Urgently ask for health tips, poems and jokes.

First of all, wash your hands before and after meals:

Hand is the "diplomatic organ" of human body, which plays a leading role in all people's "foreign affairs activities", such as doing all kinds of work, taking out garbage, brushing spittoon, washing feet, wearing shoes and cleaning stools. Therefore, hands are easily infected with many pathogenic microorganisms. Scientists have made such a survey that an unwashed hand contains at least 40,000 to 400,000 bacteria. Nail seam is a good place for bacteria to hide. One nail seam can hide as many as 3.8 billion bacteria. In addition, someone did an experiment. Patients with acute dysentery use 5 ~ 8 layers of toilet paper, and Shigella can penetrate into their hands. Shigella can survive for 3 days in their hands. The flu virus can survive for 7 days on wet and warm hands. So, my hands are dirty. Moreover, when traveling, visiting and studying, and performing tasks, hands often touch some items and get dirty. In particular, patients with infectious diseases and people who look healthy but actually have viruses in their bodies often spread pathogenic microorganisms to various articles and appliances. When a healthy person touches his hand, pathogenic microorganisms will reach you. If you don't wash your hands before and after meals, you will bring bacteria into your mouth and eat them in your stomach. This is what people often say: "Bacteria come from hands and diseases come from mouth." Therefore, it is necessary to develop the habit of cutting nails and washing hands frequently before meals, after defecation and after work.

Washing hands can remove bacteria and eggs attached to hands. Washing your hands with running water can remove 80% bacteria from your hands. If you wash your hands with soap first and then with running water, you can wash 99% of the bacteria off your hands. When washing hands, be careful that several people should not use the same basin of water to avoid cross-infection and spread diseases to each other for more than 15 seconds.

Second, don't spit or throw your nose:

Phlegm is a viscous liquid secreted by respiratory tract, which is excreted by coughing. Everyone knows how to spit, but not everyone has a good way to spit. Some people don't pay attention to the environment, spit everywhere, and throw their noses all over the floor, which not only affects hygiene but also harms their personal image. Some so-called "health lovers" spit sputum on the ground and wipe it with shoes worn on their feet, thinking that even if there are no traces of sputum, it will not hinder hygiene and health. I don't know that sputum contains millions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, mycoplasma and so on. Especially people with respiratory diseases, such as tuberculosis, influenza and meningitis, have more bacteria and viruses in their sputum, especially in the early stage of SARS epidemic. Someone checked a mouthful of sputum and found hundreds of thousands of bacteria in it. Millions of mycobacterium tuberculosis can be found in the sputum of the most annoying tuberculosis patients. If you spit on the ground and the sputum is dry, bacteria will fly into the air with the dust, and healthy people may get respiratory diseases by inhaling such dust. So we should form a good habit of not spitting. Sputum should be spit in the spittoon, which should be scrubbed regularly every day. Where there is no spittoon, spit should be wrapped in waste paper and then thrown into the wastebasket or dustbin to consciously avoid spitting and maintain the hygiene of public places.

Third, don't cough or sneeze at others:

It is not surprising that coughing and sneezing are normal physiological phenomena of human beings. However, sneezing in front of others or food without paying attention to the occasion is an unhealthy and impolite bad behavior. According to the survey, a cough can eject 20,000 tiny droplets, and a sneeze can eject nearly 654.38+0 billion droplets. Moreover, the speed of droplet ejection is very fast, and it can fly 4.6 meters in less than 1 s, and it can fly 9 meters with the wind. The nasal cavity and throat are one of the places with the densest bacteria and viruses, and the sprayed droplets contain a lot of bacteria and viruses. A sneeze can spit out 85 million bacteria. These tiny water droplets can float in the air for a long time, 30-60 minutes in a windless room, and up to 30 hours. After the water in the water drops evaporates, bacteria and viruses fly with the dust, which continues to endanger people's health.

