How did humans conquer smallpox?

Question 1: How did humans conquer smallpox? Medicine, desire for survival

Question 2: How did humans conquer smallpox? The earliest smallpox vaccination in the world was in the Song Dynasty in China. Later, due to the interruption of the war, it was not put into practical use until the end of the Ming Dynasty. However, this treatment is risky because it uses human smallpox virus. Later, this technology spread from Russia to Europe. Because of the convenient conditions and good scientific environment for large-scale cattle raising in Britain, the British doctor Jenner improved this method and inoculated people with bovine smallpox virus, so that people can gain strong immunity in a safe state. This is the origin of vaccinia. Later, this technology was widely accepted all over the world. 1980, the World Health Organization announced the complete eradication of smallpox virus.

At present, there is no other virus to conquer, only the next virus to conquer: rabies virus.

I hope it helps you.

Question 3: How did humans conquer smallpox? There is no need to conquer it now.

There is already a vaccine.

Children need to be vaccinated when they are young.

After vaccination, you will basically not get smallpox.

Question 4: How long did it take humans to conquer smallpox before? Three thousand years

Question 5: Who conquered smallpox? In human history, smallpox once ravaged the whole world. Smallpox is caused by, highly contagious and high. As early as the Song Dynasty (998- 1022), China had adopted the method of inoculation of human pox, that is, the serosity in pustules of patients with mild smallpox was inoculated into healthy people to prevent smallpox. Later it gradually spread to Europe and Asia.

EdwardJenner, an Englishman, noticed that female milking workers often come into contact with cows suffering from (a natural mild infectious disease of cattle), and pustules will appear, but they never get smallpox. Jenner was inspired to invent the inoculation method. Edward? Qin Na (A.D. 1749- 1823) was a British doctor. At that time, smallpox was widespread in Europe. In the18th century, more than1500,000 people died of smallpox, even a king in France was not spared. Chen Na is determined to solve this major medical problem. After more than 20 years of hard research, it is finally proved that vaccination can make people gain permanent immunity to smallpox and save countless lives. His success also opened up a new field for mankind-immunology. He is a pioneer in conquering infectious diseases on the basis of science. In 0980, it was solemnly announced for the 33rd time that smallpox had been eradicated all over the world!

Question 6: How did people on earth know that smallpox virus was eliminated? It is understood that a fatal weakness of smallpox virus also makes it destined to be the first object to be eliminated by human beings: the human body is the only host of smallpox virus, that is, smallpox is only infected by people and only spreads from person to person. This provides a biological premise for the eradication of smallpox.

/kloc-Edward, a British country doctor in the 0 th and 8 th centuries? Inspired by China's ancient practice, Chennault further discovered that some milkmen in rural England often had cowpox, but those who had cowpox did not have smallpox. This strange phenomenon inspired him greatly. From 1788 to 1796, Qin Na devoted herself to the observation and experiment of vaccinia. 1796 On May 4th, he sucked a small amount of pus from the cowpox on the back of a milkmaid's hand and inoculated it on a child. Two months later, he inoculated the child with smallpox virus. As a result, the child has no symptoms of smallpox. This success strengthened Qin Na's determination to vaccinate against vaccinia. 1798 published the famous paper "Study on the Causes and Results of Vaccinia", and the vaccination method was formally born. Before Qin Na, some people tried to grow vaccinia, but failed to make scientific experiments.

Although jenner invented vaccinia, it was not smooth sailing. There have been cartoons defaming vaccinia in Britain. But rumors can't cover up the truth, and the vaccinia law is finally accepted by all countries in the world.

Chener devoted most of his life to the study of vaccinia, and the British Parliament rewarded him with 20,000 pounds to support his research. After Chennault's death, a statue was erected for him in London, England, to remind people of this great and ordinary doctor forever. 1805, the Portuguese Hewitt from Macau introduced vaccination to China, and Pearson, the ship doctor of the East India Company, also introduced vaccination to China. Because vaccination in China was often free at that time, and vaccination was safer than human vaccination, more and more people in China accepted vaccination instead of human vaccination.

In the process of human conquest of smallpox, China's human pox inoculation method and Qin Na's vaccinia inoculation method both played a role in eliminating smallpox. Especially after large-scale vaccination, the incidence of smallpox decreased significantly. After 1970s, smallpox stopped spreading in China, and in 1980s, smallpox was eliminated all over the world. This is the only infectious disease that human beings have eliminated so far.

Question 7: How was smallpox first inoculated? Vaccination is a method to prevent smallpox virus invented by Chen Na, a British rural doctor.

As 1980 was solemnly announced by the Third World Health Organization General Assembly on May 8th, smallpox, the number one plague that has harmed mankind for thousands of years, has been completely eradicated from the earth! The Global Committee for the Eradication of Smallpox confirmed that 1977+00 was the last case of smallpox in the history of human infectious diseases.

So no one born after that has been vaccinated again.

Chen Na-the conqueror of smallpox

Smallpox was once a terrible infectious disease. One out of every four smallpox patients died, and the other three left ugly pockmarks. The history of smallpox seems to be as long as human history. Egyptian mummies preserved in BC 1000 have pockmarks similar to smallpox. It is said that the once very powerful Roman Empire was weakened by smallpox and finally went to extinction. Although this is somewhat exaggerated, it also shows the great harm of smallpox. /kloc-in the 4th century, smallpox spread in Europe, and the death toll reached1500,000. Smallpox is like a terrible demon, it can't tolerate anyone, from emperors, nobles to ordinary people. For centuries, smallpox has been synonymous with death, and people talk about the change of the sky.

