Is it historical progress or historical retrogression from abdication to hereditary system in ancient China?

On the surface, the abdication system seems to be fair and just, and whoever has merit and ability will be given his seat, but in practice, it is an impossible fantasy. Initially, the implementation conditions of the abdication system were extremely backward productivity conditions in the Yao and Shun dynasties. There are hundreds of thousands of people in a tribe, and everyone is familiar with it. It is very easy to distinguish between right and wrong and choose people with both ability and political integrity. Moreover, in primitive society, people's living customs are primitive public ownership, and there is no such private concept as "the world belongs to my family". Generally speaking, it is a manifestation of low social development.

With the emergence of private ownership, the rulers have the idea that the family will always be in the dominant position, so it is an inevitable choice for the son to inherit the position of the father. Not only the supreme ruler, but also the nobles, slave owners and rich people hope that their descendants can inherit the wealth they created. Hereditary production emerged as the representative of more advanced productive forces, and the state machine appeared in society, forming the embryonic form of the country, which was the beginning of the Xia Dynasty in China. On the surface, hereditary system seems to destroy justice and fairness, but in fact it strengthens centralization, ensures national stability and promotes people's enthusiasm for production, which is a new creation in line with historical development.

in the spring and autumn period, there was once an heir to a vassal state (I don't remember who it was), who read a lot of poems and foolishly tried to imitate Yao and Shun and cede his position to others. A traitor in power was so powerful that he just wanted to usurp power and seize power. As a result, the vassal king abdicated to him. The vassal king also thought that he had made great achievements in the future, but in fact he hurt the people at home, and the whole country plummeted and he became a joke.

In feudal society, in all countries and times where imperial power was strengthened, politics was generally relatively stable and economic development was fast (for example, in the era of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, which eliminated vassal kings and strengthened centralization, and in the era of Kangxi, which eliminated Ao Bai and San Francisco); On the contrary, whenever someone tries to usurp power and seize power, the country will be in a state of panic and no peace. It is easy to imagine how many aspirants' desires, how power will be played and how ordinary people will suffer under the condition of highly underdeveloped information in ancient times. In fact, it was not suitable for the feudal society of private ownership, so it was eliminated early.

generally speaking, in ancient times, it was a historical progress that hereditary system replaced Zen system.