Classical Chinese Reading Wang Zhenchen

1. Wang Zhenchen, also known as Junkuang in classical Chinese

Translation Wang Gongchen, also known as Junkuang, was born in Xianping, Kaifeng.

His original name was Gongshou. When he was nineteen years old, he got the first place in Jinshi. Renzong gave him the name "Gongchen". He served as general magistrate of Huaizhou and Zhixianyuan. He successively served as magistrate of salt and iron, Xiu Shizhu and Zhizhigao.

In the first year of Qingli (1041), he became a bachelor of Hanlin. Khitan envoy Liu Liufu once said to Jia Changchao: "What dangers are there in a boundary river? You can cross it in a small boat, and the soldiers can fill it up with a whip.

Or, dig out the river embankment. , make 100,000 bags filled with sand and put them upstream, and the road can be opened at any time." Renzong discussed this issue with Gongchen, and Gongchen said, "There is always a conspiracy in war.

If the other party can do this, we shouldn’t tell them. This must be a lie. This is what the ancestors did by setting up dangerous terrain to defend the country. Our ancestors also used dangerous terrain to defend themselves against enemies. ”

Soon after, the Khitan sent Liu Liufu again, demanding that the Song Dynasty cede the ten counties in Guannan, and accused Taizong of attacking Yan unreasonably and making a name for himself. The whole court didn't know how to respond.

Gongchen said: "When the king's army conquered Hedong, the Khitan had already communicated with us, but they attacked Shiling Pass to support the rebels in Hedong. Taizong was angry, so he returned to attack the Khitan. How can you say it was unreasonable? ?" So he wrote back and said: "First there was the battle at Shilingguan, and then there was the battle at Jimen."

After the Khitan received the reply, they resumed their reconciliation. Renzong happily said to the ministers, "If Gongchen wasn't familiar with history, it would be really difficult to answer."

Gongchen also acted as the prefect of Kaifeng and was appointed as Yushi Zhongcheng. Xia Song became the privy envoy. Gong Chen said: "When Xia Song was in charge of the western frontier affairs, he made no achievements and returned nothing.

Now let him be in charge of the country's two highest military and political institutions. One, how to set an example for the world?" So he argued with the emperor face to face and had fierce words. The emperor didn't think it through and stood up suddenly. Gong Chen stepped forward and held the corner of his clothes.

The emperor finally listened to his words and Xia Song resigned. He also said: "What Teng Zongliang did in Qingzhou violated the law, but he was only demoted and transferred to Guo Shou. I am afraid that all the border ministers will be like him in the future.

He should be severely punished." The emperor did not listen. He took leave to go home and asked for a demotion.

So the emperor transferred Teng Zongliang to Yuezhou and ordered Gongchen to continue to be responsible for his original work. When Gongchen paid a visit to the emperor, the emperor said: "You staff officers can express your opinions. Don't think that the court's failure to adopt one of your suggestions means that it is suppressing you, and you can easily resign in order to gain fame.

From now on, you should say whatever you think you should say, and don't avoid it." Monk Shaozong deceived the people in the name of casting Buddha statues. The residents of the capital rushed to throw gold into the furnace, and the harem also provided money to help him.

Gongchen said, "We have sent troops to garrison the west for many years, but we have spent money on places where it should not be used. This will shake the morale of the military and cause resentment among the people." The emperor ordered a ban on this move by Seng Shaozong. Activity.

Su Shunqin entertained guests when he entered the memorial hall. Wang Yirou was drunk and composed "Aoge". Gongchen persuaded Su's subordinates Yu Zhouxun and Liu Yuanyu to report this matter. As a result, Su and Wang were demoted to distant places, and all the people who attended the banquet were expelled to other places.

The ruling ministers at that time were Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan. They made many reforms to traditional rules and regulations, which made Gongchen's friends feel uneasy. Shun Qin and Yi Rou were recommended and promoted by Fan Zhongyan, and Shun Qin was Du Yan's son-in-law. Therefore, Gong Chen took this opportunity to overthrow these people. At that time, public opinion looked down on Gong Chen's character.

Later, as a Hanlin bachelor, he acted as the third envoy. Because Zheng Xu, a wealthy citizen, was improperly elected, he was appointed magistrate of Zhengzhou. He was also moved to Chan, Ying, and Bingzhou successively.

