The same surname is not necessarily the same, but different surnames may be the same.

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Usually, when people meet friends with the same surname, they always like to say, "We were a family 500 years ago.". Actually, it's just a joke. For thousands of years, the evolution of surnames in China is complicated and mixed. There have been two basic situations: the same surname may not be the same, but the different surname may be the same, that is to say, the same surname may not be the same, but the different surname may be the same.

First, the same source and different currents.

In other words, "500 years ago" was originally a family, and after 500 years, they parted ways. Such as Hu surname, Hu surname is the thirteenth most popular surname in China, and the ancestor Gui of Hu surname is a descendant of Yu Shun, who was sealed in the state of Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan). After Chen was destroyed by Chu, the Manchu father and son took the country as their surname and changed their surname to Chen; Another son took the Manchu surname as his surname and changed his surname to Hu.

Chen Hu's ancestor Hu Gongman.

The grandson of Manchu took his place of residence as his surname and changed his surname to Tian; Another grandson took the surname of his ancestor Yu Shun as his surname and changed his surname to Yao.

Yao, Gui, Chen, Hu and Tian are of the same ancestry, and their blood ancestors are all Yu Shun, one of the five emperors.

Another example is the surname Zi, which is the surname of the Shang emperor. The Shang Dynasty Prince Bi Gan was killed, and later generations lived in seclusion, taking Ben as a descendant of the royal family and changing it to the earliest Sun surname in China.

According to legend, Bigan's wife Lin gave birth to a boy and took him to see him. When King Wen saw that the boy was left in charge of the headquarters and right in charge of himself, he gave him the surname Ji, the ancestor of the surname Ji.

Bigan took refuge in the forest and gave birth to his son Quan. Feeling that the right was born in Lin and his father was unyielding, he was given the surname Lin and Jane, and became the ancestor of Lin, whose birthplace was Weihui, Henan.

Son's surname is ancestor Gambi.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong, Lin was framed and imprisoned by Jiangxi observation, and the people vindicated him. After listening to the people's complaints, Emperor Taizong felt the virtue of hard work, so he changed his surname to Gu.

It can be seen that the four surnames of Sun, Ji, Lin and Gu are also homologous, and all of them come from their surnames. Later, in Fujian and other places, special cases of lin li and Lin Yin appeared.

Second, different sources and the same flow?

That is, "500 years ago" is irrelevant, and after 500 years, it is like a family. Take Wei Liu as an example. Liu is the most popular name in China. Five hundred years ago, there were five families:

? (1) Tang's family (Shi and Yi) was sealed in Liu (now Tang County, Hebei Province), and the descendants took Yi as their surname, also known as Qi Liu, and the authentic name was Liu.

? (2) The son of West Ji Wang was named (now Yanshi, Henan Province), and his descendants took Yi as their surname, also known as Ji's surname Liu.

? (3) During the Western Han Dynasty, the royal women of the Han Dynasty married the Huns. According to the custom of Xiongnu, all nobles take their mother's surname, and many descendants of Khan are surnamed Liu, also known as Xiongnu Liu.

? (4) Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang once gave Xiang and Lou, also known as Liu.

? 5] When Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty promoted Sinicization, the surname of Dugu was changed to Liu, which was also changed by ethnic minorities.

? Liu's ancestor Lei Gong.

And Wang Xing. Wang Xing has a population of nearly 1 100 million, and its sources are very complicated. Although everyone is surnamed Wang, due to different sources in history, they do not have the same lineage. Ancient Taiyuan County, Langya County and Jingzhao County were the important birthplaces of Wang Xing.

(1) comes from Gui's family and is said to be after the ancient emperor Yu Shun;

(2) from Ji surname, after finish, the fifteenth son;

(3) from the son's surname, later for the Shang Dynasty Prince;

(4) Historical physical surnames, such as Wang Jian, the founding monarch of North Korea, and Wang Xiong, the father of Wang Pinshi in the Western Wei Dynasty;

(5) Wang, the son of Wang, often takes his surname;

(6) Giving a surname, such as Sun Jia, the great-grandson of Yan Wangdan in the Han Dynasty, was given the surname Wang when Wang Mang was born;

(7) Take the surname, such as Wang of the Sui Dynasty, Zhi, and Liu Qufei of the Five Dynasties, all taking the surname Wang;

(8) In the process of sinicization of ethnic minorities, they were changed. Among the dozens of Shandong, several were changed from Mongols to kings in the Yuan Dynasty, which has been passed down to this day.

There is also a Kong, who is from Qufu, Shandong Province. Since Confucius, there has been a bloodline connected from generation to generation. They must be descendants of Confucius, but not all Confucius surnames in the world are related to Confucius. According to textual research, Confucius' family name comes from his surname, and he is a descendant of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. But at that time, Wei Guo, Chen and Zheng all had Kong surnames, and all four Kong surnames were passed down from generation to generation. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, Kong's surname was combined with Yan, Zeng and Meng, and all the surnames of Kong were regarded as descendants of Confucius. In this way, the other three surnames unrelated to Kong were also regarded as descendants of Confucius.

Kong Fu Jia, the ancestor of Kong surname.

The same surname is not necessarily the same clan, and different surnames may have ancestors, which is a common phenomenon in the evolution of surnames in China. Although China has the tradition of taking the son's father's surname, even if the same surname is the same clan, from the perspective of genetics, the inheritance of lineage is gradually fading. For example, if a man marries a woman named Li, the children he gives birth to are only1/2; When the child grew up, he married another woman named Liu, and his grandson's lineage has dropped to1/4; When his grandson grew up, he married a woman named Zhao, and the Wang Xing lineage of the child he gave birth to has dropped to 65,438+0/8. In this way, the grandson was born and handed down from generation to generation. Thousands of years have passed, and the true lineage has been diluted very little. The so-called concepts such as "one line from generation to generation" and "lineage of surnames" are actually unscientific.