Which stories in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are true and which are fictional?

1, Battle of Guandu

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the decadent regime in the Eastern Han Dynasty existed in name only. Against the background of years of campaigns, the battle of Guandu, one of the "three major battles" in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was also one of the famous battles in the history of China.

In the fifth year (200 years) of Jian 'an, Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao and Yuan were at loggerheads in Guandu (now northeast of Zhongmou, Henan), where they launched a strategic decisive battle. Cao Cao raided Yuan Jun's granary in Wu Chao (now Fengqiu West, Henan Province), and then defeated Yuan Jun's main force. This battle laid the foundation for Cao Cao's unification of northern China. ?

In this campaign, Cao Cao chose a good strategy, coordinated attack and defense, made many surprise attacks, and skillfully attacked it with fire, which burned up Yuan Jun's grain and grass, played an important role in victory, and concentrated on Cao Cao's excellent military strategy and command ability. This is a famous example in the history of China. On the other hand, Yuan Shao was divided internally, proud of underestimating his enemy, headstrong, repeatedly following the correct suggestions of his subordinates, hesitating and losing opportunities again and again. In the end, the grain and grass were burned, the roads in the rear were copied, the morale of the army was shaken, the internal division was broken, and the whole army was wiped out.

2. Battle of Red Cliffs

Battle of Red Cliffs is a classic of famous battles in ancient China. It is an example of defeating the strong with weakness and winning more with less. This is a household name. It is also the first large-scale battle in the Yangtze River basin in China history, which indicates that China's military and political center is no longer limited to the Yellow River basin. Finally, Cao Jun was defeated by fire, Cao Cao returned to the north, and Sun Liu Ye captured a part of Jingzhou.

In 208 AD, "Battle of Red Cliffs" was a strategic battle between Cao Cao, Sun Quan and Liu Bei along the river between Jiangling and Hankou in Hubei Province, which was of decisive significance to the establishment of the tripartite confrontation among the three countries.

In this war, Sun and Liu, who were at a disadvantage, correctly analyzed the situation and found out the weaknesses and unfavorable factors in the face of a total force of 234,000, and adopted the operational policy of close cooperation, fighting poison with fire and pursuing victory. Cao Jun abandoned his helmet and fled to the north, which made Cao Cao's ambition of "writing poems horizontally" and annexing the world go up in smoke.

3. The Battle of Yiling

The battle of Yiling, also known as the battle of Yiling and the battle of Xiaoting, was a large-scale battle launched by Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, against Wu Dong in the Three Kingdoms period. This is a famous successful case of active defense in China's ancient war history, and it is also the last of the "three major battles" of the Three Kingdoms.

In July of the first year of Zhangwu (22 1), that is, three months after Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, Liu Bei invaded Wu Dong Sun Quan on the grounds of revenging the famous Guan Yu, with a huge momentum. After Sun Quan failed to make peace, he decided to make peace with Cao Wei to avoid fighting on two fronts, and at the same time sent Lu Xun to lead the army to battle. Lu Xun stopped the attack of the Shu-Han army as early as possible, and even defeated the Shu-Han army in Yiling area in August of the second year of Zhangwu (222). After Guan Yu lost Jingzhou, the battle of Yiling was another great loss for Shu Han.

Novel:

1, piss Zhou Yu off

In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it was attributed to the wisdom of Zhuge Liang. In fact, Zhou Yu's early death had nothing to do with Zhuge Liang.

Historical facts restoration:

Su Shi wrote in his poem: "Think back to Gong Jin's time ... when he was talking and laughing, he disappeared into the smoke." How can a young talent be a narrow-minded person? The official history of the Three Kingdoms describes Zhou Yu as an open-minded person, but unfortunately he died young from overwork.

"The History of the Three Kingdoms" records: "Several tombs despise. Yu's festival will be tolerated, and he will not be with the school. After the ceremony, he respected himself and said to people,' You won't get drunk if you drink with Zhou Jin's bus friends. At that time, people were impressed by their humility. At the same time, Jiang Gan said, "Yu is magnanimous, and I'm afraid he will be a minister soon", and "Yu Wei is far away, so Zuo Zongtang and Liu Bei are anxious to doubt". As for the death of Zhou Yu, it was Pang Tong, not Zhuge Liang, who expressed condolences on behalf of Shu.

2. Britain's three wars against Lu Bu

The "Three Battalions" in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms refer to Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. In fact, Lu Bu was defeated by Sun Jian.

Historical facts restoration:

Gongsun Zan didn't take part in the alliance with Dong Zhuo, so Liu, Guan and Zhang didn't take part either. Besides, at that time, the three of them were just captains, and they were not qualified at all and there would be no Hulao Pass-Britain war against Lyu3 bu4. Lu Bu was repelled by Sun Jian.

According to the biography of Dong Zhuochuan in the Later Han Dynasty, "Sun Jian received his resignation and went to Xiangyang, Tunliang County. Zhuo sent Hu Zhen and Lu Bu to attack it. Cloth and water are incompatible, the morale of the army is frightened, and the war is in chaos. If you pursue it firmly, you will fail. " "If you firmly enter the Yangxuanmen Gate in Luoyang, you will even hit Lu Bu, and the cloth will be broken." It can be seen that Lu Bu was defeated by Sun Jian twice.

Step 3 whip you

This was done by Liu Beigan, not Zhang Fei.

Historical facts restored: Three Kingdoms: Liu Bei made contributions to the Yellow Scarf Uprising, and worshipped the junior officers in Anxi County. Du You went to the county seat to handle affairs, and Liu Bei went to pay his respects without notice. Liu Bei rushed in, tied Du You up, hit him 200 times with a stick, untied his seal, hung it around Du You's neck, tied it to a horse post, and lost his official position and fled.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia _ Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Luo Guanzhong's novel)