He returned a few years later and served as a bachelor and concurrently as an attendant. The emperor stored the "Tai Xuan Jing" and the yarrow used for divination in Yiying Pavilion, and said to Gongchen, "I often study these.

Do you also understand these?" Gongchen replied and Said: "I hope your majesty will pay attention to the Confucian classics "Six Classics", and then use the historical books recording the rise and fall of the past dynasties as a supplement. These miscellaneous books are not enough for learning." In the third year of Zhihe (1056), he was re-appointed as the third minister.

He was sent as an envoy to the Khitan and met with the Khitan leader at the Hun Tong River, where they had a banquet and fished together.

Every time the Khitan master caught a fish, he would pour wine for Gongchen and play the pipa himself to help him enjoy the wine.

He also said to his prime minister: "This is the young champion of the Southern Dynasty. He has been admitted to the Hanlin Academy for fifteen years, so I want to treat him particularly favorably." After returning, the censor Zhao Bian thought his behavior was inappropriate. Etiquette: "If Khitan envoys use this as an example to ask us in the future, how can we refuse?" Li Zhang, the transfer judge of Hunan, and Ren Zhuan, the magistrate of Tanzhou, forcibly bought the jewelry of the dead businessman at a low price. After their crimes were exposed, they were arrested. Gongchen bribed all the jewels to the harem, and Zhao Bian also impeached the matter.

When he was appointed as the envoy of the North Academy of Xuanhui, Zhao Bian said: "The position of Xuanhui was originally given to people with meritorious service. Only the former ruling ministers and Jiedushi can obtain this position. How can Gongchen What about insulting this position?" So he was asked to know Yongxing Army as a bachelor of Duanming Palace, and he was in charge of Taizhou, Dingzhou, and Daming Prefecture of Henan, and he was promoted to the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel. After Shenzong ascended the throne, Gongchen should be transferred to Pushe according to his qualifications. Ouyang Xiu thought that Pushe was at the level of prime minister and should not be ranked according to seniority, so he only appointed him as the prince Shaobao.

In the first year of Xining (1068), he was called back to serve as the envoy of the North Academy. Wang Anshi was appointed as the counselor of political affairs. He hated that he was always against him. When the two prime ministers were in trouble, he drove him to take charge of Yingtian Mansion.

In the eighth year (1075), he entered the court to see the emperor and served as the envoy of Zhongtaiyi Palace. In the early years of Yuanfeng (1078), he was transferred to the envoy of Nanyuan and was given the Jinfang Tuandai.

The daimyo was sentenced again and was appointed military governor of Wu'an Army. The Third Route Chief compiled the household registration of the people and established the Baojia system, and called on the people every day for instruction. The prohibitions were harsh and impatient, and the people were often forced to become bandits.

County officials concealed these situations and did not dare to report them. Gongchen resolutely wrote a letter criticizing its shortcomings: "Not only the material interests of the people are greatly harmed, but their farming time is also delayed. This is using the law to force them to commit crimes.

It is a sign that they are gradually evolving into big thieves. It can already be seen. Even if all these measures cannot be abolished, the poorest and least able-bodied people should be spared from harm and the situation should be eased."

Those in power accused Gongchen of resisting the new law. Gongchen replied: "This is an old minister who is serving his country with all his loyalty." The music continued one after another.

The emperor came to his senses, and the fifth-class households were protected from harm. Zhezong ascended the throne, moved to Zhangde Jiedu, and was granted the title of Grand Master of the School.

He died this year at the age of seventy-four. He was given the posthumous title "Yike" by the third division of Yitong in Kaifu. 2. Classical Chinese reading "Dou Wei"

Sorry, there are no reading questions online. I found the biography of Dou Wei from an old Tang book and translated it by hand, hoping it could be used as a reference.

Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was born in Pinglu, Fufeng, and was Empress Taimu's father and brother. Father Chi, Taifu of Sui Dynasty. The Wei family is noble, and all Kun's brothers are also good at martial arts, but Wei is obsessed with literature and history, and is self-defeating. All the brothers looked at him and called him a "bookworm". The internal history of the Sui Dynasty ordered Li Delin to show off his talents, shoot the armor department, and worship the secretary Lang. When the rank is full, it is time to move, but to stick to it. When the secretary is more than ten years old, his studies have become more and more extensive. At that time, all the brothers used their military exploits to achieve official status, made friends with the rich and powerful, and had many guests, while the powerful officials were idle. The brothers even said to Wei: "In the past, when Confucius accumulated knowledge and became a sage, he was still in a state of embarrassment. He has lived so late. If you follow this path, what else do you want? If you don't have a good reputation and position, it's appropriate." Wei laughed and didn't answer. . For a long time, King Xiu of Shu established a record room. He used Xiu to do many illegal things and returned to the fields after claiming illness. When Xiu was deposed, many officials in the government were convicted, but Wei Wei used his foresight to save his life. In the fourth year of Daye's reign, he was moved to the imperial palace. He disobeyed the imperial edict by counting the gains and losses, and was transferred to the imperial examination doctor. After that, he was relieved of his duties and returned to the capital. Emperor Gaozu entered the Pass and summoned the chief minister of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, the army was founded, and the five rituals were lost. Wei was a great expert in history and knew much about old rituals, imperial regulations, and national canons, all of which were determined by him. Wen Han from the Zen Dynasty was heavily involved in them. Emperor Gaozu often said to Pei Ji: "Shusun Tong can't add him." In the first year of Wude, he paid homage to the internal history order. The powerful memorials on grace often cited ancient edicts. Emperor Gaozu was very fond of them, and they were sometimes introduced into the sleeping room, often as a kneeling mat. He also said, "In the past, there were nobles in the Eight Pillar Kingdom in the Zhou Dynasty, and I and the Duke were appointed to this position. Now I am the emperor, and the Duke is the internal history order. The original is the same but the end is different, which is unfair." Wei Xie said: " In the Han Dynasty, my family was once again a relative. As for the Later Wei Dynasty, I had three wives. Your Majesty was prosperous and returned to the queen. I was also in Qili and was in Fengfengchi. I was worried about it in the morning. " Emperor Gaozu laughed and said, "I see people from Guandong marrying Cui and Lu, but I feel so proud of myself. It's so noble to be the emperor's relative on my behalf!" When he was sick, Emperor Gaozu went to ask questions. Looking for death, the family has no money left, and the funeral order is scanty. His posthumous title was Jing, and he was given the title of governor of Tongzhou and posthumously granted the title of Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the funeral, the prince and officials were ordered to go out together to see him off. There are ten volumes of collected works.

Translation: Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was a native of Fufeng Pinglu and the elder brother of Empress Taimu's stepfather. His father, Dou Chi, was once the Tutor of the Sui Dynasty. Dou Wei's family has made meritorious deeds for many generations, and several of his brothers advocate martial arts, but Dou Wei likes literature and history. He is upright and sticks to his heart. The brothers laughed at him and called him a "bookworm". Li Delin, the internal historian of the Sui Dynasty, won the imperial examination, ranked first in archery and strategy, and became a secretary. When his official term expired, he was about to be transferred, but he stayed on and worked as a secretary for more than ten years, and his studies also made progress. At that time, Dou Wei's brothers all became high-ranking officials through military merit, and made friends with high-ranking officials and dignitaries. Their family was filled with guests, but Dou Wei's official career was leisurely. The brothers laughed at him even more and said, "Confucius studied and became a saint. He was still very embarrassed at that time. What do you want to do after learning from him? The official position is not high, it is normal." Dou Wei smiled and did not answer. King Xiu of Shu came to Shu and was demoted to the office of reporter. Because Xiu did not abide by the law, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the pretext of illness. After Xiu was demoted, most of the officials who accompanied him were convicted. Only Dou Wei had the foresight to save himself. In the fourth year of Daye (era), he was promoted many times and became a member of the Internal Affairs Bureau. Because his admonitions offended the emperor, he was transferred to the Kao Gong Doctor. Later, because some things could not be done, he returned to the capital. Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty entered Hulao Pass and summoned and supplemented the records of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, wars were going on one after another, and all rules and regulations were broken. Dou Wei was knowledgeable and knew the previous rules and regulations, so he re-designated them, and Wenhan of the Zen Dynasty also participated in most of them. Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty said to Pei Ji many times: "There is no one better than Shu Suntong." In the first year of Wude (reign name), he made the internal history order. Wei Dou had a dignified appearance and quoted scriptures when he played. Tang Gaozu admired him very much and sometimes took him to the bedroom and often sat and chatted with him. The emperor once said: "In the past, there were eight national pillars in the Zhou Dynasty, and I was just like yours. Now I am the emperor, and you are the internal historian. They are basically the same, but the level is different." Dou Wei thanked the emperor, He said: "My family was the emperor's in-laws in the Han Dynasty. In the Later Wei Dynasty, we became the emperor's in-laws three times. Your Majesty, you are highly virtuous and respected, and you are more respected than the empress's family. We are about to become in-laws, and our official position is so high, we will be afraid sooner or later." "Tang Gaozu said with a smile: "I want the Guandong people to marry Cui and Lu Wei, and become a high-ranking official. When you become rich, you will start to be proud. You have been the emperor's in-laws for generations, aren't you very prominent?" When Dou Wei was seriously ill, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty went to visit him personally. Dou Wei died soon after. His family did not have much money, and his last words were simply to hold a funeral. The imperial court posthumously named him Jing Jing, posthumously named him the governor of Tongzhou, and posthumously named him Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the burial, the emperor ordered the prince and all the civil and military officials to go out to see him off. He has ten volumes of collected works. 3. Answers to the Extended Reading of Classical Chinese "Yu Wei Tu Zhong"

