What etiquette details should be paid attention to in western banquet?

The eating habits of East and West are different. The etiquette of Chinese food is well known, but at a formal western banquet, there are many rules that many people may not fully understand.

After China's death, there will be more foreign activities to connect with the world. It would be ridiculous if you didn't know anything about it.

Qian Gechuan, a famous scholar, once gave two examples:

One was at a banquet held by Hitler. According to the habit of eating western food at home, an China envoy wiped his knife and fork with a napkin, but it was extremely impolite, as if blaming the knife and fork for being unclean. Seeing this, Hitler immediately ordered the waiter to change all the guests' tableware, which embarrassed the diplomatic envoys in China.

Secondly, Li Hongzhang went to Germany to make a fool of himself. Li Hongzhang went to dinner at the invitation of Bismarck. Because he didn't know western etiquette, he washed his hands with a bowl of water after eating the fruit. Bismarck didn't know the reality of China at that time. In order not to embarrass Li Hongzhang, he also gulped down the washing water. Seeing this situation, other officials had to laugh.

In today's increasingly frequent communication between people in the East and the West, it is necessary to understand table manners. When attending a western banquet, you should pay attention to the following items:

(1) Don't start eating until all the guests have served and the hostess motioned.

(2) the napkin should be spread on the knee. If the napkin is large, it should be folded in half on the leg; If the napkins are small, you can open them all. You can wipe off the oil stains on your mouth or fingers with a corner of a napkin, but you must never wipe the tableware with a napkin.

(3) Sit up straight when eating, don't lean forward too much, and don't cross your arms on the table to avoid colliding with the guests next to you.

(4) When using a knife and fork, you should hold the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left hand. When using only a fork, you can hold it with your right hand. When using a knife, don't put the blade outward, and don't use a knife to deliver food to people. If you put the knife and fork together, it means the meal is over.

(5) Hold the bread in your hand, and then put it in a small dish beside you or on the edge of a big plate. Never fork bread with a fork. Use a butter knife to cut butter, not a personal knife.

(6) Only use a fork when eating salad. Hold the fork with your right hand, with the fork tip facing up. If there are bread and biscuits on the salad, you can hold a small piece of bread or biscuits with your left hand to help push the salad onto the fork.

(7) When eating fish, you can hold the bread in your left hand and the knife in your right hand to push the thorn away. The stone should also be spit in the palm of your hand and put on the plate.

(8) When drinking water, you should swallow the food in your mouth first. Don't rinse your food with water.

(9) Don't carry plates when eating. When you drink soup, you can tilt the plate and eat it with a spoon. Don't put the spoon in the cup when drinking tea or coffee.

(10) Don't make any noise when eating, especially when eating soup. You should shut up when you chew.

(1 1) Don't blow your nose or burp at the dinner table. If you sneeze or cough, you should apologize to the people around you.

Don't pick your teeth at the dinner table. If something gets stuck in your teeth, you must take it out and cover your mouth with a napkin.

(13) It is impolite to keep silent while eating. You should talk to people around you, but don't talk while chewing food.

(14) On the dining table, you should usually take food with a knife and fork. You can only eat celery, radish, olives, fruits, dry snacks, dried fruits, sweets, potato chips, corn, frog legs and bread with your hands.

(15) When the waiter serves the food for the guests in turn, it's your turn to take the food when you walk to your left. If the waiter is standing on your right, don't take it. It's your turn to take food from the guest on your right.

(16) When the hostess wants to add food for you, you can hand her a plate with a knife and fork or a waiter. You can't ask for more food if she doesn't ask you. It's impolite to do that.

(17) Some foods on the dining table, such as bread, butter, jam, pickles, dried fruits, sweets, etc. It is not allowed to eat until the hostess suggests it.

(18) After the meal, the guests should wait for the hostess to get up from her seat and then leave together. The male guest should help the lady put the chair back.

The above are the etiquette details that should be paid attention to at the western banquet. You shouldn't think it is too complicated. It's actually a formal way of eating. If you ignore these nuances, you will make a joke.

53 TPO clothing wearing principles

Clothing refers to people's clothing and accessories, which is an important part of the instrument and one of the main visual objects in interpersonal communication, including clothing and accessories.

Shakespeare said. "Clothing can often express personality." Indeed, in people's communication, clothing largely reflects a person's social status, identity, occupation, income, hobbies, and even a person's cultural accomplishment, personality and aesthetic taste.

Clothing has always been regarded as "non-verbal information" to convey people's thoughts, emotions and other cultural psychology.

TPO is a dress code put forward by westerners. They are abbreviations of three words in English: time, place and occasion. TPO dress code requires people to dress according to three factors: time, place and occasion.

Time principle

Time not only refers to the morning, noon and evening of every day, but also includes the seasonal changes of spring, summer, autumn and winter every year and the different age stages of life. The principle of timeliness requires that the time factor should be considered in dressing, so as to change clothes with time.

Usually, in the morning, people should dress conveniently and casually at home or in outdoor activities, such as washing and eating at home or going out for exercise. They can choose sportswear, casual wear and casual wear.