Among the legal infectious diseases in China, 15 is airborne (such as influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps, mycoplasma pneumonia, etc. Therefore, for everyone's health, people should pay attention to politeness and hygiene when coughing and sneezing, especially those with respiratory infectious diseases. If you can't help sneezing in front of people or food, you should immediately take out a towel or paper towel and cover your mouth and nose. Turn your back on others or food when it is too late, and cover your mouth and nose with your hands.

Fourth, don't smoke:

Smoking is harmful and useless, which has been recognized by the scientific community all over the world. Tobacco smoke contains more than 3000 kinds of harmful substances. Among them, there are mainly nicotine (nicotine), cigarette tar, light hydrofluoric acid, acrylic acid, carbon monoxide and so on. Nicotine is a toxic substance. Tobacco tar contains nitrosamines, phenols, arsenic, radioisotopes and other carcinogenic or carcinogenic substances, especially benzopyrene, which is recognized as a strong carcinogen. According to statistics, the incidence of lung cancer in people who smoke 40 cigarettes a day is 70 times higher than that in non-smokers. In addition, smoking is also closely related to lip cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Smoking can promote the development of systemic arteriosclerosis and hypertension, so the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of smokers are higher than those of non-smokers. In addition, smokers are prone to colds, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, emphysema and so on. Other studies have shown that smoking is related to male impotence. .

Some people say that smoking can refresh oneself and improve work efficiency. Actually, this is a misunderstanding. Modern medical research believes that nicotine has a dual effect on the central nervous system, that is, it is first excited and then inhibited. Therefore, people who smoke heavily for a long time lose their balance in the process of excitement and inhibition in the cerebral cortex, but instead show fatigue, insomnia, decreased memory, distracted attention and decreased work efficiency. The incubation period of many smoking-related diseases is very long, and it is not as fast as eating highly toxic substances. So in a short time, people often can't see his harm. Sometimes it takes decades from smoking to death. This is also the main reason why people don't know enough about the harm of smoking.

There are about 200-300 million smokers in China, accounting for more than15 of the national population and10-0/0.2 billion smokers in the world. Not only will it consume a lot of money every year, but many years later, the state and individuals will invest unimaginable money to treat various diseases caused by smoking. At present, European and American countries have seen the great harm of smoking and used legal, economic and political means to greatly reduce the smoking rate of the masses. For example, American law clearly stipulates that selling cigarettes to teenagers under the age of 18 will be severely punished and even prosecuted to the court. Newspapers also published complaints from local people in Europe and the United States about the harm that tobacco companies and advertising agencies have done to themselves and their families. At present, China is still in the process of reform and opening up, and some laws are not perfect. Some departments also use cigarettes as a magic weapon to create huge profits. Young people regard a cigarette in their hand or mouth as a sign of maturity, and even some women have joined the ranks of smokers now. A famous foreign scholar predicts that about 50 million young people under the age of 20 will die of smoking in China in the future. So at present, many people think that smoking is a public hazard, a plague in 2 1 century, and opium in the new century, which harms the Chinese nation. Smoking may bring you a little temporary happiness, but it brings more disasters, diseases and deaths to people.

Five, don't drink too much:

Moderate drinking can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, dispel wind and dispel cold. However, excessive drinking, that is, alcoholism caused by drunkenness, will cause a series of damage to the body and even endanger life. Excessive drinking damages people's health, and also induces various accidents and disciplinary behaviors (especially drivers). Alcohol can enter the blood in about 5 minutes and then be transported to all parts of the human body. Alcohol mainly acts on the brain after entering the human body, and the brain is particularly sensitive to alcohol. It is generally believed that when the alcohol concentration in blood reaches 0. 1%, the cerebral cortex is inhibited, and the lower centers under the cortex are excited because of the decrease of inhibition, which makes people feel euphoric. At this time, facial flushing, a drinker, was in the early stage of acute alcoholism, with his heart beating faster, his spirit excited, his words fierce and his head swollen. At this time, as long as you stop drinking, you can completely return to normal after rest. On the contrary, if you continue to drink alcohol, when the alcohol concentration in the blood reaches about 0.2%, you will enter the middle stage of drunkenness, that is, the ataxia period. Some people will walk unsteadily because of drunkenness, and even get drunk on the roadside, bridge head and other places. When the drunken person appears pale, hypothermia, purple lips, incontinence, unconsciousness or even coma, he has entered the late stage of alcoholism. If the coma lasts for more than 4 hours, the prognosis is poor and it is easy to have serious sequelae. Modern medical research shows that when the alcohol concentration reaches 0.6%, it often leads to death.

