc. Double tone, fifty-six characters, four sentences each in the upper and lower parts, all with two oblique rhymes converted into two flat rhymes.

②: Finished, completed.

③Building: steps. Carved lanterns and jade inlays: refers to the Forbidden City of the Southern Tang Dynasty in Jinling. Ying You: One work is "Yi Yi".

④Zhu Yangai: It means that the person you miss has aged.

⑤Jun: The author calls himself. Neng: It can also be used as "du", "that", "huan", "but".

Comments

This poem was written probably in the third year after Li Yu returned to the Song Dynasty. The poem reveals undisguised longing for the homeland, which is said to be one of the reasons that prompted Song Taizong to order Li Yu to be poisoned. Then, it is tantamount to Li Yu's final words. The whole poem starts with a question and ends with an answer; from asking about heaven and people to asking about oneself, through the sad and exciting tone and the twists and turns and flowing artistic structure, the author's melancholy thoughts are expressed throughout. Create a refreshing aesthetic effect. It is true that Li Yu's longing for his motherland may not deserve sympathy. The past events he misses are inseparable from the imperial life of "carved railings and jade bricks" and the secrets of the palace with personal affairs at dawn and dusk.

However, this popular masterpiece is indeed unique in art: many people think of "Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon" as beautiful, but the author earnestly hopes that it will "end" soon; the "east wind" of the small building brings The messages of spring, on the contrary, caused the author to lament that he "cannot bear to look back" because they all evoked the author's feelings about the right and wrong of characters and brought out his sorrow of being imprisoned in a foreign country. They were used to describe the world surrounded by pearls and greenery. The author's state of mind was real and profound when the master of the Jiangnan Kingdom who cooked gold and jade was transformed into a prisoner who sang and cried. The concluding sentence "A river of spring water flows eastward" is a famous sentence that uses water as a metaphor for sorrow, which implicitly shows the endless flow of sorrow and thoughts. Compared with it, Liu Yuxi's "Bamboo Branch Diao" "the water flows endlessly like Nong's sorrow", which is a bit blunt, while Qin Guan's "Jiangchengzi" "is like a spring river full of tears, endless flow, and many sorrows", which is also fair. Too much, but weakens the touching power. It can be said that the reason why Li Yu's words have aroused widespread political resonance is, to a large extent, due to the contagious and symbolic metaphor used in the concluding sentence to express his sorrow both visually and abstractly: The author did not clearly write down the true meaning of his melancholy - nostalgic for the hedonistic life of the past, but only showed its external form - "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward. In this way, people can easily gain some spiritual enlightenment from it. and use it to express similar emotions, because although people's sorrows have different connotations, they can all have the external form of "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward". Because "images are often greater than thoughts", Li Yu said this. The words can have a wide range of resonance and can be recited through the ages.