Original text:

When Zhuangzi was fishing in the Pu River, the King of Chu sent two officials to go ahead and said: "I would like to The territory is full!" Zhuangzi held the pole and said, "I heard that there is a magical turtle in Chu. It has been dead for three thousand years. The king hid this turtle in a turban. He would rather die to keep his bones. "Is it better to be born and drag the tail to the center?"

The second doctor Yu said: "It is better to be born and drag the tail to the center."

Zhuangzi said: "I will drag it!" The end is in the middle of the painting."

Translation:

Zhuangzi was fishing in the Pu River. The king of Chu sent two officials to invite him (to become an official). (They said to Zhuangzi) "I want to burden you with domestic affairs!" Zhuangzi took the fishing rod and said without looking back (them): "I heard that there is (a) divine turtle in the state of Chu. It has been dead for three thousand years. The king uses brocade Wrap it in a bamboo box and store it in the hall of the ancestral temple. Would this (divine) turtle rather die and leave its bones for people to treasure, or would it rather live and wag its tail in the mud? ”

< p> The two doctors said: "I would rather live with my tail wagging in the mud."

Zhuangzi said: "Please go back! I want to wag my tail in the mud." 4. Reading answers to Wang Fuzhuan's classical Chinese essay

Wang Fu, courtesy name Chuyang, was born in Gu'an. In the seventh year of Zhengtong (1442), he passed the imperial examination. The Criminal Division was assigned to Shizhong. He has a loud voice, a beautiful appearance, and is good at expressing his ideas. Promoted to General Political Councilor. He also invaded the capital first and invited ministers to go out to meet the emperor. No one dared to go, so Wang Fu asked to go. So he was promoted to Youtongzheng, acting as Minister of Rites, and went with Zhao Rong from Zhongshushe. The enemy exposed their swords and threatened them, but Wang Fu and others were not afraid of this. After returning, he still served as general affairs officer and was promoted to general affairs envoy.

In the first year of Chenghua (1465), Yansui's general officer reported that he was pursuing and attacking the Hetao tribesmen, and the emperor issued an edict to reward them. Wang Fu believed that it was inappropriate to travel seven hundred miles to fight, and was worried about provoking disputes in the hope of unexpected success. He asked for an edict to warn Xiaoyu. The emperor thought he was right. Promoted to Shangshu.

Chen Jue, who lives in a rich family, was originally a painter. When he died, his nephew Chen Xi asked to inherit Baihu. Wang Fu said: "Although hereditary inheritance is an order of the late emperor, it is not a military achievement and should not be allowed." So he stopped.

Maoli children invaded the border, and the emperor ordered Wang Fu to return to the capital to inspect Shaanxi's border guards. From Yansui to Gansu, he observed the terrain and said: "Yansui starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the east and ends at Dingbianying in the west, lingering for more than 2,000 miles. The dangerous passes are all in the interior, and there are no barriers outside the border. They can only be reached by forts. Defense. Instead, the army is stationed inside, but the people live outside. Once the enemy enters, the people have been plundered before the army arrives in Qingyang, which is more than 500 miles away, and the beacon fire cannot be connected. When it arrives, the people don't know yet. Please move the 19 forts such as Fugu and Xiangshui to important places close to the border, and every 20 miles from Anbianying to Qingyang, and from Dingbianying to Huanzhou. Build one pier, totaling thirty-four, and build trenches and walls according to the terrain to make it easier to defend and resist." After the memorial was presented, the emperor followed his advice.