The harm of drunkenness is systemic and the consequences are quite serious. A Chinese scholar dissected 47 corpses that died of drunkenness and found that all the corpses had extensive internal congestion, especially congestion, edema and bleeding of gastric and duodenal mucosa, and some gastrointestinal mucosa could be necrotic. Many scholars have pointed out that heavy drinking will lead to a high degree of cerebral cortex inhibition, inhibition of respiratory and circulatory centers, leading to respiratory arrest, which is a common cause of death for drunkards.

Do not drink unclean water, eat raw fruits and vegetables should be washed or peeled, do not defecate anywhere, do not litter, and frequently dry clothes and bedding.

Common specious "hygiene habits"

1. Wipe the tableware, fruit and face with toilet paper: Many toilet papers are not disinfected or not completely disinfected, and the fillers or powder scraps inside are easy to remain on the tableware or fruit, which will affect health if they enter the human body. Therefore, it is not appropriate to wipe tableware, fruits and face with toilet paper.

2. Dry the tableware and fruit with a rag: In general, a rag is omnipotent, which can wipe both the table and the tableware. Moist and nutritious rags are suitable for the reproduction of various pathogenic microorganisms if they are not disinfected, cleaned and aired frequently. It is more hygienic to wipe tableware and fruits without dishcloth.

3. Wash tableware, fruits and vegetables after meals: Washing meals can be used to clean tableware, vegetables and fruits, and remove oil stains on tableware and pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables, which has become an essential daily necessities in people's lives. But few people know that washing meals containing sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate is harmful to human health. In order to reduce the harm of meal washing to human health, when washing vegetables and fruits, we should pay attention to not too high concentration, generally about 0.2% is better; The appropriate soaking time is 5 minutes, and it needs to be washed repeatedly with running water after soaking. The same is true of tableware washing. In addition, don't buy unqualified bulk rice in the stall, because most of these meals are unqualified.

4. Cover food with gauze mask: Covering food with gauze mask in summer can prevent direct pollution of flies, but it can't be covered at once. Because the eggs laid by flies on the veil and the dirt on them will still fall from the gaps in the veil and pollute the food. Therefore, it is necessary to take a multi-pronged approach to prevent flies, and it is best to keep flies out.

5. spread plastic sheets on the dining table: some tablecloths are made of PVC and contain toxic free radicals. Tableware often comes into contact with this plastic sheet, and toxic substances will enter the human body through food, leading to chronic poisoning. Therefore, families should not use this toxic plastic tablecloth. When eating out, don't put chopsticks directly on the table covered with plastic sheets or plastic films. Besides, don't use painted chopsticks.

6. Wrap food in white paper: White paper looks clean, but it is unsanitary. Because a certain amount of bleaching powder is used in the production of white paper, it is easy to trigger chemical reactions and produce many harmful substances, such as peroxide. This substance can cause joint pain, headache, insomnia, liver cancer and infertility.

7. Eat stale food after heating: Many people think that food poisoning is caused by bacteria in spoiled food. If the spoiled food is boiled before eating, all the bacteria will be killed, and everything will be fine after eating. In fact, it is still unsafe to eat spoiled food after cooking, although the danger is reduced. For example, Botox and Staphylococcus aureus, which cause food poisoning, will not decompose and destroy even if heated at high temperature. Eating food contaminated with this toxin will still lead to poisoning and even death.

8. Cut off the rotten part of the fruit before eating: Some people think that cutting off the rotten part of the fruit before eating will be fine, but it is not. This is because even if the rotten part is cut off, the remaining part has been polluted by the juice of rotten fruit containing bacteria and their metabolites. Eating this fruit will cause gastrointestinal discomfort, acute gastroenteritis, and even cell mutation or cancer.