Smallpox has a characteristic, that is, a person only suffers from it once in his life, if smallpox patients can survive by luck; Then he will never have to worry about smallpox again. Can a person not get smallpox once in his life?

In ancient times, our people realized this characteristic of smallpox from the practice of preventing and treating diseases and put forward the idea of "fighting poison with poison". /kloc-in the Song Zhenzong era of the 20th century, the idea of "fighting poison with poison" was applied concretely, and the working people in our country invented the "vaccine". They put the scabs of smallpox patients in the nostrils of healthy people. This healthy person will be infected with some slight symptoms of smallpox, but he will never get smallpox from now on. This process is called "vaccination". In ancient China, the method of "vaccination" to prevent smallpox was a great pioneering work in the history of world medicine. This method was later spread from China to other Asian countries, and then to Europe and America through Turkey.

The application of "vaccination" is a great contribution of China people to immunology, but unfortunately, vaccination has not been further developed for a long time since then, because the scab originated from people, thus limiting its application. It was not until18th century that edward jenner (1749 ~ 1822), an English country doctor, invented "vaccination", which made this ancient "vaccination" shine brilliantly. In fact, "vaccination" is developed on the basis of "vaccination".

65438+70s, Edward? Qin Na became interested in cowpox, a disease of cattle. The so-called vaccinia is a mild smallpox disease. Because it exists in cattle and other domestic animals, it is called vaccinia.

Qin Na observed an interesting phenomenon in the village where she lived: most people who dealt with farm animals were not infected with smallpox, and those female milkmaids never suffered from smallpox, which surprised Qin Na and made him wonder.

Jenna is determined to solve this mystery. After careful observation, he found that the milkmaid was not infected with vaccinia, but the symptoms were very mild, and there were one or two blisters on her hands, sometimes even without knowing it. Jenna thought, is it because they are infected with vaccinia, a mild smallpox, so they are not infected with smallpox?

Jenner observed it for many years, especially after China's vaccination was introduced to Europe, which inspired him a lot. Jenner finally decided that his idea was correct. He thinks that the milkmaids once suffered from vaccinia, which can give them a kind of resistance and protect them from smallpox. He is determined to do an experiment to test his idea.

1On May 4th, 796, Qin Na took some pox slurry from a milkmaid suffering from vaccinia and injected it into an 8-year-old boy named phipps, who had never suffered from vaccinia and smallpox before. Two days later, the boy felt a little sick, but he soon recovered.

Two months later, Qin Na was convinced that phipps's resistance had been established. The task now is to prove that phipps Jr. is resistant to smallpox through experiments. Jenna took some pus from the scab of the smallpox patient and injected it into phipps Jr.

A week passed, and little Phipps was not infected with smallpox.

A month later, phipps Jr. is still safe and sound.

Jenna's hanging heart finally let go. Yes, Qin Na succeeded ... >>

Question 8: What kind of virus did humans kill with vaccines? Humans killed smallpox with vaccines.

Smallpox is a serious infectious disease caused by smallpox virus, and it is also the first infectious disease that has been eliminated by human beings in the world so far. Smallpox is caused by pox virus infection, and patients will have pockmarked faces after recovery, hence the name "smallpox".

After careful thinking and bold exploration, edward jenner, a key figure in human conquest of smallpox, finally discovered the law that people can acquire smallpox immunity through vaccination, and invented a low-risk and high-efficiency vaccination technology.

Question 9: Which scientist invented smallpox vaccine? First of all, I said, what I said below is just my guess, for your reference only. :)

The "milkmaid ..." mentioned by netizens is true, and it is in our high school textbooks.

However, after watching the documentary "America: Our Story" recently, the question came: Was George recorded in the second episode? In the winter of the American War of Independence, Washington took great risks to curb the rapid spread of smallpox in the army. Because they learned vaccination techniques from Indians, he ordered the military doctors to cut the wounds on healthy soldiers and apply live smallpox virus to their wounds. If the virus produces antibodies in the human body faster than it spreads, the antibodies can resist the virus. He succeeded, and the death rate of smallpox dropped from thousands to dozens.

The American War of Independence was 1775- 1783. If I remember correctly, Edward Chennault invented the vaccine like this:

1766, British youth Edward? By chance, Qin Na heard a milkmaid say that she would never get smallpox in her life. The reason is that the cow squeezed by the girl has acne and the milkmaid is infected. Once infected with acne, you will never get smallpox in your life. Qin Na was surprised to hear the news.

10 years later, Qin Na became a village doctor and once again confirmed the milkmaid's words from the farmers in her hometown. So he had a sudden idea, why not let everyone who didn't get smallpox get smallpox once? He told his teacher what he thought. With the encouragement of the teacher, Qin Na vaccinated an 8-year-old child in her hometown for the first time on May 2 1, 1796. The child's name is James? Phipps. Qin Na first found a girl who had just been infected with cowpox, took some acne pulp from her and planted it on phipps's arm. Within three days, phipps just felt a little uncomfortable and ran as usual. Six weeks later, he was inoculated with smallpox plasma, and Phipps had no symptoms. This proves that his body has been immune. Since then, mankind has begun a new era of conquering smallpox.

As can be seen from the above two data, it is an ancient method to fight poison with poison and fight virus with antibody. Perhaps people have discovered it since ancient tribal times. But today's vaccinia vaccine terrier Edward Chennatti, proved by experiments, was later popularized all over the world.

Question 10: What was the disease of smallpox in ancient times? In fact, the ancient people did not have any accurate understanding of smallpox, as can be seen from the name. At that time, I thought it was a punishment from heaven and an ominous omen. So many people with smallpox are not accepted by the world after they get well.