Dress for work hours should be based on the characteristics and nature of the work, with the principle of serving the work and being solemn and generous. There are many formal social activities, such as dinners, dances and concerts.

The communication distance between people is relatively narrow, and the visual and psychological feelings given by clothing are relatively enhanced. So pay attention to some evening dresses, especially evening dresses.

Clothing should change with the changes of the four shows throughout the year, and it is not appropriate to be unconventional or break the routine.

The summer dress style is cool, gentle and simple. While making yourself cool and comfortable, let the colors and styles of clothes give others a good visual and psychological feeling. In summer, clothes with too many folds and too thick colors not only make people unbearable hot, but also affect the makeup effect once the ladies sweat on their faces.

In winter, we should take warmth and lightness as the principle of dressing, avoid being bloated, and avoid not being warm and graceful, and dress too thin for beauty. It should be noted that even skirts should be light and thin in summer, and skirts with thick fabrics should be worn in winter. The range of choices in spring and autumn will be larger and more.

Site selection principle

The principle of location means that different places, places, positions and clothes should be different. Only when a specific environment is matched with clothes that are suitable and coordinated with it can we obtain harmonious visual and psychological beauty.

For example, wear professional formal clothes only suitable for entertainment, shopping, leisure and sightseeing in a formal working environment, or wear jeans, tennis skirts, sportswear and casual clothes to enter offices and social places. Are all manifestations of environmental disharmony.

Principle of occasion

Different occasions have different dress codes. Only clothing that is consistent and harmonious with the atmosphere of a specific occasion can produce a harmonious aesthetic effect and achieve the best effect of the integration of people and scenery.

Dress codes should be strictly observed in formal occasions. For example, when a man wears a suit, he must wear a tie. If there is a vest in the suit, he should put the tie in the vest. Suits should be ironed, pants should be ironed, collars and cuffs should be clean, and shoes should be shiny. Women should not wear sandals barefoot. If they wear stockings, socks should not be exposed outside their clothes.

On festive occasions, such as festivals or anniversaries, weddings, parties, dances, etc. Clothing can be bright, lively, chic and fashionable. Generally speaking, in formal festive occasions, men's clothing is suitable for dark colors, monochrome, stripes and dark squares; In sightseeing, parties, birthday parties and other occasions. You can choose brightly colored clothes. No matter what holiday occasion, women can choose colorful clothes that suit them.

54 "treat" art and discretion

Proper hospitality can smooth feelings and bring relationships closer. But making friends by "treating guests" should not be regarded as "fair-weather friends". As long as you are sincere in expressing friendship and treating guests, the other party may also associate with you sincerely.

You should also pay attention to your discretion when treating guests. As the saying goes, "no treat, no shame at both ends." If the guests don't come after being invited, the host will feel ashamed; Guests will feel embarrassed. Therefore, treating guests is an art. To master this art, we must grasp the following measures:

Treat the right people.

The choice of the invitee must be based on the purpose of doing things. When you ask for help, the people you invite are naturally people who can help you, but sometimes you need some other friends to accompany you. If this happens, it should be arranged carefully. When selecting the invitees, we should define the invitation scope and determine the invitation list in turn according to the nature and demand of the inviter and the scale of the banquet, and follow the principles of first priority, second priority, and first intimacy.

The invitation method should be appropriate

What kind of invitation should be adopted depends on the specific problems, the nature of the work and the target. Scholars, experts, leaders, etc. Most of them are busy with work and time is tight. It's best to make an appointment with them in advance and let them adjust their work and arrange their time. Inviting important people of a certain group openly, even with the help of the media, can not only reflect fairness and openness, but also help attract attention, promote publicity and expand influence; A secret conversation between friends is more conducive to avoiding the sight of others. Ensure the concealment of communication activities. Ordinary contacts, ordinary relatives and friends, just say hello, make a phone call and take a message; And more important work contacts, business relations, public relations affairs, etc. Corresponding official document formats, such as letters and invitations, must be adopted. , or send someone to convey and visit in person according to certain specifications. Show attention, solemnity and respect. In short, the way of invitation varies from thing to thing and from person to person.

Ensure the convenience of the guests.

It is necessary to ensure the convenience of the guests, that is, to consider the invited objects as much as possible and provide them with convenience in communication and transportation. Boss Wang wants to ask Professor Zhang to help him solve a scientific problem. However, Professor Zhang is too old to move. He was going to refuse, but I didn't expect Boss Wang to send a special car to pick him up and take care of him. This moved Professor Zhang so much that he changed his mind. This is convenient for people, for themselves, and for people and themselves.

Sincere and friendly

Meet each other sincerely, without hypocrisy, without breach of contract, without breaking your word. Some friends were invited to his house. A friend believed it, but perfunctory, so that his friend was shut out. His rude behavior made his friends very angry. After many years, my friend is still worried about this matter. Such an invitation, playing tricks on others, losing friends, does harm to others and yourself!

"Treating guests" is not a trivial matter, but more attention should be paid to details. A moment of carelessness, a moment of carelessness, is likely to fail to invite guests, or let guests break up in discord. Only by covering everything can we ensure foolproof and make the guests and your face shine.