Wang Fu was reassigned to the Ministry of Industry. Wang Fu strictly abides by laws and regulations, and his reputation exceeds that of the Ministry of War. At that time, the Zhongguan asked for the construction of a corridor to the northwest of the imperial city, and Wang Fu proposed to slow down the matter. Gao Fei also said that disasters are frequent and it is not appropriate to force tens of thousands of people to do useless things. The emperor did not allow it. The lieutenant-general leading the Tengxiang Fourth Guards requested to be given cotton jackets and shoes and trousers. Wang Fu insisted not to allow it, saying: "The imperial court made these things originally for the soldiers on the expedition, so that they could set off today without having to bother to sew them. The Beijing army provides cloth and cotton for winter clothes every year. This is an established system. How can it be done?" Can it be changed?" After Daying Dharma King Keshiba passed away, Zhongguan asked to build a temple and a pagoda. Wang Fu said: "The Great Merciful Dharma King only built pagodas and not temples. This system should not be established now." So he only ordered the pagodas to be built and sent 4,000 soldiers to serve him.

Wang Fu likes ancient books and studies. He abides by the rules of integrity and restraint. He does not have city government when interacting with others. He works as an official and has a general knowledge. He has served in the Ministry of Industry for twelve years. When he encountered disasters and mutations, the admonishers said that he was old. Wang Fu asked to retire. The emperor doesn't allow it. Two months later, the admonishment officer impeached Wang Fu again. The emperor then sent a decree ordering him to resign and return home. After his death, he was given to the crown prince as his Taibao, and was given the nickname Zhuang Jian. 5. Answers to Xu Du, whose courtesy name is Xiaojie, in classical Chinese.

Translation is available for reference:

Xu Du, whose courtesy name is Xiaojie, was born in Anlu. He has lived in the capital for generations. When I was young, I was free and easy, not stuck in small details. When he grew up, he grew up tall and liked drinking and gambling. He often sent servants and people with lowly professions to cause trouble. Xiao Jie, the internal history official of the Liang Dynasty, went to the county. Xu Du followed him and led his soldiers to conquer various caves. He was famous for his bravery. Gaozu conquered Jiaozhi and recruited him with generous gifts, so Xu Du surrendered to Gaozu.

During the Hou Jing Rebellion, Emperor Gaozu conquered and pacified Guangzhou, pacified Cai Luyang, and defeated Li Qianshi. Most of the plans came from Xu Du. Xu Du also commanded the soldiers and achieved military exploits in every battle. Returning to Baimao Bay, Emperor Liang Yuan appointed him General Ningshuo and governor of Hezhou. After Hou Jing was pacified, his military exploits before and after were recorded, and he was promoted to Tongzhi Sanqi Changshi, and was granted the title of Marquis of Guangde County, with a settlement of 500 households. Later he moved to serve as a regular attendant of Sanqi.

When Emperor Gaozu was guarding Zhu Fang, Xu Du served as General Xinwu and Prefect of Lanling. Emperor Gaozu sent King Hengyang Xian to Jingzhou, and Xu Du led his troops to follow him. Jiangling fell, Xu Du took a small road and returned eastward. When Emperor Gaozu pacified Wang Sengbian, both Xu Du and Hou An were in the navy. In the first year of Shaotai (555), Emperor Gaozu went east to attack Du Gong and served Emperor Jing as he came to Jingkou. Xu Du was in charge of the palace guards and took charge of the affairs left behind.

Xu Sihui, Ren Yue and others came to invade, and Gaozu and Emperor Jing returned to Kyoto. At that time, the enemy had occupied Stone City, but the city residents were all on their way south, far away from the imperial court. They were worried about being pursued by the enemy, so they sent Xu Du to lead his army to guard Yecheng Temple and build forts to block the enemy. The enemy troops all mobilized and launched a massive attack, but failed to capture it. Gaozu soon rescued Xu Du and defeated Ren Yue and others. The next year, Xu Sihui and others led the Northern Qi army across the river, and Xu Du followed the army to defeat the enemy at Beijiaotan. According to meritorious service, he was appointed General Xinwei, governor of Yingzhou, and concurrently served as prefect of Wuxing.

