What courses are there in college biology?

Biological definition: Biology is a science that studies life phenomena and the laws of biological activities. Biology is a branch of natural science. Study the structure, function, occurrence and development of living things. According to the research object, it is divided into zoology, botany, microbiology and so on. According to the research content, it is divided into taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology and so on. It is a science that studies the species, structure, function, behavior, development, origin and evolution of organisms at all levels and the relationship between organisms and their surrounding environment. Compared with popular majors such as computer and electronics or traditional majors such as chemical engineering and machinery, the employment situation of biology major is not optimistic, but as a rapidly developing potential major, the prospect of biology major is still very exciting. Understand the situation clearly, find a correct position, plan ahead, make a long-term plan for your future, and create better conditions to meet future challenges. Generally speaking, there are four main employment channels for graduates majoring in biology: channel 1: R&D personnel or technicians in enterprises and institutions and administrative departments in industries such as industry, medicine, food, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, environmental protection and gardening. This direction can be divided into the following categories according to the treatment and working environment: 1. Technical support of multinational companies or large biotechnology foreign companies. Such as Procter & Gamble, Mars, Unilever and Bole Company. This kind of company mainly recruits master students and doctoral students from famous schools. The salary is good, the welfare is generous, the training mechanism is perfect, and the experience of big companies can also provide a higher platform for personal future development. This kind of unit can be said to be the best way out for biology majors, with fierce competition and high requirements for English, especially oral English. 2. Ombudsman of civil servants or institutions. The national civil servants who applied for biology major in 2007 have not been found yet. If they apply for unprofessional civil servants, they will only challenge the employment opportunities of "one in a hundred". Once a graduate is employed by a public institution, his salary is generally more than 2,000 yuan. Relevant institutions mainly include CDC, Material Evidence Center and Food Inspection Institute. However, there is little demand for personnel in related positions. Take Beijing as an example, only a dozen students are enrolled each year, mainly local students. This kind of position needs a long time to prepare for the exam, and it takes a long time to interview and review after the exam, and the number of recruits is small and the competition is fierce. However, this kind of post has low requirements for professional knowledge, stable work, low work intensity, good welfare and diverse guarantees, and is the first choice for female students majoring in biology. 3. Biotechnology service companies or non-public scientific research units. Biotechnology service companies, such as Shanghai Gong Sheng, Beijing Aoke, Shenneng Cai Bo, Beijing Boao and Sanbo Yuan Zhi. These companies generally focus on primer synthesis and sequencing, and their technicians mainly operate sequencers and synthesizers. The work is tedious, the technical content is low, and overtime is often needed. The salary of master graduates is between 2000 and 3000 yuan. Scientific research institutions such as Huada Gene and Peking University Life Science Park have higher requirements for professional foundation, and the hard and boring research and development work is beyond the tolerance of ordinary people. If you want to "get ahead" in the field of biotechnology, you might as well give it a try, because in such a working environment, you can learn some technologies and cultivate good scientific research ability. But when graduates start working, the salary is average. If they can get the research results, they will get a certain commission and reward. 4. Technical personnel of wineries, biopharmaceuticals and other enterprises. Nowadays, there are many private enterprises in society, such as those that produce xylitol, alcohol and other products, and also recruit students majoring in biology. Most of the posts are technicians, and the work is hard. However, this kind of post is well paid, such as Changyu, Tsingtao Brewery and Wuliangye. The salary is higher. Master graduates can get a monthly salary of about 3,000 yuan just after working, and they can basically become technical backbones after working for two years. In addition, graduates majoring in biology, especially microbiology, can also look to some biopharmaceutical and vaccine companies. At present, there are many foreign-funded and hospital-affiliated pharmaceutical companies in the society, and there are also many companies that make vaccines. Generally, graduate students will have more opportunities and higher pay than undergraduates. Before the interview, you should be fully prepared for the background, products and professional knowledge of the company you are applying for, so that the chances of success will be greater. Channel 2: Teachers in colleges and other teaching units. With the development of universities towards comprehensive universities, the demand for biology teachers in universities has also increased. Colleges and universities have higher requirements for academic qualifications, and it is difficult to enter universities or key universities in first-tier cities after graduation. Generally, each department of a university may have a certain number of places left, so you can try it. In addition to colleges and universities, graduates can also look to junior high schools and high schools. Because of the college entrance examination reform, biology class occupies a relatively heavy weight in the "3+X" model. Whether in junior high school or senior high school, biology has been promoted to the same important position as physics, chemistry and other disciplines, so there is a great demand for biology teachers in middle schools. It is understood that the annual income of teachers in key middle schools in developed areas is as high as 60,000 yuan, while the annual income of teachers in ordinary schools in underdeveloped areas is 20,000 to 30,000 yuan, and schools can also provide various insurances. For graduates who are interested in teaching, it is recommended to obtain Putonghua grade certificate and teacher qualification certificate, and participate in teaching practice during school. Don't think that becoming a middle school teacher after graduating from master's degree is overqualified. Many middle school teachers go back to school to continue charging fees after working for several years. As a graduate student, as long as he has good expressive ability and professional skills, he still has certain advantages in applying for the post of middle school teacher. Channel 3: Continue further study or go abroad. Many people choose to study this major because of their love for biology, not for utilitarian purposes. When they graduate, they are unwilling to give up what they have learned and join other industries. In order to become the elite in the field of biology, they must have strong scientific research ability, so many of them choose to take the postgraduate entrance examination, and when they graduate, taking a doctorate or going abroad becomes a way for them to continue their studies. Generally speaking, if it is not a cross-major, master students and doctoral students in this major are still relatively easy to test. At the same time, choosing a good tutor can also provide a good foundation for further study. Because the research direction of different tutors is very different, it will also have a certain impact on students' future study or employment direction. Therefore, candidates may wish to refer to the employment situation of graduate students they want to apply for before applying for graduate students. There has always been a saying among students majoring in biology: "Students will either go abroad or gamble." Although it is a joke, it points out another important way for biology graduates. It is easier for biology majors to apply for postgraduate scholarships from foreign universities than for other majors. If you are not sure, prepare at your own expense. Relatively speaking, it is easier for biology majors to find jobs abroad than at home, but there is still a certain gap in income compared with other foreign majors such as computers and electronics. Channel 4: The threshold for the sales management industry to switch to sales management positions is relatively low, and communication skills, patience and perseverance are essential qualities. Compared with other occupations, sales and management have a broader room for growth. For graduates majoring in biology, it can be said that it is useful to enter enterprises that produce biological agents, biological equipment and other products for sales and management. It is suggested that graduate students pay more attention to market research, planning (including planning report writing) and sales skills during their school days. Although the employment situation of biology in China is not optimistic at present, if we can plan our future in advance, we can also make great achievements in the field of biology. In recent years, the global bio-industry has developed rapidly. A number of emerging industries such as bio-manufacturing, bio-energy and bio-environmental protection are rapidly taking shape. Accordingly, China's attention and investment in bio-industry is also increasing year by year. In the 11th Five-Year Plan, the bio-industry is regarded as a strategic industry to be focused on. In 2020, the added value of China's bio-industry will exceed 2 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 4% of GDP, becoming a pillar industry in the high-tech field and a leading industry in the national economy. In 2007, the bio-industry in China continued to develop rapidly, with total industrial income exceeding 700 billion yuan, up 24% year-on-year. With the rapid development of bio-industry, it is believed that in the near future, the demand for bio-professionals will surge, and graduate students majoring in biology will have great potential.