Why did Reese betray Qin Shihuang?

When he was young, Li Si studied royal art hard. After his success, he helped Qin Shihuang unify the six countries with his extraordinary consideration and wisdom, and made outstanding contributions to the unification of Chinese characters and currency in China. But Reese is also a controversial figure. He was jealous of being virtuous and talented, and brutally killed his classmate Han Fei. Together with Zhao Gao, he tampered with the will of the first emperor, helped II succeed to the throne, and finally could not escape the fate of being beheaded.

Li Si, a native of Shangcai, Chu, worked as a county magistrate when he was young, and his position at that time was extremely humble. Until one day, he saw that the fate of two mice in different environments was so different. "Seeing that the rat food in the official toilet is not clean, it is scary to approach the dog; When you enter the warehouse, you can see the mice in the warehouse, eat millet, live under big guards, and see no worries of people and dogs. " The different fates of the two mice greatly inspired Reese. He sighed: "Man's virtue is like a mouse, in his own ears!" "

He has a strong desire to change the environment and dreams of becoming a "rat in a barn" one day. In order to achieve this goal, he left home and studied the art of emperors with the famous Xunzi at that time. He was successful in learning. He thought that his motherland, Chu, was not enough to achieve what he had learned all his life. At that time, the State of Qin had a tendency to annex the world, so he decided to explore the State of Qin in the west.

When he arrived in the state of Qin, he made a compromise, became the prime minister's Scheeren, and was later named Lang, which is why he had the opportunity to meet the king of Qin. As Qin gradually weakened the strength of the vassal state, Lisi gradually won the trust of the king of Qin, entered the decision-making level of Qin, and realized his wish when he was young.

After the King of Qin unified the six countries, Li Si was appointed Prime Minister. At this time, Reese really realized his wish when he was young, and reached the peak of power under one person and above ten thousand people. Not only that, all his sons married the princess of Qin, and all his daughters married the sons of Qin. His son, Li You, returned to Xianyang. "Many officials lived for the first time, and thousands of people rode their cars." This incomparable glory didn't go to Reese's head. He lamented that he was "the leader of Shangcai Buyi, the leader of the alley, and didn't know what he was doing, so he fell to this point. Those who are not ministers now can be described as extremely rich. "

At this time, if Reese gave up power, it would be too late, but Reese didn't do it. In 209 BC, Qin Shihuang died in a sand dune during a cruise. Before he died, he made his eldest son Fu a prince. Son Hu Hai and eunuch Zhao Gao conspired to tamper with the imperial edict and become emperor themselves. Zhao Gao suggested to Hu Hai, "I'm afraid we can't do it without working with the Prime Minister. Please make plans for your son and the Prime Minister. "

At first, Reese also sternly rejected Zhao Gao's plot, but when Zhao Gao threatened to use power, Reese was hit by a fatal door and his psychological defense line completely collapsed. These are the two things he has been pursuing all his life, and he will not give up easily anyway. Reese looked up at the sky and sighed, "Wow! I can't die when I am alone in troubled times, so I can live in peace! " He participated in Jiao Zhao's plot, made Hu Hai the second emperor, and sent away his eldest son Fu Su and generals Meng Tian and Meng Yi. "Twelve children died in Xianyang, and ten princesses died in the column. There are countless people sitting next to them. " At this point, Reese reached the first step of self-destruction.

Emperor II was cruel, and the harsh laws implemented after he acceded to the throne were even worse than those of the first emperor, so everyone feared for himself. At the same time, living in luxury, building Epang Palace and repairing the equator, the burden on the people is getting heavier and heavier, and they have risen up. At this time, Reese has lost his sense of justice and responsibility. In order to keep his power, he wrote a supervision responsibility letter to show his loyalty to Emperor II. He even said that Yao and Yu's "setting an example" was "how expensive it is not to love yourself!" At the same time, it shows that only by using harsh laws to supervise officials and people can a wise Lord "respect his position for a long time" and "benefit the world"

In order to cope with peasant uprisings in various places, Reese advocated that ordinary people would not dare to openly oppose them as long as strict laws were implemented. What is even more shameless is that Lisi believes that it is necessary to crack down on the exclusion of three kinds of people, that is, "those who are frugal and righteous will stand in the court, and then the desolation will stop"; "If the minister who remonstrates and argues is around, he will be full of ambition"; "The trip to Martyrs' Day is obvious to all, and the danger of prostitution and health will be abolished." He also said: "Therefore, a wise Lord can be outside, and he can only control obedient ministers, so he can be willful and not rebel."

This unreasonable remark comes from Li Si's mouth, which is unbelievable. This is not the same Li Si who praised Prissy, Uncle Jian and Shang Yang when he wrote "The Book of Expelling Guests", and called on the people not to be light and vulgar. Does this mean that Reese has to go against his will? No, Reese sold his soul to protect his position.

As the trustee of the first emperor, he went to the point of protecting his personal interests at all costs. It's amazing! However, the insidious Zhao Gao won't let Reese win the trust of II. He slandered in front of the second: "The plan of sand dunes, the prime minister and strict. This means that the ground is cracked and the king is embarrassed. " He also said that the Prime Minister was connected with anti-thieves. Hearing this, Reese was frightened, so he had to put all his eggs in one basket, and wrote to Emperor II to expose Zhao Gao, saying that he had "ulterior motives and sailed against the current". And bluntly, "Your Majesty doesn't want it, I'm afraid it will change."

In front of Zhao Gao and Reese, Emperor II will undoubtedly choose Zhao Gao, a villain who is in cahoots with him. So Reese was imprisoned. While in prison, Reese realized that Emperor II was cruel and heartless, and his fate would not be better than that of Wu Zixu. Finally, in order to save himself and his family, Li Si wrote to the second book again, recalling how Qin stepped onto the road of prosperity step by step over the past 30 years. His words were sincere, calling his achievements against his heart a crime and begging for pity. Reese's petition was eventually rejected by Zhao Gao on the grounds that "prisoners write books with peace of mind" and was not presented to II, so Reese's fate was only a dead end. In July of the following year, Reese was beheaded in Xianyang. Before leaving, he sent such a sigh to his son, "I want to go to the East Gate of Cai with Huang Gou, how can I go!"

In this way, Reese finished his tragic life. The reasons for Reese's tragedy are as follows:

First, Reese's personal desire is too heavy. For their own rights and status, it can be said that they do everything they can, which was decided by two mice who lived in different environments when they were children. Sometimes for personal desire, he will disregard the interests of the country, even the friendship with his family, and let him make a major mistake at a critical moment. After the death of the first emperor, if he could stick to his will and make Fu Su emperor, there would surely be no such fate.

Second, I don't know how to get out in time. After reaching the peak of power, Reese also lamented that "things are forbidden and prospered", but he was still greedy for money.

Third, Zhao Gao's provocation and II's fatuity. At the beginning of the emperor, Reese was the first favorite. After the change of sand dunes, King Gao of Zhao took its place, so he tried every means to frame Reese and provoke the relationship between Reese and II, resulting in tension between the monarch and the minister. The second emperor was far inferior to the first emperor in the ideal, ambition and consideration of governing the country. He is ruthless, only seeking pleasure, and cannot accurately control the contradiction between officials and servants.

Sima Qian said, "I know that the six arts belong to me, and I don't want to make up for the lack of the master." What I value is nobility, but I obey cruelty and listen to lofty heresy and abolish it. The ministers are already on the shore, thinking about fighting, not finished! "