Soon he was promoted to the general of Zhenyou, the general of the leading army, the military general of South Xuzhou along the river, the general of Zhenbei, and the governor of South Xuzhou. He was given a piece of propaganda.

Zhou Wenyu, Hou Andu and others went west to attack Wang Lin, but were defeated and imprisoned by Wang Lin, so they appointed Xu Du as the commander-in-chief of the former army and guarded Nanling. After Shizu succeeded to the throne, he was moved to the third division of Shizhong, General of Zhongfu Army, and Kaifu Yitong, and was promoted to Duke. Before the ceremony and conferment, he was appointed as envoy Chijie, Sanqi Changshi, Zhendong general, and Wujun prefect. In the first year of Tianjia (560), one thousand households were added to the city. Upon expiration of his term of service, he was appointed as Shizhong and General of the Chinese Army. He served as the envoy to control the military affairs of the nine counties of Kuaiji, Dongyang, Linhai, Yongjia, Xin'an, Xinning, Xin'an, Jin'an and Jian'an, the general of Zhendong, and the prefect of Kuaiji. Before taking office, Taiwei Hou died in Xiangzhou, so Xu Du replaced him and was transferred to various military positions in Xiangzhou, Yuanzhou, Wuzhou, Bazhou, Yingzhou, and Guizhou, general of Zhennan, and governor of Xiangzhou. Upon expiration of his term of service, he will be appointed as a servant and general of the Chinese army, and his etiquette and propaganda will remain unchanged.

When Shizu passed away, Xu Du received an imperial edict in advance and led fifty armed soldiers into the forbidden area of ??the palace. The deposed emperor ascended the throne and was promoted to Sikong. Hua Jiao occupied Xiangzhou and rebelled, leading the Northern Zhou army to Chaokou. Confronted with the dynasty's army, Xu Du was promoted to the envoy, Chijie, chariot and cavalry general. He led the infantry from Ancheng County to the east of Hunan via Jingling Road, attacked Xiangzhou, and captured all the enemy's family members left in Xiangzhou before returning. . In the second year of Guangda (568), he died at the age of sixty. He was promoted to Taiwei and given to 20 Banjians, with the posthumous title Zhongsu. In the fourth year of Taijian's reign, he was ordered to enjoy the temple court of Emperor Gaozu. His son Xu Jingcheng succeeded him. 6. Answers to the reading of Chen Zhongju's Classical Chinese Essay on Rites and Virtues

Original text: Chen Zhongju speaks as a scholar, conducts himself as a model for the world, mounts a chariot and takes the bridle, and has the ambition to clarify the world. As the governor of Yuzhang, when he arrived, he asked Xu Ruzi where he was and wanted to see it first. Lord Bo Bai said: "The crowd wants the king of the government to enter the palace first." Chen said: "The King Wu's style of Shang Rong's palace has no time to warm the table. I am polite and virtuous, why not!"

Chen Zhongju's speech is that of a scholar. The role model and behavior are the norms of the world.

When he took office, he had the ambition to innovate politics. When he was appointed as the governor of Yuzhang, as soon as he arrived, he asked where Xu Ruzi was and wanted to visit him first. The chief registrar reported: "Everyone wants you to go to the official residence first." He said: "After King Wu of Zhou conquered the world, he didn't even sit on the mat to warm it. He first went to the residence of the sage Shang Rong to show respect. I salute you." What's wrong with a worthy person not being an official?"

Chen Zhongju is a person who actively devotes himself to the lower classes of the people to honor the worthy. This is what Chen Taishou does not enjoy. 7. Classical Chinese reading: Chen Dengyun, Zi Cong Long, a native of Tangshan

Full text translation of Chen Dengyun:

Chen Dengyun, courtesy name Conglong, a native of Tangshan. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), he was awarded Jinshi status and was appointed magistrate of Yanling County. With the best political performance, he was promoted to censor. After leaving Liaodong, Shangshu stated ten countermeasures to stabilize the border, and also requested that the establishment of a reward system for first achievements be accelerated. Later he was changed to governor of Shanxi.

