Thinking characteristics of children and adolescents

Point 1, imitation thinking

It is not his fault that children like to imitate, because this is determined by his thinking characteristics. Listen to this funny story: Nick went to visit his grandmother with his dad. On the train, Nick often stuck his head out of the window. Dad said, "Nick, be quiet! Don't stick your head out the window." But Nick still stuck his head out. So Dad quickly took off Nick's hat, quickly hid it behind his back, and said, "Look, the hat was blown off by the wind." Nick was scared, and he cried and wanted to get his hat back. Dad said: "Whistle, maybe the hat will come back." Nick leaned out of the car window and whistled.

Dad quickly put the hat on Nick's head. "Oh, what a miracle." Nick smiled. He was very happy, imitating his father's actions, quickly taking off his father's hat and throwing it out of the window. "It's your turn to whistle now, Dad!" he said happily. Little Nick thought that his father's hat could also be found. The main way children learn is by imitation. Their ability to imitate is very strong, but they simply imitate. Therefore, in front of children, you must better restrain yourself and avoid bad habits for children to imitate.

Characteristic 2. One-way thinking

If you teach your child 1+1=2, but you must not think that he already understands 2-1=1, because he can only Push from left to right, not from right to left.

Another example, two equally short and wide cups contain the same amount of water, and the water in one cup is poured into another tall and narrow cup. Then let the children compare which cup When there is a lot of water in the cup, there may be times when there is a lot of water in the tall and narrow cup, because at this time he cannot use calculations to solve the problem well, but only uses his only intuitive experience. Therefore, when imparting knowledge to children, we cannot take it for granted that they can also do some reverse thinking on their own.

Characteristic 3. Image thinking

When your child does simple calculations, such as 1+1=2, knowing why 1+1 equals 2 is a quality for your child. leap. If you say that a pencil plus a pencil is equal to two pencils; an apple plus an apple is equal to two apples, he knows the truth of 1+1=2, but in the future he will calculate 1+1=2 Sometimes, you still have to rely on physical objects.

Through the accumulation of image thinking, he can extract abstract digital concepts from physical objects one by one. Therefore, when teaching babies to learn mathematics, it is more important to use visual teaching aids to allow children to get abstract concepts from real objects.

Characteristic 4: No distinction between priorities

There is such a little joke. When Jack came home from school, his mother saw that his face was covered in blood and asked: "Jack, you are fighting again." ?Why did he lose two teeth?" Jack said hurriedly: "Mom, the teeth are not lost, I put them in my pocket!" It can be seen that the child did not understand what his mother meant at all. What his mother blamed was that he had fought with others again. However, he said that the tooth was not lost.

From the child's point of view, the tooth is indeed not lost, because to them the meaning of lost is that it cannot be found, is missing, and his tooth is still in his pocket. Does this count as lost? There is another joke that can also illustrate this problem. A mother said to her child: "Be careful not to eat the bugs in the apple." The baby said: "Why should I pay attention? It should be made to pay attention to me." This is the cuteness of children! Therefore, young children cannot catch what they say. The key to the problem is that parents must be patient enough to listen.

Feature 5. One-dimensional thinking

My mother taught her children: "Every important thing should be locked in a box so as not to be lost." The son remembered this sentence. . A few days later, my mother wanted to open the box to get something, but she couldn't find the key. The baby said next to her: "Mom, the key is in the box! You said the key should always be an important thing, so I took it It's locked." It can be said that the child only knows that the key is important, but he forgets that only the key can open the box. Xiao Ming was eating ice cream, and the adult told him that there was a bug in the ice cream. The adult's intention was naturally to prevent him from eating the bug in his mouth, but Xiao Ming said: "Freeze him to death!" Children's thinking is completely different from that of adults.

Swiss psychologist Piaget, the main representative of genetic epistemology, once summarized the thinking characteristics of children at this stage as the pre-operational stage; Ausubel also proposed a similar pre-operational stage, and It also defines the age as preschool children, believing that preschool children can only understand and use primary concepts and the relationships between them. These primary concepts are obtained by learners from specific practical experiences. Preschool children cannot engage in reversible thinking and cannot grasp what is Conservation, no real logical operations can be performed.