9. Use handkerchiefs or mix them with other things: it is unsanitary to wipe your mouth and nose with handkerchiefs. Handkerchiefs that are not often cleaned or put together with other things are likely to cause diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection or facial boils. Because paper money, keys and other things carry a lot of germs and eggs, it is easy to pollute handkerchiefs. People who wipe their hands and mouths with this handkerchief are prone to intestinal infectious diseases and parasitic diseases. Therefore, handkerchiefs should be cleaned frequently and kept clean; You'd better take two handkerchiefs with you, one to wipe your nose and the other to wipe your mouth. Handkerchiefs should not be mixed with paper money, keys and other sundries to avoid being polluted.

10. Long-term use of cups with tea rust: Some people think that tea rust is formed by long-term deposition of tea leaves and is harmless, so it is rarely washed. Actually, this is not right. Tea rust contains a variety of harmful substances, which can cause pathological changes in organs such as kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract.

1 1. Regularly remove brown rust in aluminum pot: aluminum pot looks clean like this, but in fact, a protective film has been removed from the surface of aluminum pot. Because the brown rust on aluminum pot is an oxide of aluminum, it can prevent aluminum from dissolving into water-containing diet, thus reducing the absorption of aluminum by human body and helping to prevent Alzheimer's Harmo's disease.

12. drying towels with waste fluorescent tubes: some families use waste fluorescent tubes to dry towels or handkerchiefs, which is considered hygienic. As we all know, if both ends of the lamp tube are corroded or the lamp tube itself is cracked, toxic substances such as mercury, fluorescent powder and a small amount of ammonia gas in the tube will gradually seep out or volatilize, polluting towels or handkerchiefs, thus endangering human health. If it enters the eyes, it will lead to decreased vision or even blindness. These toxic substances will also pollute indoor air and cause chronic poisoning.

13. Take a bath immediately after drinking and eating: Patients with heart disease will take a bath with cold water immediately after drinking, which will lead to death due to heavy heart burden. Even normal people should not take a bath immediately after meals. Because bathing will increase the blood flow of limbs and body surface, reduce the blood supply of gastrointestinal tract, thus affecting the digestive function of gastrointestinal tract.

14. Don't spit if you have phlegm: spitting is an uncivilized living habit and should be abandoned. But it is also a bad habit not to spit and swallow it. Because doing so will feed all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms and parasitic larvae in sputum into the body, causing corresponding infections and even diseases.

15. Put the toothbrush head upside down in the cup: After brushing your teeth, put the toothbrush head upside down in the washing cup. Some food scraps in the toothbrush room will become a source of nutrition for bacteria, which can make them multiply. When you brush your teeth again, bacteria and their decomposition products in the toothbrush may invade your body, thus affecting your health.

15. Wash your hands with public soap: Washing your hands with soap is for hygiene, but if you wash your hands with soap in public toilets, the result may be just the opposite. Healthy people and unhealthy people share a piece of soap, which gives bacteria and viruses a chance to spread. Soap acts as a medium for the spread of diseases. In addition, wash the faucet with clean water before turning off the water after washing your hands to prevent the washed hands from being infected again by touching the switch.

16. Wash your hands after defecation but not before defecation: Washing your hands after defecation can prevent the spread of parasite eggs and intestinal pathogens, but it is more important than washing your hands before defecation, which is often overlooked. If you don't wash your hands before defecation, all kinds of germs on your hands may contact the external reproductive organs and perineum with your hands and cause infection. In today's high incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, it is more important to wash your hands before defecation.

17. Wipe the toilet paper forward after defecation: This practice is extremely unsanitary, especially for women, and it is easy to cause urinary and reproductive tract infections. Because of this, all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms and parasite eggs in feces can easily pollute female vulva through toilet paper, causing vulva infection, and even retrograde upward, causing internal genital and urinary system infection.

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