Back in the capital, the ministers of the imperial court happened to be debating the matter of establishing a prince. Chen Dengyun believed that the imperial concubine's family was secretly causing trouble because of the delay in making a decision in the court meeting. In June of the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Shang Shu impeached the concubine's father, Zheng Chengxian, because of a disaster. He said: "Zheng Chengxian harbored evil intentions and coveted the crown prince. He interacted with eunuchs every day to discuss countermeasures, and he made extensive friends with mountain men, magicians, Taoist priests, and monks. When His Majesty severely punished the imposters in the examination room, Zheng Chengxian's wife often threatened to expose the matter herself, using it to intimidate the nobles and use clever words to deceive the court officials. Not only Hui'an was plotted by them, but also the Central Palace and the Queen Mother's family. Be careful to avoid their sharp edges. Your Majesty has been ruling the country for a long time. This is the result of the favorable government. Zheng Chengxian always tells people that he thinks it is the result of not establishing a prince. He has been planning for a long time and he will not be able to do anything in the future. "What about coming out? If you don't uphold the principles of justice and make upright decisions, even if you don't go to court every day, don't play music, wear white clothes, and stop the punishment, I'm afraid the emperor will not agree. Changes in the sky are irresistible." The imperial concubine and Zheng Chengxian both said. After losing his temper, his colleagues also thought that Chen Dengyun was in danger, but the emperor kept the memorial.

Much later, he impeached Lu Guangzu, the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Feng Shike, the deputy envoy of Sichuan Tixue, Li Lai, the governor of Yingtian, Wang Zhixiang, the governor of Shuntian, Han Shineng, the minister of the Ministry of Rites, Luo Wanhua, the minister of Nanjing. Tai servant Qing Xu Yongjian. All the high officials in the imperial court were afraid of him. At that time, it was time to take the examination for academic subjects, so Chen Dengyun wrote in a book: "Recently, the censors, before Renwu, were afraid of violence, and the upright ones became gentle; after Renwu, they were restrained by emotions, and the upright ones became flattering.

Aren't there some righteous people among them, but they can't stand the attacks and have no place to stay? In the past twenty years, only one or two people have been promoted to Beijing officials with integrity. Behind the back of the emperor, he cultivates party members and begs for mercy, like the so-called "seven jackals" and "eight dogs", and the censor accounts for half of them. Tai Jian is a person who regulates right and wrong for the world, but to the extent that he tramples on others, how can we expect him to handle things with integrity and eliminate traitors and scum for the country regardless of his feelings? Rather than being demoted due to misuse, it is better to carefully examine candidates. "So I presented several things to the emperor.

He was appointed as the patrol commissioner of Henan. There was a great famine that year, and people ate each other. Deputy envoy Cui Yinglin saw the people eating wild goose excrement in the lake, so he sent it to Chen Dengyun. Seeing that, Chen Dengyun was sent to the imperial court. The emperor immediately sent the temple minister Zhong Huamin to distribute treasury money to help the people. Chen Dengyun visited the place three times and was strict in governing. According to regulations, he should be promoted to a capital official. He was repeatedly detained by the palace and refused to do so, so he claimed to be ill and returned. Home. He died soon after. 8. Reading answers to Hao Jingchun's biography

Translation for reference:

Hao Jingchun, courtesy name Heman, passed the provincial examination and was awarded the Yancheng Teaching. He was dismissed from his post due to negligence and returned home. He was later transferred to Huangzhou Zhaomo to act as agent for Huang'an County. On the third day after taking office, the peasant rebels suddenly attacked the city. Jingchun and others held the position for eight days. On the eighth night of the day, the rebels withdrew.

In the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), Luo Rucai, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led the nine battalions to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, and Rucai agreed. Then he hesitated again. Jingchun rode alone to the rebel barracks to persuade him, and formed a blood alliance with Rucai and his accomplices Bai Gui and Heiyun Xiang. Zhuxigu, Baokang, Shangjin, and Gui and Yunxiang were stationed in the suburbs of Fangxian. At that time, the walls of all Yunyang counties were destroyed. Only Fangxian relied on Jingchun's appeasement, but the rebels were generally able to defend it. , the residents were restless day and night. On the one hand, Jingchun, Zhu Bangwen, and guard Yang Daoxuan repaired the fortifications, and on the other hand, they lived in harmony with the rebel camps.

In May of the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Zhang Xianzhong was in Gucheng. He raised his troops to rebel against the Ming Dynasty and asked Rucai to act together. Jingchunzi Hao Mingluan was still a soldier and had the courage to defeat ten thousand men. He said to his father: "Fangxian County is the target of the enemy's attack. There are only two hundred soldiers who are tired and thin. How can the city be defended? Then he put on his armor and went to see you and said, "Don't you remember the oath you made to my father when you burned incense?" I hope you will be careful and don't make trouble with Zhang Xianzhong. "Rucai promised falsely. Mingluan realized that Rucai's promise was not sincere, so he came back and led the troops to defend the city with Daoxuan. However, the forwards sent by Xianzhong had already arrived at the city. Mingluan and other generals who killed the rebel army went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan. We went fourteen times to ask for help, but we still didn't see Wen Can.

Soon, the rebel army arrived at the gate of Fang County and presented their loyal troops with white flags. Suddenly, Rucai's troops gathered with red flags. They worked together to besiege. The rebel generals Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang shouted to the city: "Give the city to us and ensure that nothing happens." Xianzhong ordered Zhang Dajing to persuade him to surrender. Jingchun cursed on the city, kept fighting for five days and five nights, and held out for five days and five nights. The rebels suffered a lot of losses, Xianzhong's left foot was injured, and his beloved horse was also killed. The defender commander Zhang Sanxi opened the north gate and allowed Rucai to enter the city. The city was captured, and Daoxuan died in the street battle. Dajing prompted Rucai to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused and asked him where the property in the treasury was. Jingchun said sternly. ": If there are still treasures in the treasury, you can't break the city! "The rebels killed Yidian Shi and a guard to intimidate him, but Jingchun refused to give in and was killed together with his son Mingluan. His servant Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen's family all died. When the court heard about it, they gave Jingchun Shangbao to Shaoqing and built a temple. It was enshrined and later given to the Shaoqing of Taipu Temple. 9. Classical Chinese reading answer Liu Xianzhuan

Translation of "Ming Dynasty Liu Xianzhuan":

Liu Xian, a native of Nanchang, was naturally tall and physically strong. When he was young, his family was poor and he worked as a domestic worker. During the famine years, he ate too much and could not bear the suffering of hunger, so he had the idea of ????suicide. He came to an abandoned temple and hanged himself twice. , all attempts failed because the ropes and rafters were broken. Liu Xian thought that he was protected by a god, so he bid farewell to the statue and left in mourning. He mingled with a group of pullers and worked as a puller for many years, and finally arrived. In Sichuan, the land of abundance, he lived in a temple and made a living by working part-time and stealing the offerings from the temple. He kept the stolen offerings in a big bell and was soon discovered. People thought that his miraculous physical strength was there. It is a heavenly being descending to earth.

In the 34th year of Jiajing reign, the Miao people in Yibin in southern Sichuan were in rebellion. Governor Zhang Gao recruited troops to quell the rebellion. Under the persuasion and encouragement of everyone, Liu Xian enlisted and surrendered to the army. In the first battle, he danced with two large guillotines and took the lead in charging, cutting with his own hands. He killed fifty or sixty people and captured three of the ringleaders. The rear army advanced and put an end to the rebellion. Liu Xian became famous and was promoted from a pawn to the deputy of a thousand households. From then on, he has been on the battlefield, and within seven years he was promoted to the rank of commander-in-chief based on his military exploits. His promotion was so fast that it was rarely seen among military generals in the past dynasties.

Reference:

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Note:

"Liang Shu·Liu Xian Biography", "Southern History" ·Liu Xianzhuan" is unknown. 10. Answers to Yin Yunji’s classical Chinese reading comprehension

Translation

During the Zhengde period of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty, Yin Yunji (born in Shouzhang, courtesy name Jinfu) was appointed magistrate of Qingjiang County. County citizen Zhu Kai died in the west corridor of the Confucian Temple. We don’t know who the murderer was, but there was an anonymous letter saying: "It was someone who killed Zhu Kai." Someone had an old grudge with Zhu Kai, and everyone thought it was probably him. . Yin Yunji said: "The real culprit is blaming someone else to mislead our investigation. Who among Zhu Kai's neighbors is close to him?" They all replied, "Yao's surname is a subordinate official." Yin Yunji gathered all the subordinate officials in the court hall. He said: "I need someone who can write well. Please submit your handwriting." Among the officials, Yao Ming's handwriting most resembled the handwriting of an anonymous letter. Yin Yunji asked him: "Why did you kill Zhu Kai?" Yao Ming was shocked. , had to confess and said: "Zhu Kai was going to Suzhou to do business. I was greedy for his property, so I killed him."

Notes

① Suspended treatment: Delay in solving the case.

②玎: close.